Journal ArticleDOI
Pessimistic explanatory style is a risk factor for physical illness: a thirty-five-year longitudinal study
TLDR
Pessimism in early adulthood appears to be a risk factor for poor health in middle and late adulthood and pessimistic explanatory style predicted poor health at ages 45 through 60.Abstract:
Explanatory style, the habitual ways in which individuals explain bad events, was extracted from open-ended questionnaires filled out by 99 graduates of the Harvard University classes of 1942-1944 at age 25. Physical health from ages 30 to 60 as measured by physician examination was related to earlier explanatory style. Pessimistic explanatory style (the belief that bad events are caused by stable, global, and internal factors) predicted poor health at ages 45 through 60, even when physical and mental health at age 25 were controlled. Pessimism in early adulthood appears to be a risk factor for poor health in middle and late adulthood.read more
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New Well-Being Measures: Short Scales to Assess Flourishing and Positive and Negative Feelings.
Ed Diener,Ed Diener,Derrick Wirtz,William Tov,Chu Kim-Prieto,Dong-Won Choi,Shigehiro Oishi,Robert Biswas-Diener +7 more
TL;DR: The Flourishing Scale as mentioned in this paper is a summary measure of the respondent's self-perceived success in important areas such as relationships, self-esteem, purpose, and optimism.
Journal ArticleDOI
Psychological correlates of university students' academic performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis
TL;DR: A review of 13 years of research into antecedents of university students' grade point average (GPA) scores generated a comprehensive, conceptual map of known correlates of tertiary GPA; assessment of the magnitude of average, weighted correlations with GPA; and tests of multivariate models of GPA correlates within and across research domains.
Journal ArticleDOI
Psychological aspects of natural language. use: our words, our selves.
TL;DR: Findings that point to the psychological value of studying particles-parts of speech that include pronouns, articles, prepositions, conjunctives, and auxiliary verbs are summarized.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of optimism on psychological and physical well-being: Theoretical overview and empirical update
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the beneficial effects of optimism on psychological and physical well-being is presented, focusing on how optimism may lead a person to cope more adaptively with stress.
Journal ArticleDOI
Establishing and maintaining healthy environments. Toward a social ecology of health promotion.
TL;DR: The author offers a social ecological analysis of health promotive environments, emphasizing the transactions between individual or collective behavior and the health resources and constraints that exist in specific environmental settings.
References
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Book
Cognitive Therapy of Depression
Steven D. Hollon,Aaron T. Beck +1 more
TL;DR: Hollon and Shaw as discussed by the authors discuss the role of emotions in Cognitive Therapy and discuss the integration of homework into Cognitive Therapy, and discuss problems related to Termination and Relapse.
Journal ArticleDOI
Learned Helplessness in Humans: Critique and Reformulation
TL;DR: According to the reformulation, once people perceive noncontingency, they attribute their helplessness to a cause and this cause can be stable or unstable, global or specific, and internal or external.
Journal ArticleDOI
Social support as a moderator of life stress
TL;DR: It appears that social support can protect people in crisis from a wide variety of pathological states: from low birth weight to death, from arthritis through tuberculosis to depression, alcoholism, and the social breakdown syndrome.
Book
Helplessness: On Depression, Development, and Death
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a learned-helplessness model of depression and developed a set of guidelines for depression and learned helplessness, including depression, anxiety and unpredictability, childhood failure, sudden psychosomatic death controllability.