Journal ArticleDOI
Processing Limitations in Children With Specific Language Impairment: The Role of Executive Function
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The findings supported the premise that mental attention predicted language competence, but that this relationship was mediated partially by updating.Abstract:
Research suggests that children with specific language impairment (SLI) have processing limitations; however, the mechanisms involved have not been well defined or investigated in a theory-guided manner. The theory of constructive operators was used as a framework to explore processes underlying limited processing capacity in children with SLI. Mental attentional capacity, mental attentional interruption, and 2 specific executive functions (shifting and updating) were examined in 45 children with SLI and 45 children with normally developing language, aged 7 to 12 years. The results revealed overall group differences in performance on measures of mental attention, interruption, and updating, but not shifting. The findings supported the premise that mental attention predicted language competence, but that this relationship was mediated partially by updating.read more
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Executive Functions after Age 5: Changes and Correlates
TL;DR: This review paper outlines the importance of examining EF throughout childhood, and even across the lifespan, and the role of school-age children's EF in various aspects of school performance, as well as social functioning and emotional control.
Journal ArticleDOI
Working Memory and Specific Language Impairment: An Update on the Relation and Perspectives on Assessment and Treatment
TL;DR: The intent is to provide researchers and practicing clinicians a conceptual framework within which the association between WM and language limitations of children with SLI can be understood and potentially helpful suggestions for assessing and treating the memory-language difficulties ofChildren with SLI.
Journal ArticleDOI
Executive functioning in children with specific language impairment
TL;DR: A comprehensive investigation of EF in this population of children with language impairments showed marked difficulties on a range of EF tasks, present even when adjustments were made for their verbal abilities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Complex Sentence Comprehension and Working Memory in Children With Specific Language Impairment
TL;DR: Comprehension of both complex and simple grammar by school-age children with SLI is a mentally demanding activity, requiring significant working memory resources.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sustained attention in children with specific language impairment (SLI).
TL;DR: Children with SLI may have reduced capacity for sustained attention in the absence of clinically significant attention deficits that, over time, could contribute to language learning difficulties.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex "Frontal Lobe" tasks: a latent variable analysis.
Akira Miyake,Naomi P. Friedman,Michael J. Emerson,Alexander H. Witzki,Amy Howerter,Tor D. Wager +5 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that it is important to recognize both the unity and diversity ofExecutive functions and that latent variable analysis is a useful approach to studying the organization and roles of executive functions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Individual differences in working memory and reading
TL;DR: The reading span, the number of final words recalled, varied from two to five for 20 college students and was correlated with three reading comprehension measures, including verbal SAT and tests involving fact retrieval and pronominal reference.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exploring the Central Executive
TL;DR: The central executive component of working memory is a poorly specified and very powerful system that could be criticized as little more than a homunculus as discussed by the authors and a research strategy is outlined that attempts to specify and analyse its component functions and is illustrated with four lines of research.
Journal ArticleDOI
Temporal dynamics of brain activation during a working memory task
Jonathan D. Cohen,Jonathan D. Cohen,William M. Perlstein,Todd S. Braver,Leigh E. Nystrom,Douglas C. Noll,John Jonides,Edward E. Smith +7 more
TL;DR: Functional magnetic resonance imaging is used to examine brain activation in human subjects during performance of a working memory task and to show that prefrontal cortex along with parietal cortex appears to play a role in active maintenance.