Journal ArticleDOI
The effect of physical training on insulin production in obesity
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TLDR
It was concluded that muscle probably is an important determinant for insulin sensitivity in obesity and probably not to an increase in muscle mass.Abstract:
Ten obese patients were subjected to physical training, which resulted in an increased maximal oxygen consumption and an increased isometric muscle strength. Body weight increased, due primarily to an increase in body fat, but also, in some cases, to an increase in body cell mass, determined by isotope dilution techniques. Fat cell diameter was unchanged. Peroral glucose tolerance test with plasma radioimmuochemically determined insulin in these patients showed no changes in blood glucose values after training but a marked decrease in insulin values. This was interpreted to be due to an increased insulin sensitivity of tissues. Since the body fat mass was not decreased it was not considered likely that the increased insulin sensitivity was due to adipose tissue factors. This augmentation of insulin sensitivity was furthermore not related to the increase in body cell mass and therefore probably not to an increase in muscle mass. It was concluded that muscle probably is an important determinant for insulin sensitivity in obesity.read more
Citations
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Lifestyle, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors 10 Years after Bariatric Surgery
TL;DR: A prospective, controlled Swedish Obese Subjects Study involved obese subjects who underwent gastric surgery and contemporaneously matched, conventionally treated obese control subjects, which reported follow-up data for subjects who had been enrolled for at least 2 years or 10 years before the analysis.
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Physical activity and reduced occurrence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
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Review of the key results from the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) trial – a prospective controlled intervention study of bariatric surgery
TL;DR: Whereas high insulin and/or high glucose at baseline predicted favourable treatment effects, high baseline BMI did not, indicating that current selection criteria for bariatric surgery need to be revised.
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The epidemiology of overweight and obesity: public health crisis or moral panic?
TL;DR: This article evaluates four central claims made by those calling for intensifying the war on fat: that obesity is an epidemic; that overweight and obesity are major contributors to mortality; that higher than average adiposity is pathological and a primary direct cause of disease; and that significant long-term weight loss is both medically beneficial and a practical goal.
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AMPK, insulin resistance, and the metabolic syndrome.
TL;DR: The hypothesis that dysregulation of AMPK is both a pathogenic factor for metabolic syndrome-related disorders in humans and a target for their prevention and therapy is evaluated.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Plasma Insulin Responses to Oral and Intravenous Glucose: Studies in Normal and Diabetic Subjects*
TL;DR: In the noninsulin-requiring maturity-onset diabetic, the glycemic insulinogenic stimulus for a given oral glucose load is significantly greater than in normal subjects and accounts for the excessive plasma insulin responses observed late in the course of an oral glucose tolerance test.
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Immunoassay of insulin with insulin antibody precipitate
C.N. Hales,P.J. Randle +1 more
TL;DR: The methods described appear to have the advantages over those previously described of greater simplicity and rapidity, and of achieving comparable sensitivity with preparations of 131I-labelled insulin of much lower specific activity.
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Excessive Insulin Response to Glucose in Obese Subjects as Measured by Immunochemical Assay
TL;DR: The present study utilizes the immunochemical assay of serum insulin levels as well as traditional indices of carbohydrate metabolism to investigate the response to glucose loads both in nondiabetic obese subjects assumed to be potentially prediabetic and in normal controls.
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of adipose cell size and adipose tissue insulin sensitivity in the carbohydrate intolerance of human obesity.
TL;DR: In this article, the insulin sensitivity of isolated human adipose tissue was studied as a function of adipose cell size and number, and it was shown that the larger the number of cells, the less insulin sensitive the tissue was.