Prior juvenile diagnoses in adults with mental disorder: developmental follow-back of a prospective-longitudinal cohort.
Julia Kim-Cohen,Avshalom Caspi,Terrie E. Moffitt,HonaLee Harrington,Barry J. Milne,Richie Poulton +5 more
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TLDR
Most adult disorders should be reframed as extensions of juvenile disorders, in particular, juvenile conduct disorder is a priority prevention target for reducing psychiatric disorder in the adult population.Abstract:
Background If most adults with mental disorders are found to have a juvenile psychiatric history, this would shift etiologic research and prevention policy to focus more on childhood mental disorders. Method Our prospective longitudinal study followed up a representative birth cohort (N = 1037). We made psychiatric diagnoses according to DSM criteria at 11, 13, 15, 18, 21, and 26 years of age. Adult disorders were defined in the following 3 ways: (1) cases diagnosed using a standardized diagnostic interview, (2) the subset using treatment, and (3) the subset receiving intensive mental health services. Follow-back analyses ascertained the proportion of adult cases who had juvenile diagnoses and the types of juvenile diagnoses they had. Results Among adult cases defined via the Diagnostic Interview Schedule, 73.9% had received a diagnosis before 18 years of age and 50.0% before 15 years of age. Among treatment-using cases, 76.5% received a diagnosis before 18 years of age and 57.5% before 15 years of age. Among cases receiving intensive mental health services, 77.9% received a diagnosis before 18 years of age and 60.3% before 15 years of age. Adult disorders were generally preceded by their juvenile counterparts (eg, adult anxiety was preceded by juvenile anxiety), but also by different disorders. Specifically, adult anxiety and schizophreniform disorders were preceded by a broad array of juvenile disorders. For all adult disorders, 25% to 60% of cases had a history of conduct and/or oppositional defiant disorder. Conclusions Most adult disorders should be reframed as extensions of juvenile disorders. In particular, juvenile conduct disorder is a priority prevention target for reducing psychiatric disorder in the adult population.read more
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Lifetime Prevalence of Mental Disorders in U.S. Adolescents: Results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication-Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A)
Kathleen R. Merikangas,Jian-Ping He,Marcy Burstein,Sonja A. Swanson,Shelli Avenevoli,Lihong Cui,Corina Benjet,Katholiki Georgiades,Joel Swendsen +8 more
TL;DR: Estimates of the lifetime prevalence of DSM-IV mental disorders with and without severe impairment, their comorbidity across broad classes of disorder, and their sociodemographic correlates are presented to provide the first prevalence data on a broad range of mental disorders in a nationally representative sample of U.S. adolescents.
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Martin Prince,Vikram Patel,Shekhar Saxena,Mario Maj,Joanna Maselko,Michael R. Phillips,Atif Rahman +6 more
TL;DR: Mental health affects progress towards the achievement of several Millennium Development Goals, such as promotion of gender equality and empowerment of women, reduction of child mortality, improvement of maternal health, and reversal of the spread of HIV/AIDS.
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TL;DR: Mental, emotional, and behavioral (MEB) disorders—which include depression, conduct disorder, and substance abuse—affect large numbers of young people.
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The p Factor: One General Psychopathology Factor in the Structure of Psychiatric Disorders?
Avshalom Caspi,Renate Houts,Daniel W. Belsky,Sidra Goldman-Mellor,HonaLee Harrington,Salomon Israel,Madeline H. Meier,Sandhya Ramrakha,Idan Shalev,Richie Poulton,Terrie E. Moffitt +10 more
TL;DR: The structure of psychopathology is examined, taking into account dimensionality, persistence, co-occurrence, and sequential comorbidity of mental disorders across 20 years, from adolescence to midlife, to explain why it is challenging to find causes, consequences, biomarkers, and treatments with specificity to individual mental disorders.
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Depression in adolescence
TL;DR: Unipolar depressive disorder in adolescence is common worldwide but often unrecognised, and the incidence, notably in girls, rises sharply after puberty and, by the end of adolescence, the 1 year prevalence rate exceeds 4%.
References
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Lifetime and 12-Month Prevalence of DSM-III-R Psychiatric Disorders in the United States: Results From the National Comorbidity Survey
Ronald C. Kessler,Katherine A. McGonagle,Shanyang Zhao,Christopher B. Nelson,Michael R. Hughes,Suzann Eshleman,Hans-Ulrich Wittchen,Kenneth S. Kendler +7 more
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Adolescence-limited and life-course-persistent antisocial behavior: A developmental taxonomy.
TL;DR: It is suggested that delinquency conceals 2 distinct categories of individuals, each with a unique natural history and etiology: a small group engages in antisocial behavior of 1 sort or another at every life stage, whereas a larger group is antisocial only during adolescence.
Journal ArticleDOI
National Institute of Mental Health diagnostic interview schedule: Its history, characteristics, and validity.
TL;DR: In this article, a new interview schedule allows lay interviewers or clinicians to make psychiatric diagnoses according to DSM-III criteria, Feighner criteria, and Research Diagnostic Criteria.
Book
Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General
TL;DR: It is made evident that the neuroscience of mental health-a term that encompasses studies extending from molecular events to psychological, behavioral, and societal phenomena-has emerged as one of the most exciting arenas of scientific activity and human inquiry.