Journal ArticleDOI
The glassy state of matter: Its definition and ultimate fate
TLDR
In this paper, a modern, improved definition of glass is proposed, which states that glass is a nonequilibrium, non-crystalline state of matter that appears solid on a short time scale but continuously relaxes towards the liquid state.Abstract:
The objective of this communication is to clarify the meanings of solid and liquid, to dwell on the ultimate fate of glass in the limit of infinitely long time, and to propose a modern, improved definition of glass. We review the four characteristic states of matter related to vitrification: the stable equilibrium liquid (L), the metastable supercooled liquid (SCL), the unstable nonequilibrium glass (G), and the stable crystal (C). We also discuss some relevant terms and phenomena, including glass transition, crystallization, non-crystalline, amorphous, solid, and frozen. We review several previously published definitions of glass and finally propose an improved definition in two alternative forms. The first improved definition is: “Glass is a nonequilibrium , non-crystalline state of matter that appears solid on a short time scale but continuously relaxes towards the liquid state.” This is an intuitive description for the general public and young students. An alternative, more detailed definition to be understood and used by advanced students, researchers, and professors is: “Glass is a nonequilibrium , non-crystalline condensed state of matter that exhibits a glass transition. The structure of glasses is similar to that of their parent supercooled liquids (SCL) , and they spontaneously relax toward the SCL state. Their ultimate fate , in the limit of infinite time, is to crystallize.” This definition is for experts who understand the meaning of glass transition.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Understanding Glass through Differential Scanning Calorimetry
Qiuju Zheng,Yanfei Zhang,Maziar Montazerian,Ozgur Gulbiten,John C. Mauro,Edgar Dutra Zanotto,Yuanzheng Yue,Yuanzheng Yue,Yuanzheng Yue +8 more
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of the many applications of DSC in glass science with focus on glass transition, relaxation, polyamorphism, and crystallization phenomena is presented and recent advances in DSC characterization technology are emphasized.
Journal ArticleDOI
Predicting glass transition temperatures using neural networks
TL;DR: In this paper, an artificial neural network model was used to predict the T g of multicomponent oxide glasses using a dataset containing more than 55,000 inorganic glass compositions and their respective experimental values of T g.
Journal ArticleDOI
Meltable Mixed-Linker Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks and Their Microporous Glasses: From Melting Point Engineering to Selective Hydrocarbon Sorption
TL;DR: It is shown how the melting point of the prototypical ZIF-4/ZIF-62(M) frameworks can be controlled systematically by adjusting the molar ratio of the two imidazolate-type linkers im- and bim-.
Journal ArticleDOI
Challenges with vitrification of Hanford High-Level Waste (HLW) to borosilicate glass – An overview
TL;DR: The U.S. Department of Energy is building a Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant at Hanford site to separately vitrify these two waste streams in borosilicate glass using Joule-heated ceramic melters (JHCM) as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Porous purple glass – a cobalt imidazolate glass with accessible porosity from a meltable cobalt imidazolate framework
Louis Frentzel-Beyme,Marvin Kloß,Roman Pallach,Soma Salamon,Henning Moldenhauer,Joachim Landers,Heiko Wende,J. Debus,Sebastian Henke +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the first microporous cobalt imidazolate glass was obtained from a meltable cobalt-based zeolitic IMD framework, ZIF-62(Co).
References
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Book
Metastable Liquids: Concepts and Principles
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an overview of the relationship between metastable liquid properties and physics, including thermodynamics, kinetic properties, and mathematical proofs of the stability of liquid properties.
Book
Fundamentals of Inorganic Glasses
TL;DR: In this paper, the basic principles of glass formation and composition are discussed, including linear elasticity, phase separation and liquid immiscibility, and dielectric properties of glass.
Book
Relaxation in Glass and Composites
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a model of structural relaxation in OXIDE GLASSES, including the Sandwich Seal and the Composite Cylinder, as well as the split ring composite.