Journal ArticleDOI
The genesis of basaltic magmas
David H. Green,A.E. Ringwood +1 more
TLDR
In this paper, the results of a detailed experimental investigation of fractionation of natural basaltic compositions under conditions of high pressure and high temperature were reported, where a single stage, pistoncylinder apparatus has been used in the pressure range up to 27 kb and at temperatures up to 1500° C to study the melting behaviour of several basaltics compositions.Abstract:
This paper reports the results of a detailed experimental investigation of fractionation of natural basaltic compositions under conditions of high pressure and high temperature. A single stage, piston-cylinder apparatus has been used in the pressure range up to 27 kb and at temperatures up to 1500° C to study the melting behaviour of several basaltic compositions. The compositions chosen are olivine-rich (20% or more normative olivine) and include olivine tholeiite (12% normative hypersthene), olivine basalt (1% normative hypersthene) alkali olivine basalt (2% normative nepheline) and picrite (3% normative hypersthene). The liquidus phases of the olivine tholeiite and olivine basalt are olivine at 1 Atmosphere, 4.5 kb and 9 kb, orthopyroxene at 13.5 and 18 kb, clinopyroxene at 22.5 kb and garnet at 27 kb. In the alkali olivine basalt composition, the liquidus phases are olivine at 1 Atmosphere and 9 kb, orthopyroxene with clinopyroxene at 13.5 kb, clinopyroxene at 18 kb and garnet at 27 kb. The sequence of appearance of phases below the liquidus has also been studied in detail. The electron probe micro-analyser has been used to make partial quantitative analyses of olivines, orthopyroxenes, clinopyroxenes and garnets which have crystallized at high pressure.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Trace element and isotopic effects of combined wallrock assimilation and fractional crystallization
TL;DR: In this paper, the mass assimilation rate is an arbitrary fraction(r) of the fractional crystallization rate, where r < 1 is a combination of zone refining and fractional scaling.
Journal ArticleDOI
Olivine-Liquid Equilibrium
Peter L. Roeder,R. F. Emslie +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a number of experiments have been conducted in order to study the equilibria between olivine and basaltic liquids and to try and understand the conditions under which OIVINE will crystallize.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chromian spinel as a petrogenetic indicator in abyssal and alpine-type peridotites and spatially associated lavas
Henry J. B. Dick,Thomas Bullen +1 more
TL;DR: The composition of chromian spinels in alpine-type peridotites has a large reciprocal range of Cr and Al, with increasing Cr# (Cr/(Cr+Al)) reflecting increasing degrees of partial melting in the mantle as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Thermometers and Barometers for Volcanic Systems
TL;DR: A review of existing geothermometers and geobarometers, and a presentation of approximately 30 new models, including a new plagioclase-liquid hygrometer, can be found in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pyroxene thermometry in simple and complex systems
TL;DR: In this article, a semi-empirical equation of state for the diopside enstatite miscibility gap has been proposed for ortho-and clinopyroxene solid solutions.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Elasticity and constitution of the Earth's interior
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors derived a general equation for the variation of the quantity,, in a homogeneous gravitating layer with an arbitrary gradient of temperature, and discussed the parameters of this equation in terms of the experimental and theoretical relations for solids.
Journal ArticleDOI
Origin of Basalt Magmas: An Experimental Study of Natural and Synthetic Rock Systems
H. S. Yoder,C. E. Tilley +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
An experimental investigation of the gabbro to eclogite transformation and its petrological applications
David H. Green,A.E. Ringwood +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a variety of basaltic compositions have been studied experimentally in the pressure range from 1 bar to 30 kb at temperatures above 1000°C and below the basalt solidus and the mineral assemblages are characterized by coexistence of garnet, clinopyroxene, plagioclase and, commonly, quartz.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chemical Characteristics of Oceanic Basalts and the Upper Mantle
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that oceanic tholeiites are either complete melts of the upper mantle or are generated from a mix of this tholeite and a magnesium-rich peridotite or dunite in proportions up to perhaps 1:4.
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Origin of Basalt Magmas: An Experimental Study of Natural and Synthetic Rock Systems
H. S. Yoder,C. E. Tilley +1 more