Rates, timing and causes of neonatal deaths in rural India: implications for neonatal health programmes
Abdullah H Baqui,Gary L. Darmstadt,Elizabeth H. Williams,Vishwajeet Kumar,T. U. Kiran,D. Panwar,Vinod K. Srivastava,R.C. Ahuja,Robert E. Black,Mathuram Santosham +9 more
TLDR
Stillbirths and deaths on the day of birth represent a large proportion of perinatal and neonatal deaths, highlighting an urgent need to improve coverage with skilled birth attendants and to ensure access to emergency obstetric care.Abstract:
OBJECTIVE: To assess the rates, timing and causes of neonatal deaths and the burden of stillbirths in rural Uttar Pradesh, India. We discuss the implications of our findings for neonatal interventions. METHODS: We used verbal autopsy interviews to investigate 1048 neonatal deaths and stillbirths. FINDINGS: There were 430 stillbirths reported, comprising 41% of all deaths in the sample. Of the 618 live births, 32% deaths were on the day of birth, 50% occurred during the first 3 days of life and 71% were during the first week. The primary causes of death on the first day of life (i.e. day 0) were birth asphyxia or injury (31%) and preterm birth (26%). During days 1-6, the most frequent causes of death were preterm birth (30%) and sepsis or pneumonia (25%). Half of all deaths caused by sepsis or pneumonia occurred during the first week of life. The proportion of deaths attributed to sepsis or pneumonia increased to 45% and 36% during days 7-13 and 14-27, respectively. CONCLUSION: Stillbirths and deaths on the day of birth represent a large proportion of perinatal and neonatal deaths, highlighting an urgent need to improve coverage with skilled birth attendants and to ensure access to emergency obstetric care. Health interventions to improve essential neonatal care and care-seeking behavior are also needed, particularly for preterm neonates in the early postnatal period.read more
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Causes of neonatal and child mortality in India: a nationally representative mortality survey.
Diego G. Bassani,Rajesh Kumar,Shally Awasthi,Shaun K. Morris,Vinod K. Paul,Anita Shet,Usha Ram,Michelle F Gaffey,Robert E. Black,Prabhat Jha +9 more
TL;DR: Five avoidable causes accounted for nearly 1·5 million child deaths in India in 2005, with substantial differences between regions and sexes, and expanded neonatal and intrapartum care, case management of diarrhoea and pneumonia, and addition of new vaccines to immunisation programmes could substantially reduce child deaths.
Journal ArticleDOI
Two million intrapartum-related stillbirths and neonatal deaths: where, why, and what can be done?
Joy E Lawn,Anne C C Lee,Mary V Kinney,Lynn M. Sibley,Wally Carlo,Vinod K. Paul,Robert Clive Pattinson,Gary L. Darmstadt,Gary L. Darmstadt +8 more
TL;DR: Intrapartum‐related neonatal deaths (“birth asphyxia”) are a leading cause of child mortality globally, outnumbering deaths from malaria, yet there is a lack of consensus on what works, especially in weak health systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neonatal resuscitation and immediate newborn assessment and stimulation for the prevention of neonatal deaths: a systematic review, meta-analysis and Delphi estimation of mortality effect
Anne C C Lee,Anne C C Lee,Simon Cousens,Stephen Wall,Susan Niermeyer,Gary L. Darmstadt,Gary L. Darmstadt,Waldemar A. Carlo,William J. Keenan,Zulfiqar A Bhutta,Christopher J. Gill,Joy E Lawn +11 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors conducted a systematic review for studies reporting relevant mortality or morbidity outcomes, using GRADE criteria adapted to provide a systematic approach to mortality effect estimates for the Lives Saved Tool (LiST).
Journal ArticleDOI
3.6 million neonatal deaths--what is progressing and what is not?
TL;DR: Progress for newborn health globally is reviewed, with a focus on the countries in which most deaths occur, and high-impact, feasible interventions to address these 3 causes are summarized, along with estimates of potential for lives saved.
Journal ArticleDOI
Burden of Neonatal Infections in Developing Countries A Review of Evidence From Community-Based Studies
Durrane Thaver,Anita K. M. Zaidi +1 more
TL;DR: Data indicate that a significant proportion of neonatal deaths in developing countries are due to infections, and current recommendations of hospitalization and parenteral therapy for managing neonatal infections are inadequately followed.
References
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