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Spectrophotometric Method for Estimation of Alkaloids Precipitable with Dragendorff's Reagent in Plant Materials

TLDR
A rapid, easy, and simple spectrophotometric method was developed for the estimation of total alkaloids precipitated by Dragendorff's reagent (DR) in plant materials based on the formation of yellow bismuth complex in nitric acid medium with thiourea.
Abstract
A rapid, easy, and simple spectrophotometric method was developed for the estimation of total alkaloids precipitated by Dragendorff's reagent (DR) in plant materials. It is based on the formation of yellow bismuth complex in nitric acid medium with thiourea. The yellow-colored complex formed obeys Lambert-Beer's law in the concentration range of 0.06-50 microg/mL with lambdamax at 435 nm. Using this method, the alkaloidal percentage of certain alkaloids (ajamalicine, papaverine, cinchonine, piperine, berberine) and some plant materials containing alkaloids (Berberis aristata, Solanum nigrum, and Piper longum) were determined. The method was compared with other methods. It can be used for routine analysis of commercial samples by industries dealing with herbal drugs for standardization of plant materials containing alkaloids and for alkaloid-containing pharmaceutical products.

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Trending Questions (2)
The test using Dragendorff's reagent is used to identify specific compounds in plants?

Yes, the spectrophotometric method using Dragendorff's reagent helps estimate alkaloids in plant materials, aiding in identifying specific compounds like ajamalicine, papaverine, cinchonine, piperine, and berberine.

How to determine the total alkaloid in plants?

Total alkaloids in plants can be determined spectrophotometrically by precipitating with Dragendorff's reagent and forming a yellow bismuth complex, measurable at 435 nm, following Lambert-Beer's law.