Significant differences in the material properties between aged human and porcine aortic tissues
Caitlin Martin,Thuy Pham,Wei Sun +2 more
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Aged human aortic tissues were significantly stiffer than the corresponding porcine tissues in both the circumferential and longitudinal directions, which raises questions on the validity of using porCine models to investigate the biomechanics involved in PAV intervention.Abstract:
Objective:Currently,percutaneousaorticvalve(PAV)replacementdevicesarebeinginvestigatedtotreataorticstenosisinpatientsdeemedto be of too high a risk for conventional open-chest surgery. Successful PAV deployment and function are heavily reliant on the tissue—stent interaction. Many PAV feasibility trials have been conducted with porcine models under the assumption that these tissues are similar to human; however, this assumption may not be valid. The goal of this study was to characterize and compare the biomechanical properties of aged human and porcine aortic tissues. Methods: The biaxial mechanical properties of the left coronary sinus, right coronary sinus, non-coronary sinus, and ascending aorta of eight aged human (90.1 � 6.8 years) and 10 porcine (6—9 months) hearts were quantified. Tissue structure was analyzed via histological techniques. Results: Aged human aortic tissues were significantly stiffer than the corresponding porcine tissues in both the circumferential and longitudinal directions (p < 0.001). In addition, the nearly linear stress—strain behavior of the porcine tissues, compared with the highly nonlinear response of the human tissues at a low strain range, suggested structural differences between the aortic tissues from these two species. Histological analysis revealed that porcine samples were composed of more elastin and less collagen fibers than the respective human samples. Conclusions: Significant material and structural differences were observed between the human and porcine tissues, which raise questions on the validity of using porcine models to investigate the biomechanics involved in PAV intervention. # 2010 European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.read more
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References
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Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation for the Treatment of Severe Symptomatic Aortic Stenosis in Patients at Very High or Prohibitive Surgical Risk: Acute and Late Outcomes of the Multicenter Canadian Experience
Josep Rodés-Cabau,John G. Webb,Anson Cheung,Jian Ye,Eric Dumont,Christopher M. Feindel,Mark Osten,Madhu K. Natarajan,James L. Velianou,Giuseppe Martucci,Benoit DeVarennes,Robert J. Chisholm,Mark D. Peterson,Samuel V. Lichtenstein,Fabian Nietlispach,Daniel Doyle,Robert DeLarochellière,Kevin Teoh,Victor Chu,Adrian Dancea,Kevin Lachapelle,Asim N. Cheema,David A. Latter,Eric Horlick +23 more
TL;DR: A TAVI program including both TF and TA approaches was associated with comparable mortality as predicted by surgical risk calculators for the treatment of patients at very high or prohibitive surgical risk, including porcelain aorta and frail patients.
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Role of mechanical stress in calcification of aortic bioprosthetic valves
TL;DR: It is concluded that mechanical stresses initiate calcification by damaging the structural integrity of the leaflet tissue and calcification of bioprostheses can be inhibited by reducing functional stresses through the modification of design and tissue properties to duplicate those of the natural aortic valve.
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Biologic determinants of dystrophic calcification and osteocalcin deposition in glutaraldehyde-preserved porcine aortic valve leaflets implanted subcutaneously in rats.
TL;DR: Examining the biologic determinants of this type of dystrophic calcification using subcutaneous implants of glutaraldehyde-preserved porcine aortic valve leaflets in rats found that GPVs calcified progressively, with mineral deposition occurring in a morphologic pattern comparable to that noted in clinical retrievals.
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Michael S. Sacks,Wei Sun +1 more
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Percutaneous aortic valve replacement: an experimental study. I. Studies on implantation
Georg Lutter,Daniela Kuklinski,Georg Berg,Patrick von Samson,Juergen Martin,Michael Handke,P. Uhrmeister,Friedhelm Beyersdorf +7 more
TL;DR: Aortic valved stents can be successfully implanted without thoracotomy by using a transluminal catheter technique and long-term function of the valves remains to be established.
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