Journal ArticleDOI
Regulation of the fetal human adrenal cortex: effects of adrenocorticotropin on growth and function of monolayer cultures of fetal and definitive zone cells.
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It is indicated that steroidogenic agents induce in fetal zone cells steroid production characteristic of definitive and adult adrenocortical cells.Abstract:
Monolayer cultures have been prepared from both definitive and fetal zones of the human fetal adrenal cortex. Cultures from each zone consist predominately of adrenocortical cells, as determined by a specific morphological retraction response to ACTH, and by ACTH-induced inhibition of DNA synthesis and cell proliferation. Cell growth was stimulated by fibroblast growth factor. ACTH stimulated steroidogenesis in cells from each zone with an ED50 of 0.4–1.0 run and at a maximal concentration of 5 nM. Short term stimulation of less than 24 h with ACTH produced a pattern of steroid secretion that was characteristic of the zone of origin. Definitive zone cultures produced both cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone plus its sulfate (DHA/S), with cortisol production exceeding DHA/S production. Fetal zone cultures produced more DHA/S than cortisol. 3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, Δ4,5-isomerase enzyme activity was 3-fold less in fetal than in definitive zone cultures. Long term stimulation of 1–4 days with ACTH, 8...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Developmental and functional biology of the primate fetal adrenal cortex.
Sam Mesiano,Robert B. Jaffe +1 more
TL;DR: Function of the human and rhesus monkey fetal adrenal cortical zones has been reexamined by assessing the localization and ontogeny of steroidogenic enzyme expression and it is considered that the fetal zone is the primary source of DHEA-S, and that its steroidogenic activity is regulated by ACTH.
Journal ArticleDOI
Adrenocortical cell lines
TL;DR: The current review will discuss the attributes and limitations of the currently available adrenocortical cell lines as models for adrenal studies and focus is placed on the human NCI-H295 and mouse Y-1 adrenal cell lines, which have been used extensively as adrenal model systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
The zona reticularis is the site of biosynthesis of dehydroepiandrosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate in the adult human adrenal cortex resulting from its low expression of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
TL;DR: The most likely cause of the age-related decline in adrenal androgen biosynthesis is an age- related decline in the number of functional reticularis cells, without a major change in the differentiated properties of the zonal cells as a function of age.
Journal ArticleDOI
Regulation of the primate fetal adrenal cortex.
TL;DR: In vivo investigations have shown that a multifactorial regulation of the fetal adrenal exists in utero in which PRL and perhaps other peptides as well as ACTH selectively stimulate fetal adrenAL androgen production.
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of lipid peroxidation and biological antioxidants in the function of the adrenal cortex. Part 2
TL;DR: It will be suggested that, while lipid peroxidation is a process against which the adrenocortical cell must protect itself, it may also play a unique role in determining the differentiated properties of the adrenal cortex.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Nucleotide sequence of cloned cDNA for bovine corticotropin-beta-lipotropin precursor.
Shigetada Nakanishi,Akira Inoue,Toru Kita,Masahiro Nakamura,Annie C. Y. Chang,Stanley N. Cohen,Shosaku Numa +6 more
TL;DR: The nucleotide sequence of a 1,091-base pair cloned cDNA insert encoding bovine corticotropin-β-lipotropin precursor mRNA indicates that the precursor protein consists of repetitive units and includes a third melanotropin sequence in its cryptic portion.
Journal ArticleDOI
Purification of the fibroblast growth factor activity from bovine brain.
TL;DR: The brain FGF peptides, like pituitary FGF, are mitogenic in vitro for the same wide variety of mesoderm-derived cells and are distinguished from the platelet factor isolated from platelets and from the cationic peptide isolated from serum.
Journal ArticleDOI
Restoration of Several Morphological Characteristics of Normal Fibroblasts in Sarcoma Cells Treated with Adenosine-3':5'-Cyclic Monophosphate and Its Derivatives
TL;DR: The data suggest that cyclic AMP may be an important factor in the determination of morphology of normal fibroblasts and this function may be lost or altered during transformation.
Journal Article
Clonal analysis of differentiated function in animal cell cultures. I. Possible correlated maintenance of differentiated function and the diploid karyotype.
TL;DR: Two types of clonal strains have been derived from adrenal tumor cultures and one is morphologically fibroblastic and does not perform adrenal-specific functions and the other is epithelial in morphology and is extensively similar in properties to normal adrenal cortex.
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