Saharan dust storms and indirect aerosol effects on clouds: CRYSTAL-FACE results
TLDR
A recent field experiment in southern Florida using aircraft and polarization lidar shows that mineral dust particles transported from Saharan Africa are effective ice nuclei, apparently capable of glaciating a mildly supercooled (−5.2° to −8.8°C) altocumulus cloud as mentioned in this paper.Abstract:
[1] A recent field experiment in southern Florida using aircraft and polarization lidar shows that mineral dust particles transported from Saharan Africa are effective ice nuclei, apparently capable of glaciating a mildly supercooled (−5.2° to −8.8°C) altocumulus cloud. These results are similar to those from Asian dust storm particles observed over the western US, suggesting that in the northern hemisphere major dust storms play a role in modulating climate through the indirect aerosol effect on cloud properties. If this is true of desert dusts in general, then even minor aeolian emissions could have an effect on regional weather and climate.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Global indirect aerosol effects: a review
Ulrike Lohmann,Johann Feichter +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of aerosols on the climate system are discussed and different approaches how the climatic implications of these effects can be estimated globally as well as improvements that are needed in global climate models in order to better represent indirect aerosol effects are discussed.
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African Droughts and Dust Transport to the Caribbean: Climate Change Implications
Joseph M. Prospero,Peter J. Lamb +1 more
TL;DR: Regression estimates based on long-term rainfall data suggest that dust concentrations were sharply lower during much of the 20th century before 1970, when rainfall was more normal.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ice nucleation by particles immersed in supercooled cloud droplets
TL;DR: Aerosol species which have been identified in the past as potentially important ice nuclei are introduced and their ice-nucleating ability when immersed in a supercooled droplet is addressed and the importance of ice nucleation by different aerosol types is estimated.
Journal ArticleDOI
African Dust Aerosols as Atmospheric Ice Nuclei
Paul J. DeMott,Kenneth Sassen,Michael R. Poellot,Darrel Baumgardner,David C. Rogers,Sarah D. Brooks,Anthony J. Prenni,Sonia M. Kreidenweis +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the ice nucleating ability of aerosol particles in air masses over Florida having sources from North Africa has been measured, and the concentrations of ice nuclei within dust layers at particle sizes below 1 pn exceeded 1/cu cm.
Journal ArticleDOI
Impact of Aerosols on Convective Clouds and Precipitation
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of aerosols on convective precipitation processes has been studied in the context of cloud resolution models (CRMs) and the results from (CRM) simulations.
References
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A satellite view of aerosols in the climate system
TL;DR: Increases in aerosol concentration and changes in their composition, driven by industrialization and an expanding population, may adversely affect the Earth's climate and water supply.
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Characterization of tropospheric aerosols over the oceans with the NOAA advanced very high resolution radiometer optical thickness operational product
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African Dust Aerosols as Atmospheric Ice Nuclei
Paul J. DeMott,Kenneth Sassen,Michael R. Poellot,Darrel Baumgardner,David C. Rogers,Sarah D. Brooks,Anthony J. Prenni,Sonia M. Kreidenweis +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the ice nucleating ability of aerosol particles in air masses over Florida having sources from North Africa has been measured, and the concentrations of ice nuclei within dust layers at particle sizes below 1 pn exceeded 1/cu cm.
Journal ArticleDOI
Desert dust suppressing precipitation: A possible desertification feedback loop
TL;DR: Using satellite and aircraft observations, it is shown that clouds forming within desert dust contain small droplets and produce little precipitation by drop coalescence, suggesting a possible mechanism for the diminished rainfall.
Journal ArticleDOI
Long‐term measurements of the transport of African mineral dust to the southeastern United States: Implications for regional air quality
TL;DR: In this paper, daily aerosol sampling carried out at a coastal site in Miami, Florida, for the past 23 years shows that large quantities of African mineral dust are periodically carried into Florida every summer, yielding daily concentrations in the range of about 10 μgm−3 to 100 μg m−3.