Journal ArticleDOI
Quantitative determinants of the outcome of asymptomatic mitral regurgitation
Maurice Enriquez-Sarano,Jean François Avierinos,David Messika-Zeitoun,Delphine Detaint,Maryann Capps,Vuyisile T. Nkomo,Christopher G. Scott,Hartzell V. Schaff,A. Jamil Tajik +8 more
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TLDR
Quantitative grading of mitral Regurgitation is a powerful predictor of the clinical outcome of asymptomatic mitral regurgitation and patients with an effective regurgitant orifice of at least 40 mm2 should promptly be considered for cardiac surgery.Abstract:
background The clinical outcome of asymptomatic mitral regurgitation is poorly defined, and the treatment is uncertain. We studied the effect on the outcome of quantifying mitral regurgitation according to recent guidelines. methods We prospectively enrolled 456 patients (mean [±SD] age, 63±14 years; 63 percent men; ejection fraction, 70±8 percent) with asymptomatic organic mitral regurgitation, quantified according to current recommendations (regurgitant volume, 66±40 ml per beat; effective regurgitant orifice, 40±27 mm 2 ). results The estimated five-year rates (±SE) of death from any cause, death from cardiac causes, and cardiac events (death from cardiac causes, heart failure, or new atrial fibrillation) with medical management were 22±3 percent, 14±3 percent, and 33±3 percent, respectively. Independent determinants of survival were increasing age, the presence of diabetes, and increasing effective regurgitant orifice (adjusted risk ratio per 10-mm 2 increment, 1.18; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.06 to 1.30; P<0.01), the predictive power of which superseded all other qualitative and quantitative measures of regurgitation. Patients with an effective regurgitant orifice of at least 40 mm 2 had a five-year survival rate that was lower than expected on the basis of U.S. Census data (58±9 percent vs. 78 percent, P=0.03). As compared with patients with a regurgitant orifice of less than 20 mm 2 , those with an orifice of at least 40 mm 2 had an increased risk of death from any cause (adjusted risk ratio, 2.90; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.33 to 6.32; P<0.01), death from cardiac causes (adjusted risk ratio, 5.21; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.98 to 14.40; P<0.01), and cardiac events (adjusted risk ratio, 5.66; 95 percent confidence interval, 3.07 to 10.56; P<0.01). Cardiac surgery was ultimately performed in 232 patients and was independently associated with improved survival (adjusted risk ratio, 0.28; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.14 to 0.55; P<0.01). conclusions Quantitative grading of mitral regurgitation is a powerful predictor of the clinical outcome of asymptomatic mitral regurgitation. Patients with an effective regurgitant orifice of at least 40 mm 2 should promptly be considered for cardiac surgery.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Comparative Histopathological Analysis of Mitral Valves in Barlow Disease and Fibroelastic Deficiency
Jesper Hjortnaes,Josh Keegan,Patrick Bruneval,Eugenia Schwartz,Frederick J. Schoen,Alain Carpentier,Robert A. Levine,Albert Hagège,Elena Aikawa +8 more
TL;DR: Quantitative immunohistopathological analyses demonstrated distinct changes between BD and FED valves: predominant matrix degradation in BD and increased profibrotic signaling pathways in FED, indicating that Barlow disease and fibroelastic deficiency are 2 different entities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quantitation of valve regurgitation severity by three-dimensional vena contracta area is superior to flow convergence method of quantitation on transesophageal echocardiography.
TL;DR: Measurement of three‐dimensional (3D) vena contracta area (VCA) accurately grades mitral regurgitation (MR) severity on transthoracic echocardiography (TTE).
Journal ArticleDOI
Mitral Valve Prolapse: Multimodality Imaging and Genetic Insights.
TL;DR: The review details the recent genetic discoveries that have increased the understanding of the pathophysiology of MVP, with clues to mechanisms and therapy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hemodynamic Characteristics in Significant Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Primary Mitral Valve Regurgitation at Rest and During Exercise.
Rine Bakkestrøm,Ann Banke,Nicolaj Lyhne Christensen,Redi Pecini,Akhmadjon Irmukhamedov,Mads Schaarup Andersen,Barry A. Borlaug,Jacob E. Møller +7 more
TL;DR: Symptoms in patients with severe mitral valve regurgitation relate to congestion (pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and PAP), but not to peak oxygen consumption, which is determined by forward left ventricular stroke volume.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
ACC/AHA 2006 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease
Robert O. Bonow,Blase A. Carabello,Kanu Chatterjee,Antonio C. de Leon,David P. Faxon,Michael D. Freed,William H. Gaasch,Bruce W. Lytle,Rick A. Nishimura,Patrick T. O'Gara,Robert A. O'Rourke,Catherine M Otto,Pravin M. Shah,Jack S. Shanewise +13 more
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Nelson B. Schiller,P. M. Shah,Michael H. Crawford,Anthony N. DeMaria,Richard B. Devereux,Harvey Feigenbaum,H. Gutgesell,Nathaniel Reichek,David J. Sahn,Ingela Schnittger +9 more
TL;DR: It is the opinion that current technology justifies the clinical use of the quantitative two-dimensional methods described in this article and the routine reporting of left ventricular ejection fraction, diastolic volume, mass, and wall motion score.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recommendations for evaluation of the severity of native valvular regurgitation with two-dimensional and doppler echocardiography
William A. Zoghbi,Maurice Enriquez-Sarano,Elyse Foster,Paul A. Grayburn,Carol D. Kraft,Robert A. Levine,Petros Nihoyannopoulos,Catherine M Otto,Miguel A. Quinones,Harry Rakowski,William J. Stewart,Alan D. Waggoner,Neil J. Weissman +12 more
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Survival after the onset of congestive heart failure in Framingham Heart Study subjects.
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