Q2. What are the contributions mentioned in the paper "Reliability of four models for clinical gait analysis author" ?
Before any new model can be used in a clinical setting, its reliability has to be evaluated and compared to a commonly used clinical gait model ( e. g. Plug-in-Gait model ) which was the purpose of this study. The modified けェ ; キデヲンΓヲげ model which included all the joint rotations commonly reported in clinical 3DGA, showed reasonable reliable joint kinematic and kinetic estimates, and allows additional musculoskeletal analysis on surgically adjustable parameters, e. g. muscle-tendon lengths, and, therefore, is a suitable model for clinical gait analysis.
Q3. What was used to label and filter marker trajectories and filter force plate data?
Vicon Nexus 1.8.5 (Vicon Motion Systems, Oxford, UK) was used to label and filter marker trajectories and filter force plate data, with filters being a Butterworth 4th order zero-lag dual-pass, low pass filter with a cut-off frequency of 6Hz.
Q4. What is the reliability of the 3-1-1-DoF-IK model?
The 3-1-1-DoF-IK model reliability results indicated lower inter- and intra-test SDs for hip internalexternal rotation angles compared to the 3-3-2-DoF-IK model, suggesting that joint constraints, i.e. fewer degrees-of-freedom, might increase the reliability of joint kinematics when using IK.
Q5. What is the recent development of musculoskeletal modelling software?
In recent years, user friendly musculoskeletal modelling software (e.g. OpenSim [2] and AnyBody [3]) has emerged that additionally enables calculation of muscle-tendon length [4], muscle moment arm [5] and joint contact forces [6].
Q6. What was the proximal-lateral axis of the thigh ACS?
The medial-lateral axis was perpendicular to the previous axis inplane with a virtual point defined by the height adjusted 5th metatarsal head marker(height was set equal to the toe marker during the static pose).
Q7. What is the common method used to calculate joint kinematics?
Many clinical gait laboratories rely on the conventional gait analysis model [7, 8], which employs a computational method termed Direct Kinematics (DK) to calculate joint kinematics.
Q8. What is the common model in clinical 3DGA?
The commonly used model in clinical 3DGA is however the conventional gait model, which outputs three rotations for the knee joint and, therefore, the 3-1-1-DoF-IK model would not be suitable in many clinical settings.
Q9. What was the kinematics of the knee?
1. The Vicon Plug-in-Gait (PiG-DK) model [7, 8], a variant of the conventional gait analysismodel, used DK to calculate joint kinematics and outputs three rotations for the pelvissegment, hip and knee joint and two rotations for the ankle joint.
Q10. What is the reason why patients with CP use the conventional gait model?
Their confidence in using the conventional gait model is in part due to the demonstrated reliability of kinematic and kinetic data, which suggests that the magnitude of the errors obtained using this model are clinically reasonable [9].
Q11. What was the modified Harrington regression equations used to define the hip joint centre?
The modified Harrington regression equations,using only pelvic width as a regressor [15-17], were used to define the hip joint centre.
Q12. What is the way to define the knee wands?
Accurate and reliable placement of these wand marker is challenging [28] and errors in the definition of the knee flexion-extension axis can significantly impact on knee internal-external rotations [29].