The control of flowering time by environmental factors.
TLDR
A review of how flowering time is influenced by nutrients, ambient temperature, drought, salinity, exogenously applied hormones and chemicals, and pathogenic microbes provides insight into how crops might be managed to increase productivity under various environmental challenges.Abstract:
The timing of flowering is determined by endogenous genetic components as well as various environmental factors, such as day length, temperature, and stress. The genetic elements and molecular mechanisms that rule this process have been examined in the long-day-flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana and short-day-flowering rice (Oryza sativa). However, reviews of research on the role of those factors are limited. Here, we focused on how flowering time is influenced by nutrients, ambient temperature, drought, salinity, exogenously applied hormones and chemicals, and pathogenic microbes. In response to such stresses or stimuli, plants either begin flowering to produce seeds for the next generation or else delay flowering by slowing their metabolism. These responses vary depending upon the dose of the stimulus, the plant developmental stage, or even the cultivar that is used. Our review provides insight into how crops might be managed to increase productivity under various environmental challenges.read more
Citations
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Integrative Regulation of Drought Escape through ABA-Dependent and -Independent Pathways in Rice.
TL;DR: It is found that low water-deficit treatment at the early stage of rice development can trigger early flowering and reduced tiller numbers, providing compelling evidence that DE in rice is coordinately regulated by multiple pathways during the reproduction (flowering) switch.
Journal ArticleDOI
Barley yield formation under abiotic stress depends on the interplay between flowering time genes and environmental cues.
Mathias Wiegmann,Andreas Maurer,Anh Pham,Timothy J. March,Ayed Al-Abdallat,William T. B. Thomas,Hazel Bull,Hazel Bull,Mohammed Shahid,Jason Eglinton,Michael Baum,Andrew J. Flavell,Mark Tester,Klaus Pillen +13 more
TL;DR: It is indicated that the adequate timing of plant development is crucial to maximize yield formation under harsh environmental conditions and the presented knowledge may be transferred to related crop species like wheat and rice securing the rising global food demand for cereals.
Journal ArticleDOI
Developmental reprogramming by UV-B radiation in plants.
Marcela C. Dotto,Paula Casati +1 more
TL;DR: This review focuses on the influence of UV-B on leaf, flower and root development and emphasizes the limited understanding of the molecular mechanisms for most of this developmental processes affected byUV-B documented over the years of research in this area.
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A Membrane-Bound NAC-Like Transcription Factor OsNTL5 Represses the Flowering in Oryza sativa.
Siyi Guo,Siyi Guo,Shaojun Dai,Prashant Kumar Singh,Hongyan Wang,Yanan Wang,Jeanie L H Tan,Wan-Yi Wee,Toshiro Ito,Toshiro Ito +9 more
TL;DR: The NAC-like TF OsNTL5 functions as a transcriptional repressor to suppress flowering in rice as an upstream factor of Ehd1, which shows antagonistic photoperiodic expression patterns of OsNTl5 in a 24-h SD cycle.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Regulation of Flowering Time and Floral Organ Identity by a MicroRNA and Its APETALA2-Like Target Genes
Milo Aukerman,Hajime Sakai +1 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that miRNA 172 (miR172) causes early flowering and disrupts the specification of floral organ identity when overexpressed in Arabidopsis through an activation-tagging approach, supporting the notion that miR172 regulates flowering time by downregulating AP2-like target genes.
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FT Protein Movement Contributes to Long-Distance Signaling in Floral Induction of Arabidopsis
Laurent Corbesier,Coral Vincent,Seonghoe Jang,Fabio Fornara,Qingzhi Fan,Qingzhi Fan,Iain R. Searle,Antonis Giakountis,Sara Farrona,Lionel Gissot,Colin G. N. Turnbull,Colin G. N. Turnbull,George Coupland +12 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that FT protein acts as a long-distance signal that induces Arabidopsis flowering, and evidence that FT does not activate an intermediate messenger in leaves is provided.
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FLOWERING LOCUS C Encodes a Novel MADS Domain Protein That Acts as a Repressor of Flowering
TL;DR: This study reports that flc null mutations result in early flowering, demonstrating that the role of active FLC alleles is to repress flowering, and proposes that the level of FLC activity acts through a rheostat-like mechanism to control flowering time in Arabidopsis and that modulation of F LC expression is a component of the vernalization response.
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Hd1, a Major Photoperiod Sensitivity Quantitative Trait Locus in Rice, Is Closely Related to the Arabidopsis Flowering Time Gene CONSTANS
Masahiro Yano,Yuichi Katayose,Motoyuki Ashikari,Utako Yamanouchi,Lisa Monna,Takuichi Fuse,Tomoya Baba,Kimiko Yamamoto,Yosuke Umehara,Yoshiaki Nagamura,Takuji Sasaki +10 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that Hd1 functions in the promotion of heading under short- day conditions and in inhibition under long-day conditions and is a homolog of CONSTANS in Arabidopsis.
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Cytokinin-Deficient Transgenic Arabidopsis Plants Show Multiple Developmental Alterations Indicating Opposite Functions of Cytokinins in the Regulation of Shoot and Root Meristem Activity
TL;DR: The results are consistent with the hypothesis that cytokinins have central, but opposite, regulatory functions in root and shoot meristems and indicate that a fine-tuned control of catabolism plays an important role in ensuring the proper regulation of cytokinin functions.