Journal ArticleDOI
Susceptibility of herpes simplex virus type 1 to monoterpenes thymol, carvacrol, p-cymene and essential oils of Sinapis arvensis L., Lallemantia royleana Benth. and Pulicaria vulgaris Gaertn.
Javad Sharifi-Rad,Bahare Salehi,Paul Schnitzler,Seyed Abdolmajid Ayatollahi,F. Kobarfard,M Fathi,M Eisazadeh,M. Sharifi-Rad +7 more
TLDR
Thymol exhibited a high selectivity index and seems to be a promising candidate for topical therapeutic application as antiviral agent for treatment of herpetic infections.Abstract:
In recent years, with increased the prevalence of viral infections and having no specific for their treatment and also the continuous appearance of resistant viral strains, the finding of novel antiviral agents is necessary. In this study, monoterpenes of thymol, carvacrol, p-cymene and essential oils from Sinapis arvensis L., Lallemantia royleana Benth. and Pulicaria vulgaris Gaertn. were screened for their inhibitory effect against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in vitro on Vero cell line CCL-81-ATCC using a plaque reduction assay. The antiviral activity of three monoterpenes (thymol, carvacrol and p-cymene) and three essential oils were evaluated by cytotoxicity assay, direct plaque test. In addition, the modes of antiviral action of these compounds were investigated during the viral infection cycle. Results showed that the inhibitory concentrations (IC50) were determined at 0.002%, 0.037%, >0.1%, 0.035%, 0.018% and 0.001% for thymol, carvacrol, p-cymene, S. arvensis oil, L. royleana oil and P. vulgaris oil, respectively. A manifestly dose-dependent virucidal activity against HSV-1 could be exhibited for compounds tested. In order to determine the mode of the inhibitory effect, compounds were added at different stages during the viral infection cycle. At maximum noncytotoxic concentrations of the compounds, plaque formation was significantly reduced by more than 80% when HSV-1 was preincubated with p-cymene. However, no inhibitory effect could be observed when the compounds were added to the cells prior to infection with HSV-1 or after the adsorption period. Conclusion: These results indicate that compounds affected HSV-1 mostly before adsorption and might interact with the viral envelope. Thymol exhibited a high selectivity index and seems to be a promising candidate for topical therapeutic application as antiviral agent for treatment of herpetic infections.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Carvacrol and human health: A comprehensive review.
Mehdi Sharifi-Rad,Elena Maria Varoni,Marcello Iriti,Miquel Martorell,William N. Setzer,María del Mar Contreras,Bahare Salehi,Azam Soltani-Nejad,Sadegh Rajabi,Mercedeh Tajbakhsh,Javad Sharifi-Rad,Javad Sharifi-Rad +11 more
TL;DR: The present review illustrates the state‐of‐the‐art studies on the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties of CV.
Journal ArticleDOI
Thymol, thyme, and other plant sources: Health and potential uses
Bahare Salehi,Abhay Prakash Mishra,Ila Shukla,Mehdi Sharifi-Rad,María del Mar Contreras,Antonio Segura-Carretero,Hannane Fathi,Nafiseh Nasri Nasrabadi,Farzad Kobarfard,Javad Sharifi-Rad,Javad Sharifi-Rad +10 more
TL;DR: Thymol exhibits antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticarcinogenesis, anti‐inflammatory, and antispasmodic activities, as well as a potential as a growth enhancer and immunomodulator; these bioactivities have been covered.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antiulcer Agents: From Plant Extracts to Phytochemicals in Healing Promotion.
Mehdi Sharifi-Rad,Patrick Valere Tsouh Fokou,Farukh Sharopov,Miquel Martorell,Adedayo O. Ademiluyi,Jovana Rajkovic,Bahare Salehi,Natália Martins,Marcello Iriti,Javad Sharifi-Rad,Javad Sharifi-Rad +10 more
TL;DR: From traditional uses as herbal remedies to preclinical evidence, critically discussing the in vitro and in vivo studies focusing on plant extracts and even isolated phytochemicals with antiulcerogenic potential, comprehensively reviewed the plant sources used as antiulcers agents.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chemistry, bioactivities, mode of action and industrial applications of essential oils
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focused on disseminating the chemistry, pharmacology, modes of action as well as the applications of essential oils in various industries, focusing on the factors affecting their yield and composition as well and novel methods (micro-/nano-technology) that can be employed to optimize or potentiate their effects.
Journal ArticleDOI
Medicinal Plants Used in the Treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus.
Bahare Salehi,Nanjangud V. Anil Kumar,Bilge Sener,Mehdi Sharifi-Rad,Mehtap Kilic,Gail B. Mahady,Sanja Vlaisavljevic,Marcello Iriti,Farzad Kobarfard,William N. Setzer,Seyed Abdulmajid Ayatollahi,Seyed Abdulmajid Ayatollahi,Athar Ata,Javad Sharifi-Rad,Javad Sharifi-Rad +14 more
TL;DR: A survey of plants that have shown anti-HIV activity, both in vitro and in vivo is presented, to provide therapeutic options for populations with limited resources or access to currently efficacious chemotherapies.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Biological activities of α-pinene and β-pinene enantiomers.
Ana Cristina Rivas da Silva,Paula Monteiro Lopes,Mariana M. B. Azevedo,Danielle Cristina Machado Costa,Celuta S. Alviano,Daniela S. Alviano +5 more
TL;DR: In combination with commercial antimicrobials, ciprofloxacin plus (+)-a-pinene or (+)-β- pinene presented synergistic activity against MRSA whereas an indifferent effect against all fungi was detected when amphotericin B was combined with the positive enantiomers of pinene.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biological Activities of Essential Oils: From Plant Chemoecology to Traditional Healing Systems
Javad Sharifi-Rad,Antoni Sureda,Gian Carlo Tenore,Maria Daglia,Mehdi Sharifi-Rad,Marco Valussi,Rosa Tundis,M. Sharifi-Rad,Monica Rosa Loizzo,Adedayo O. Ademiluyi,Adedayo O. Ademiluyi,Razieh Sharifi-Rad,Seyed Abdulmajid Ayatollahi,Marcello Iriti +13 more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Synergistic effect of flavones and flavonols against herpes simplex virus type 1 in cell culture. Comparison with the antiviral activity of propolis
TL;DR: The in vitro activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 of the major flavonoids identified in propolis was investigated and flavonols were found to be more active than flavones, the order of importance being galangin, kaempferol, and quercetin.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparative study on the antiviral activity of selected monoterpenes derived from essential oils.
TL;DR: Among the analysed compounds, monoterPene hydrocarbons were slightly superior to monoterpene alcohols in their antiviral activity, α‐pinene and α‐terpineol revealed the highest selectivity index.
Journal ArticleDOI
Virucidal effect of peppermint oil on the enveloped viruses herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in vitro.
TL;DR: Results indicate that peppermint oil affected the virus before adsorption, but not after penetration into the host cell, indicating this essential oil is capable to exert a direct virucidal effect on HSV.
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Mehdi Sharifi-Rad,Elena Maria Varoni,Bahare Salehi,Javad Sharifi-Rad,Javad Sharifi-Rad,Karl R. Matthews,Seyed Abdulmajid Ayatollahi,Seyed Abdulmajid Ayatollahi,Farzad Kobarfard,Salam A. Ibrahim,Dima Mnayer,Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria,Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria,Majid Sharifi-Rad,Zubaida Yousaf,Marcello Iriti,Adriana Basile,Daniela Rigano +17 more