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Journal ArticleDOI

Random early detection gateways for congestion avoidance

TLDR
Red gateways are designed to accompany a transport-layer congestion control protocol such as TCP and have no bias against bursty traffic and avoids the global synchronization of many connections decreasing their window at the same time.
Abstract
The authors present random early detection (RED) gateways for congestion avoidance in packet-switched networks. The gateway detects incipient congestion by computing the average queue size. The gateway could notify connections of congestion either by dropping packets arriving at the gateway or by setting a bit in packet headers. When the average queue size exceeds a present threshold, the gateway drops or marks each arriving packet with a certain probability, where the exact probability is a function of the average queue size. RED gateways keep the average queue size low while allowing occasional bursts of packets in the queue. During congestion, the probability that the gateway notifies a particular connection to reduce its window is roughly proportional to that connection's share of the bandwidth through the gateway. RED gateways are designed to accompany a transport-layer congestion control protocol such as TCP. The RED gateway has no bias against bursty traffic and avoids the global synchronization of many connections decreasing their window at the same time. Simulations of a TCP/IP network are used to illustrate the performance of RED gateways. >

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Proceedings ArticleDOI

Fluid Flow Model of HSTCP

TL;DR: A fluid flow model is presented for the feedback control system of HSTCP and AQM by using Stochastic Differential equation, and one method of configuring of control parameters of RED is obtained.

An evaluation of TCP with explicit congestion notification

TL;DR: In this paper, a simulation sert a mesurer la performance du protocole TCP for des transferts declenches par un nombre variable d'hotes terminaux, quel que soit le schema de gestion de la file d'attente employe.
Journal ArticleDOI

A Cross-Layer Solution for Contention Control to Enhance TCP Performance in Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks

- 01 Jan 2023 - 
TL;DR: In this paper , a cross-layer solution for contention control (CSCC) is proposed to enhance TCP performance in WANETs, where the source node adjusts the congestion window (cwnd) size to a good state to control the insertion ratio of packets into the network.
Journal ArticleDOI

Analysis of Web Response Time on Queue Managements and Transmission Latency in Congested Network

TL;DR: Web response time depending on queue managements and transmission latencies in highly congested network situation is analyzed and RED scheme shows less response time than that of FIFO for the long latency case in high traffic intensity.
Journal ArticleDOI

Performance Evaluation of Controlling High Bandwidth Flows by RED-PD

TL;DR: Simulations with networks demonstrate that there are chances for RED-PD to enhance its work, by means of incorporating the test of unresponsive flows actively in response to changes in the packet drop rate.
References
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Book ChapterDOI

Probability Inequalities for sums of Bounded Random Variables

TL;DR: In this article, upper bounds for the probability that the sum S of n independent random variables exceeds its mean ES by a positive number nt are derived for certain sums of dependent random variables such as U statistics.
Journal ArticleDOI

Congestion avoidance and control

TL;DR: The measurements and the reports of beta testers suggest that the final product is fairly good at dealing with congested conditions on the Internet, and an algorithm recently developed by Phil Karn of Bell Communications Research is described in a soon-to-be-published RFC.
Book

Forecasting, Structural Time Series Models and the Kalman Filter

TL;DR: In this article, the Kalman filter and state space models were used for univariate structural time series models to estimate, predict, and smoothen the univariate time series model.
Posted Content

Forecasting, Structural Time Series Models and the Kalman Filter

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a unified and comprehensive theory of structural time series models, including a detailed treatment of the Kalman filter for modeling economic and social time series, and address the special problems which the treatment of such series poses.
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