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Open AccessJournal Article

Navigating the future

J A Arnold
- 01 Jan 1995 - 
- Vol. 59, Iss: 2
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TLDR
How GPS works, the services available and the errors associated with services, the needs and requirements of users, augmentation services, and future developments are described.
Abstract
A United States Department of Defense system called NAVSTAR Global Positioning System (GPS) is revolutionizing navigation and positioning technologies. GPS is a satellite-based, radio-navigation system consisting of 24 satellites arranged in 6 orbital planes at an altitude of 20,000 km and a ground-based infrastructure that monitors and controls the satellites. Every transportation mode can benefit from GPS. On the nation's highways, GPS can provide navigation and guidance to vehicles and buses, automated voice for bus stop annunciation, and accident data collection. The rail industry can track hazardous cargo and monitor the location of entire trains on their track network to prevent collision. The most dramatic use of GPS will eventually be in guiding an aircraft from the time it takes off until the time it lands. Finally, many marine navigators use a complex system of buoys, navigational beacons, and landmarks, which can be pinpointed accurately using GPS. This article describes how GPS works, the services available and the errors associated with services, the needs and requirements of users, augmentation services, and future developments. The author reports that the advances being made today are nothing short of phenomenal.

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References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI

Not Just Steering but Weaving: Relevant Knowledge and the Craft of Building Policy Capacity and Coherence

TL;DR: The authors argue that designing for capacity and coherence has been overwhelmingly concerned with improving the instrumental rationality of policy-making through a more systematic and strategic use of knowledge, and argue that this instrumentalism has meant that designing has worked within a tightly constructed epistemological regime which has tended to neglect non-instrumentalist approaches to policy knowledge and learning.
Journal ArticleDOI

Can tourism be part of the decarbonized global economy? The costs and risks of alternate carbon reduction policy pathways

TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared potential costs associated with different policy pathways to achieve tourism sector emission reduction ambitions (−50% by 2035) and transform the sector to be part of the mid-century decarbonized economy (−70% by 2050).

Tourism’s impact on climate change and its mitigation challenges: How can tourism become ‘climatically sustainable’?

Paul Peeters
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined what the main drivers for tourism's CO2 emissions development are and indicated what the tourism sector should look like in terms of improved energy efficiencies and volumes of trips, guest-nights, transport distances and transport mode choice to fit a "climatically sustainable development".
Journal ArticleDOI

Dynamic packaging spells the end of European charter airlines

TL;DR: Passengers now have the ability to self-assemble the passengers in a self-assembling manner as mentioned in this paper, which has been shown to be beneficial in the short-haul markets, whilst the long-haul market remains far more resilient.