Journal ArticleDOI
Sex, cheating, and disgust: enhanced source memory for trait information that violates gender stereotypes.
Meike Kroneisen,Raoul Bell +1 more
TLDR
The atypicality effect generalises beyond social-exchange-relevant information, a result which is inconsistent with the assumption that the findings can be ascribed to a highly specific cheater detection module.Abstract:
The present study examines memory for social-exchange-relevant information. In Experiment 1 male and female faces were shown together with behaviour descriptions of cheating, altruistic, and neutral behaviour. Previous results have led to the hypothesis that people preferentially remember schema-atypical information. Given the common gender stereotype that women are kinder and less egoistic than men, this atypicality account would predict that source memory (that is, memory for the type of context to which a face was associated) should be enhanced for female cheaters in comparison to male cheaters. The results of Experiment 1 confirmed this hypothesis. Experiment 2 reveals that source memory for female faces associated with disgusting behaviours is enhanced in comparison to male faces associated with disgusting behaviours. Thus the atypicality effect generalises beyond social-exchange-relevant information, a result which is inconsistent with the assumption that the findings can be ascribed to a highly spe...read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
What did you do yesterday? A meta-analysis of sex differences in episodic memory.
TL;DR: Results suggest that men may use their spatial advantage in spatially demanding episodic memory tasks, whereas women do well in episodic memories that are verbalizable and tasks that are neither verbal nor spatial, such as remembering faces and odors/tastes/colors.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Gendered Family Process Model: An Integrative Framework of Gender in the Family.
TL;DR: The review and the GFP model confirm that gender is an important organizer of family processes, but also highlight that much is still unclear about the mechanisms underlying gender-related processes within the family context.
Journal ArticleDOI
The magnitude of sex differences in verbal episodic memory increases with social progress: Data from 54 countries across 40 years.
TL;DR: Although all three social progress indicators were positively associated with the female advantage in verbal episodic memory performance, only population education and employment remained significant when considering the social indicators together.
Journal ArticleDOI
Appearance-based first impressions and person memory.
TL;DR: The results show that person memory is consistently affected by different kinds of social expectations, supporting the idea that the mechanisms determining memory performance generalize beyond exchange-relevant reputational and emotional information.
Journal ArticleDOI
Memory for faces: the effect of facial appearance and the context in which the face is encountered
TL;DR: The findings suggest that facial appearance (i.e., perceived trustworthiness) affects face memory and support prior evidence that the engagement of emotion processing during memory encoding increases the likelihood that events are not only recognized but also remembered.
References
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G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences
TL;DR: G*Power 3 provides improved effect size calculators and graphic options, supports both distribution-based and design-based input modes, and offers all types of power analyses in which users might be interested.
Book
The Evolution of Cooperation
TL;DR: In this paper, a model based on the concept of an evolutionarily stable strategy in the context of the Prisoner's Dilemma game was developed for cooperation in organisms, and the results of a computer tournament showed how cooperation based on reciprocity can get started in an asocial world, can thrive while interacting with a wide range of other strategies, and can resist invasion once fully established.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Evolution of Reciprocal Altruism
TL;DR: In this paper, a model is presented to account for the natural selection of what is termed reciprocally altruistic behavior, and the model shows how selection can operate against the cheater (non-reciprocator) in the system.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bad is Stronger than Good
TL;DR: The authors found that bad is stronger than good, as a general principle across a broad range of psychological phenomena, such as bad emotions, bad parents, bad feedback, and bad information is processed more thoroughly than good.
Bad is stronger than good
Catrin Finkenauer,Peter Kerkhof +1 more
TL;DR: This paper found that bad is stronger than good, as a general principle across a broad range of psychological phenomena, such as bad emotions, bad parents, bad feedback, and bad information is processed more thoroughly than good.