Journal ArticleDOI
The mechanism of action of cyclosporin A and FK506
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TLDR
Recent findings that indicate CsA and FK506 operate as prodrugs are reviewed: they bind endogenous intracellular receptors, the immunophilins, and the resulting complex targets the protein phosphatase, calcineurin, to exert the immunosuppressive effect.About:
This article is published in Immunology Today.The article was published on 1992-01-01. It has received 2032 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Immunophilins & Cyclosporin a.read more
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Function and activation of NF-kappa B in the immune system.
TL;DR: The inhibition of NF-kappa B activation by antioxidants and specific protease inhibitors may provide a pharmacological basis for interfering with these acute processes in suppressing toxic/septic shock, graft-vs-host reactions, acute inflammatory reactions, severe phase response, and radiation damage.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mammalian Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signal Transduction Pathways Activated by Stress and Inflammation
John M. Kyriakis,Joseph Avruch +1 more
TL;DR: This review focuses on the biochemical components and regulation of mammalian stress-regulated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, and the nuclear factor-kappa B pathway, a second stress signaling paradigm.
Journal ArticleDOI
TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS OF THE NFAT FAMILY:Regulation and Function
TL;DR: Recent data on the diversity of the NFAT family of transcription factors, the regulation of NFAT proteins within cells, and the cooperation ofNFAT proteins with other transcription factors to regulate the expression of inducible genes are discussed.
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The Function of Heat-Shock Proteins in Stress Tolerance: Degradation and Reactivation of Damaged Proteins
D A Parsell,Susan Lindquist +1 more
TL;DR: The Lon Protease, DnaK.T URNOVER of AB ERR ANT PROT EINS in E. COLI, and more.
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Signal transduction by lymphocyte antigen receptors
Arthur Weiss,Dan R. Littman +1 more
TL;DR: Insight gained from studies of the signaling pathways downstream of TCR and BCR stimulation is likely to contribute significantly to future understanding of mechanisms responsible for lymphocyte differentiation and for the discrimination of self from nonself in developing and mature cells.
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Journal ArticleDOI
Calcineurin is a common target of cyclophilin-cyclosporin A and FKBP-FK506 complexes
Jun Liu,Jesse D. Farmer,Willam S. Lane,Jeffrey S. Friedman,Irving L. Weissman,Stuart L. Schreiber +5 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that calcineurin is involved in a common step associated with T cell receptor and IgE receptor signaling pathways and that cyclophilin and FKBP mediate the actions of CsA and Fk506 by forming drug-dependent complexes with and altering the activity of calcineURin-calmodulin.
Journal ArticleDOI
Targets for cell cycle arrest by the immunosuppressant rapamycin in yeast.
TL;DR: Nonallelic noncomplementation between FPR1, TOR1, and TOR2 alleles suggests that the products of these genes may interact as subunits of a protein complex that may mediate nuclear entry of signals required for progression through the cell cycle.
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Cyclophilin: A Specific Cytosolic Binding Protein for Cyclosporin A
TL;DR: Isolation of cyclophilin from the cytosol of thymocytes suggests that the immunosuppressive activity of cyclosporin A is mediated by an intracellular mechanism, not by a membrane-associated mechanism.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chemistry and biology of the immunophilins and their immunosuppressive ligands.
TL;DR: Defining the biological roles of this emerging family of receptors and their ligands may illuminate the process of protein trafficking in cells and the mechanisms of signal transmission through the cytoplasm.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biological effects of cyclosporin A: A new antilymphocytic agent
TL;DR: Experimental evidence suggests that cyclosporin A affects an early stage of mitogenic triggering of the immunocompetent lymphoid cell, which contrasts with other immunosuppressives and cytostatic drugs in its weak myelotoxicity.