Journal ArticleDOI
Plasma polymerization of acetylene onto silica: an approach to control the distribution of silica in single elastomers and immiscible blends
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TLDR
In this article, surface modification of silica by acetylene plasma polymerization is applied in order to improve the dispersion in and compatibility with single rubbers and their blends, and the performance of single polymers and their incompatible blends based on S-SBR and EPDM, filled with untreated, polyacetylene (PA) and silane-treated silica, is investigated by measurements of the bound rubber content, weight loss related to bound rubber, cure kinetics, reinforcement parameter, Payne effect, and mechanical properties.Abstract:
Surface modification of silica by acetylene plasma polymerization is applied in order to improve the dispersion in and compatibility with single rubbers and their blends. Silica, used as a reinforcing filler for elastomers, is coated with a polyacetylene (PA) film under vacuum conditions. Water penetration measurements show a change in surface energy due to the PA-film deposition. The weight loss measured by thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) is higher for the PA-coated silica compared to the untreated filler, confirming the deposition of the PA film on the silica surface. Time of flight-secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) shows the well-defined PA cluster peaks in the high mass region. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements show silica aggregates, coalesced by the coating with smooth and uniform surfaces, but without significant change in specific surface area. Elemental analysis by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) measurements also confirms the deposition of the polymeric film on the silica surface, as the carbon content is increased. The performance of single polymers and their incompatible blends based on S-SBR and EPDM, filled with untreated, PA- and silane-treated silica, is investigated by measurements of the bound rubber content, weight loss related to bound rubber, cure kinetics, reinforcement parameter, Payne effect, and mechanical properties. The PA- and silane-modified silica-filled pure S-SBR and EPDM samples show a lower filler–filler networking compared to the unmodified silica-filled elastomers. Decrease in the reinforcement parameter (F) for the plasma-polymerized silica-filled samples also proves a better dispersion compared to silane-modified and untreated silica-filled samples. On the other hand, the PA-silica-filled samples show a higher bound rubber content due to stronger filler–polymer interactions. Finally, the PA-silica-filled pure EPDM and S-SBR/EPDM blends show high tensile strength and elongation at break values, considered to be the result of best dispersion and compatibilization with EPDM.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Slowing Down versus Acceleration in the Dynamics of Confined Polymer Films
TL;DR: In this paper, molecular dynamics simulations on coarse-grained polymer films which are confined between two attractive crystalline Lennard-Jones substrates with three different substrate-substrate separations have been studied.
Journal ArticleDOI
Synergistic effect of plasma‐modified halloysite nanotubes and carbon black in natural rubber—butadiene rubber blend
TL;DR: In this paper, Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were surface modified by plasma polymerization to change their surface polarity and chemistry and used in a natural rubber/butadiene rubber blend in the presence of carbon black.
Journal ArticleDOI
Surface Modification of Fumed Silica by Plasma Polymerization of Acetylene for PP/POE Blends Dielectric Nanocomposites
Xiaozhen He,Ilkka Rytoluoto,Rafal Anyszka,Amirhossein Mahtabani,Eetta Saarimaki,Kari Lahti,Mika Paajanen,Wilma K. Dierkes,Anke Blume +8 more
TL;DR: This work shows that acetylene plasma modification of the silica surface is a promising route to tune charge trapping properties of PP/POE blend-based nanocomposites.
Journal ArticleDOI
Renewable Interfacial Modifier for Silica Filled Natural Rubber Compound
Kavichat Katueangngan,Tulyapong Tulyapitak,Anuwat Saetung,Siriwat Soontaranon,Nattapong Nithi-Uthai +4 more
TL;DR: In this article, a renewable and sustainable interfacial modifier, namely low molecular weight hydroxyl terminated natural rubber (HTNR), was used to enhance the rubber-filler interaction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nonmonotonic fracture behavior of polymer nanocomposites
J. G. de Castro,Rojman Zargar,Mehdi Habibi,H. Samet Varol,Sapun H. Parekh,B. Hosseinkhani,Mokhtar Adda-Bedia,Daniel Bonn +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the failure stress and strain of Rubbers reinforced by varying amounts of nano-sized silica particles were examined, and it was shown that small amounts of silica increase the fracture stress, but too much filler makes the material become brittle and consequently fracture happens at small deformations.
References
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Chemical aspects of rubber reinforcement by fillers
TL;DR: For decades, the rubber industry and the tire industry in particular, have been using mainly carbon blacks as reinforcing fillers as mentioned in this paper, which are capable of meeting a wide range of different requirements.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanistic aspects of the role of coupling agents in silica–rubber composites
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Journal ArticleDOI
Filler—Elastomer Interactions. Part IV. The Effect of the Surface Energies of Fillers on Elastomer Reinforcement
Wolff Siegfried,Meng-Jiao Wang +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, carbon black N110 and precipitated silica were used as model fillers to study the effect of filler surface energies on rubber reinfilling performance, and they were selected as fillers with comparable surface area and structure.
Journal ArticleDOI
Analysis of the non-linear viscoelastic behaviour of silica filled styrene butadiene rubber
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of temperature, filler amount and surface treatment of silica particles has been investigated in the case of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR).