Journal ArticleDOI
Seasonal variations of NOM composition and their reactivity in a low humic water
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In this article, the HPO fraction was the primary THM precursor, which contributed more than 48%, and while the primary fraction of HAA precursors was found to be TPI, accounting for more than 47% of total HAAFP with exceptions in January 2011.Abstract:
Natural organic matter (NOM) and its potential to form disinfection by-products (DBPs) during water treatment are of great public health concern. Understanding the seasonal changes in NOM composition and their reactivity in DBP formation could lead to a better treatment of drinking water and a more consistent water quality. NOM from the Terkos Lake was fractionated and characterized by XAD resin adsorption and ultrafiltration (UF) techniques during four different seasons within a year. XAD fraction analysis indicates that the HPI (38%) and the TPI (21%) were the dominant chemical fractions as DOC masses across the sampling period. Moreover, the fractions contributing to the most UV254 absorbance were HPO, which accounted for more than 72% of total UV254. It was found that the percentages of UV254 of HPI and TPI showed significant amount of variation with coefficients of variation of 48% (HPI) and 35% (TPI), respectively. Moreover, it was concluded that the HPO fraction was the primary THM precursor, which contributed more than 48%, and while the primary fraction of HAA precursors was found to be TPI, accounting for more than 47% of total HAAFP with exceptions in January 2011. As obviously seen in this study, the hydrophobic constituents in Terkos Lake water are on the low end of the spectrum in terms of their reactivity to form HAAs. In the context of THM reactivity, the physical properties (i.e., moleculer size) of Terkos Lake NOM are more important than their chemical properties (i.e., aromaticity). On the other hand, the predominant fraction as the source of HAAs precursors was found to be with the TPI and HPI chemical fractions. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 33: 962–971, 2014read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
THM and HAA formation from NOM in raw and treated surface waters
D M Golea,A. Upton,Peter Jarvis,Graeme Moore,S. Sutherland,Simon A. Parsons,Simon J. Judd,Simon J. Judd +7 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that fractionation offers little benefit in attempting to discern or predict chlorinated carbonaceous DBP yield for the waters across the geographical region studied.
Journal ArticleDOI
Influence of granular activated carbon media properties on natural organic matter and disinfection by-product precursor removal from drinking water.
D M Golea,Peter Jarvis,Bruce Jefferson,Graeme Moore,S. Sutherland,Simon A. Parsons,Simon J. Judd +6 more
TL;DR: GAC media showed no selectivity for specific removal of precursors of regulated DBPs; DBP formation was a simple function of residual dissolved organic carbon levels, and UV254 was found to be a good surrogate measurement of DBPFP for an untreated water source having a high DOC.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characteristics of molecular weight distribution of dissolved organic matter in bromide-containing water and disinfection by-product formation properties during treatment processes.
TL;DR: The results of ANOVA tests suggested that molecular sizes and treatment processes have significant influence on DBP formation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Electrocoagulation and ultrasonic removal of humic acid from wastewater
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of five combinations of platinum, graphite, and aluminum electrodes, pH, time, voltage, temperature, and concentration of electrolyte on removal efficiency were evaluated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Haloacetonitriles and haloacetamides precursors in filter backwash and sedimentation sludge water during drinking water treatment.
TL;DR: In this article, the lowest molecular weight ultrafiltration fraction (LWCUF) was obtained for both HAN and Haloacetamides in filter backwash water (FBW) and sedimentation sludge water (SSW).
References
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James L Weishaar,George R. Aiken,Brian A. Bergamaschi,Miranda S. Fram,Roger Fujii,Kenneth Mopper +5 more
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TL;DR: The drop impact sampler developed by the Bureau of Mines is based on the stain technique for measuring airborne drops and makes it possible to determine rates of depositions and spatial concentrations.
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Comprehensive approach to preparative isolation and fractionation of dissolved organic carbon from natural waters and wastewaters.
TL;DR: In this preliminary study, it is demonstrated that dechlorination with sulfur dioxide is an effective means to reduce the toxicity of chlorine to striped bass eggs and larvae in an estuarine system.
Journal ArticleDOI
Isolation of hydrophilic organic acids from water using nonionic macroporous resins
TL;DR: In this paper, a method was developed for the isolation of hydrophilic organic acids from aquatic environments using Amberlite ∗ XAD-4 resins in series using a two column array of XAD 8 and XAD 4 resins.