Journal ArticleDOI
The fat that matters: Soil food web analysis using fatty acids and their carbon stable isotope signature
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TLDR
Systematic patterns and processes underlying variations in the composition of fatty acids and their 13C/12C ratio are described and areas in which future experimentation can lead to progress in soil food web analysis are identified.Abstract:
Chemical taxonomy based upon the composition of lipids is widely applied to investigate microbial communities and fatty acids have recently been employed to connect soil microbial and faunal food webs as well as to elucidate functional groups at higher trophic levels. The additional use of compound-specific isotopic analysis of 13C/12C ratios in fatty acids allows assessing specific trophic links and belowground carbon fluxes. In this review systematic patterns and processes underlying variations in the composition of fatty acids and their 13C/12C ratio are described. The emphasis is on biomarker fatty acids, their incorporation and modification, effects of pool size, and analytical methods. Further development of the application of fatty acid profiling to soil ecology should include both advances in experimental research and growth of theory. Accordingly, areas in which future experimentation can lead to progress in soil food web analysis are identified. Overall, combining fatty acid biomarker and their isotopic ratios will allow detailed insight into belowground trophic interactions.read more
Citations
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Influence of Diet On the Distribtion of Nitrogen Isotopes in Animals
Michael J. DeNiro,Samuel Epstein +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of diet on the distribution of nitrogen isotopes in animals was investigated by analyzing animals grown in the laboratory on diets of constant nitrogen isotopic composition and found that the variability of the relationship between the δ^(15)N values of animals and their diets is greater for different individuals raised on the same diet than for the same species raised on different diets.
Journal ArticleDOI
Use and misuse of PLFA measurements in soils
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss problems in PLFA interpretation, the extent of turnover of PLFAs in soil, and the flawed use of diversity indices to evaluate PLFA patterns.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exploring the transfer of recent plant photosynthates to soil microbes: mycorrhizal pathway vs direct root exudation
Christina Kaiser,Christina Kaiser,Matt R. Kilburn,Peta L. Clode,Lucia Fuchslueger,Marianne Koranda,John B. Cliff,Zakaria M. Solaiman,Daniel Murphy +8 more
TL;DR: The results indicate that a major release of recent photosynthates into soil leave plant roots via AM intraradical hyphae already upstream of passive root exudations, suggesting that AM fungi may act as a rapid hub for translocating fresh plant C to soil microbes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Soil inoculation steers restoration of terrestrial ecosystems
TL;DR: The impact of soil inoculation on plant and soil community composition was most pronounced when the topsoil layer was removed, whereas effects were less strong, but still significant, when the soil inocula were introduced into intactTopsoil.
Journal ArticleDOI
Phospholipid fatty acid profiling of microbial communities a review of interpretations and recent applications
TL;DR: It is evident that interpretations of PLFA results do not always correlate between different investigations, but the approach remains one with great potential for improving the understanding of the relationship between microbial populations and the environment.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification.
E. G. Bligh,W. J. Dyer +1 more
TL;DR: The lipid decomposition studies in frozen fish have led to the development of a simple and rapid method for the extraction and purification of lipids from biological materials that has been applied to fish muscle and may easily be adapted to use with other tissues.
Journal ArticleDOI
Using stable isotopes to estimate trophic position: models, methods, and assumptions
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed and discussed methods for generating an isotopic baseline and evaluate the assump- tions required to estimate the trophic position of consumers using stable isotopes in multiple ecosystem studies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Influence of diet on the distribution of nitrogen isotopes in animals
Michael J. DeNiro,Samuel Epstein +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of diet on the distribution of nitrogen isotopes in animals was investigated by analyzing animals grown in the laboratory on diets of constant nitrogen isotopic composition and found that the variability of the relationship between the δ(15)N values of animals and their diets is greater for different individuals raised on the same diet than for the same species raised on different diets.
Influence of Diet On the Distribtion of Nitrogen Isotopes in Animals
Michael J. DeNiro,Samuel Epstein +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of diet on the distribution of nitrogen isotopes in animals was investigated by analyzing animals grown in the laboratory on diets of constant nitrogen isotopic composition and found that the variability of the relationship between the δ^(15)N values of animals and their diets is greater for different individuals raised on the same diet than for the same species raised on different diets.
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