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Journal ArticleDOI

Spontaneous emission spectrum in n-type GaAs excited by a 40 kV electron beam at different ambient temperatures†

01 Nov 1973-International Journal of Electronics (Taylor & Francis Group)-Vol. 35, Iss: 5, pp 691-696
TL;DR: In this article, the spontaneous emission spectrum in n-type GaAs of donor concentration 6 × 1017 cm−3 excited by a 40 kV electron beam at different ambient temperatures above 100°K is theoretically determined.
Abstract: The spontaneous emission spectrum in n-type GaAs of donor concentration 6 × 1017 cm−3 excited by a 40 kV electron beam at different ambient temperatures above 100°K is theoretically determined. The procedure of determination is justified through reasonable agreement of the temperature dependence of the peak emission energy and the half-width of spontaneous emission as obtained from the computed cathodo-luminescence spectra with that observed experimentally. It is also concluded that the procedure will be equally valid for temperatures below 100°K and for arbitrary values of the donor concentration provided that the diffusion lengths of the minority carriers and the absorption coefficients as appropriate to such temperatures and donor concentrations are known.
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TL;DR: In this article, a relation for the variation of the energy gap (E g ) with temperature (T ) in semiconductors is proposed. And the equation satisfactorily represents the experimental data for diamond, Si, Ge, 6H-SiC, GaAs, InP and InAs.
Abstract: A relation for the variation of the energy gap ( E g ) with temperature ( T ) in semiconductors is proposed. E g ≐ E 0 - αT 2 /( T + β ) where α and β are constants. The equation satisfactorily represents the experimental data for diamond, Si, Ge, 6H-SiC, GaAs, InP and InAs.

4,093 citations

Journal ArticleDOI

[...]

TL;DR: In this article, the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant and the function describing the energy loss of fast electrons traversing the materials are deduced from the Kramers-Kronig relations.
Abstract: Reflectance data are presented for Si, Ge, GaP, GaAs, InAs, and InSb in the range of photon energies between 1.5 and 25 eV. The real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant and the function describing the energy loss of fast electrons traversing the materials are deduced from the Kramers-Kronig relations. The results can be described in terms of interband transitions and plasma oscillations. A theory based on the frequency-dependent dielectric constant in the random phase approximation is presented and used to analyze these data above 12 eV, where the oscillator strengths coupling the valence and conduction bands are practically exhausted. The theory predicts and the experiments confirm essentially free electron-like behavior before the onset of $d$-band excitations and a plasma frequency modified from that of free electrons due to oscillator strength coupling between valence and $d$ bands and $d$-band screening effects. These complications are absent in Si. The energy loss functions obtained from optical and characteristic energy loss experiments are also found to be in good agreement. Arguments for interpreting structure in the reflectance curves above 16 eV in terms of $d$-band excitations are given.

1,739 citations

Journal ArticleDOI

[...]

Gordon J Lasher1, Frank Stern1
TL;DR: In this article, the spectral line shapes of the radiation produced by band-to-band recombination of excess carriers in semi-conductors are calculated under the assumption that the momentum matrix element is the same for all initial and final states, i.e., that there is no momentum selection rule.
Abstract: Spectral line shapes of the radiation produced by band-to-band recombination of excess carriers in semi-conductors are calculated under the assumption that the momentum matrix element is the same for all initial and final states, i.e., that there is no momentum selection rule. The peak of the stimulated radiation falls at a lower photon energy than does the peak of the spontaneous radiation, except when $T=0$\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. Some numerical results are given for simple parabolic bands, specifically for the case of electron injection into $p$-type GaAs, and are used to deduce the temperature dependence of the forward current which is necessary to maintain a fixed gain in the active region of a diode. The result is closely related to the temperature dependence of the threshold current in an injection laser, and gives reasonable agreement with experiment. The effect of a conduction band tail is briefly considered.

645 citations

Journal ArticleDOI

[...]

TL;DR: In this article, a gathering of a small number of active scientists to discuss the physics of quantum electronics in a setting that would afford a maximum opportunity for close contact in a relaxed atmosphere with a minimum number of formally scheduled papers.
Abstract: The intent: to hold a gathering of a small number of active scientists to discuss the physics of quantum electronics in a setting that would afford a maximum opportunity for close contact in a relaxed atmosphere with a minimum number of formally scheduled papers.

581 citations

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01 Jan 1966

578 citations