Book ChapterDOI
Pectin: cell biology and prospects for functional analysis
TLDR
Current knowledge of biosynthetic enzymes, plant and microbial pectinases and the interactions of pECTin with other cell wall components and the impact of molecular genetic approaches are reviewed in terms of the functional analysis of pectic polysaccharides in plant growth and development.Abstract:
Pectin is a major component of primary cell walls of all land plants and encompasses a range of galacturonic acid-rich polysaccharides Three major pectic polysaccharides (homogalacturonan, rhamnogalacturonan-I and rhamnogalacturonan-II) are thought to occur in all primary cell walls This review surveys what is known about the structure and function of these pectin domains The high degree of structural complexity and heterogeneity of the pectic matrix is produced both during biosynthesis in the endomembrane system and as a result of the action of an array of wall-based pectin-modifying enzymes Recent developments in analytical techniques and in the generation of anti-pectin probes have begun to place the structural complexity of pectin in cell biological and developmental contexts The in muro de-methyl-esterification of homogalacturonan by pectin methyl esterases is emerging as a key process for the local modulation of matrix properties Rhamnogalacturonan-I comprises a highly diverse population of spatially and developmentally regulated polymers, whereas rhamnogalacturonan-II appears to be a highly conserved and stable pectic domain Current knowledge of biosynthetic enzymes, plant and microbial pectinases and the interactions of pectin with other cell wall components and the impact of molecular genetic approaches are reviewed in terms of the functional analysis of pectic polysaccharides in plant growth and developmentread more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Growth of the plant cell wall
TL;DR: Recent discoveries have uncovered how plant cells synthesize wall polysaccharides, assemble them into a strong fibrous network and regulate wall expansion during cell growth.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pectin structure and biosynthesis
TL;DR: New developments in understanding pectin structure, function, and biosynthesis indicate that these polysaccharides have roles in both primary and secondary cell walls.
Journal ArticleDOI
Toward a Systems Approach to Understanding Plant Cell Walls
Chris Somerville,Chris Somerville,Stefan Bauer,Ginger Brininstool,Michelle R Facette,Michelle R Facette,Thorsten Hamann,J. Milne,Erin Osborne,Alexander R. Paredez,Alexander R. Paredez,Staffan Persson,Theodore K. Raab,Sonja Vorwerk,Heather Youngs,Heather Youngs +15 more
TL;DR: Progress in integrating biophysical, developmental, and genetic information into a useful model will require a system-based approach.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pectin, a versatile polysaccharide present in plant cell walls
TL;DR: Pectin or pectic substances are collective names for a group of closely associated polysaccharides present in plant cell walls where they contribute to complex physiological processes like cell growth and cell differentiation and so determine the integrity and rigidity of plant tissue as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pectin: new insights into an old polymer are starting to gel
TL;DR: Pectin is a high value functional food ingredient widely used as a gelling agent and stabilizer and it is also an abundant, ubiquitous and multifunctional component of the cell walls of all land plants as mentioned in this paper.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Structural models of primary cell walls in flowering plants: consistency of molecular structure with the physical properties of the walls during growth
TL;DR: This review integrates information on the chemical structure of individual polymers with data obtained from new techniques used to probe the arrangement of the polymers within the walls of individual cells consistent with the physical properties of the wall and its components.
Book
Comprehensive natural products chemistry
TL;DR: Collecting together aspects of the chemistry of natural products, this work was conceived as a source of the underlying general principles governing modern natural products physics as discussed by the authors, and was used as a basis for the present paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Role of Pectic Enzymes in Plant Pathogenesis
and A Collmer,N. T. Keen +1 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that fragments released from the cell wall by pectic enzymes can elicit plant defense reactions and that the highly pectolytic bacteria, Erwinia chrysanthemi and E. carotovora, are amenable to a powerful array of molecular genetic manipulations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Structure and biogenesis of the cell walls of grasses
TL;DR: This review focuses on the chemistry of the unique polysaccharides, aromatic substances, and proteins of the grasses and how these structural elements are synthesized and assembled into dynamic and functional cell walls.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of cell wall hydrolases in fruit ripening
TL;DR: Pectinmethylesterase, a new type of pectin-like substance, is introduced into the cell wall through a process called “modification of Cell Wall Hydrolase Activity”.