Responses of midlatitude blocks and wave amplitude to changes in the meridional temperature gradient in an idealized dry GCM
TLDR
In this article, the response of atmospheric blocks and the wave amplitude of midlatitude jets to changes in the mid-latitude to pole, near-surface temperature difference (ΔT) was studied using an idealized dry general circulation model (GCM) with Held-Suarez forcing.Abstract:
The response of atmospheric blocks and the wave amplitude of midlatitude jets to changes in the midlatitude to pole, near-surface temperature difference (ΔT), is studied using an idealized dry general circulation model (GCM) with Held-Suarez forcing. Decreasing ΔT results in slower zonal winds, a mean state with reduced meridional gradient of the 500 hPa geopotential height (Z500), a smaller variance of Z500 anomalies, and a robust decrease in blocks and meridional amplitude of waves. Neglecting the decrease of variance associated with reduced ΔT would lead to the incorrect expectation that mean states with smaller Z500 gradients produce more blocks and higher wave amplitudes. Our results suggest further investigation of the hypothesis that reduced ΔT due to Arctic Amplification would increase blocking events and wave amplitude, hence leading to more midlatitude extreme weather events.read more
Citations
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More Evidence Linking Arctic Amplification to Extreme Weather in Mid-Latitudes
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed daily fields of 500-hPa heights from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction Reanalysis over N. America and the N. Atlantic to assess changes in north-south (Rossby) wave characteristics associated with Arctic amplification and the relaxation of poleward thickness gradients.
Journal ArticleDOI
The impact of Arctic warming on the midlatitude jet‐stream: Can it? Has it? Will it?
TL;DR: The authors argue that one point of confusion has arisen due to ambiguities in the exact question being posed and argue that framing the discussion around the three questions: Can it?, Has it?, and Will it? provides insight into the common themes emerging in the literature as well as highlights the challenges ahead.
Response of the zonal mean atmospheric circulation to El Nino versus global warming
TL;DR: In contrast to the strengthening and contraction of the Hadley cell and the equatorward shift of the tropospheric zonal jets in response to El Nino forcing, the hadley cell weakens and expands poleward, and the jets move poleward in a warmed climate, despite the projected “El Nino-like” enhanced warming over the equatorial central and eastern Pacific.
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Mechanisms of Stratospheric and Tropospheric Circulation Response to Projected Arctic Sea Ice Loss
TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of projected Arctic sea ice loss on the atmospheric circulation is investigated using the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM), a model with a well-resolved stratosphere.
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Importance of latent heat release in ascending air streams for atmospheric blocking
TL;DR: In this paper, a Lagrangian approach applied to reanalysis data shows that a large fraction of air masses are heated before entering a blocking system, pointing to a role for latent heating.
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Evidence linking Arctic amplification to extreme weather in mid‐latitudes
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed daily fields of 500-hPa heights from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction Reanalysis over N. America and the N. Atlantic to assess changes in north-south (Rossby) wave characteristics associated with Arctic amplification and the relaxation of poleward thickness gradients.
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