Journal ArticleDOI
The photochemistry of atmospheric water vapor
David R. Bates,Marcel Nicolet +1 more
TLDR
The mechanism proposed in this article is two body collisions between hydrogen atoms and ozone molecules, rather than after their formation, which is the mechanism used in the present paper, and is the same as the one used in this paper.Abstract:
Solar radiation dissociates water vapor into hydrogen atoms and hydroxyl radicles Hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide molecules, and perhydroxyl radicles, are also produced as a result of subsequent chemical reactions with the allotropic forms of oxygen The rate of the oxidizing processes falls off more rapidly with increase of altitude than does that of the reducing processes, and the hydrogen compounds are almost completely broken down at about the 90-km level (or even lower) There is a continual escape of the hydrogen atoms into interplanetary space; but the liberated oxygen atoms remain in the atmosphere, and the number that must thus have been added in geological time seems to be comparable with the number now present Consideration of the general equilibrium reveals several features of interest, such as, for example, the existence of a thin layer of molecular hydrogen In spite of the prominence of the Meinel bands, the concentration of hydroxyl radicles is quite small It is thought that these radicles are excited during, rather than after, their formation The mechanism proposed is two body collisions between hydrogen atoms and ozone moleculesread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Reductions of Antarctic ozone due to synergistic interactions of chlorine and bromine
TL;DR: The vertical column density of ozone observed in October over Antarctica over Antarctica has fallen precipitously over the past 10 yr as mentioned in this paper and the concentration at Halley Bay (76 deg S, 27 deg W), expressed conventionally in Dobson units (DU), has dropped from about 300 DU in 1975 to less than 200 DU in 1984.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ozone production rates in an oxygen-hydrogen-nitrogen oxide atmosphere
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that an artificial increase of the mixing ratio of the oxides of nitrogen in the stratosphere by about 1×10−8 may lead to observable changes in the atmospheric ozone level.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mass spectrometric measurements of positive ions at altitudes from 64 to 112 kilometers
R. S. Narcisi,A. D. Bailey +1 more
TL;DR: A quadrupole mass spectrometer system employing a liquid nitrogen chilled zeolite pump has recently been developed for sampling positive ions at altitudes above 50 km as discussed by the authors, where the predominant ions detected within the D region (64 to 82 km) were 19+, 30+, and (37±1)+, with 32+ rapidly rising above 75 km approaching the abundance of 30+ at 83 km.
Journal ArticleDOI
Removal of Stratospheric O3 by Radicals: In Situ Measurements of OH, HO2, NO, NO2, ClO, and BrO
Paul O. Wennberg,Ronald C. Cohen,R. M. Stimpfle,J. P. Koplow,James G. Anderson,Ross J. Salawitch,David W. Fahey,E. L. Woodbridge,E. R. Keim,Ru-Shan Gao,C. R. Webster,R. D. May,Darin W. Toohey,Linnea M. Avallone,Michael H. Proffitt,Max Loewenstein,James R. Podolske,K. R. Chan,S. C. Wofsy +18 more
TL;DR: In this article, in situ measurements of the concentrations of OH, HO_2, ClO, BrO, NO, and NO_2 demonstrate the predominance of odd-hydrogen and halogen free-radical catalysis in determining the rate of removal of ozone in the lower stratosphere during May 1993.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Interpretation of Band Spectra Part III. Electron Quantum Numbers and States of Molecules and Their Atoms
Journal ArticleDOI
Bakerian Lecture. Some Phenomena of the Upper Atmosphere
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a combined picture of many of the phenomena, in the form that now seems to me most probable, though without concealing the uncertainties affecting many points.
Journal ArticleDOI
The intensity distribution in the nitrogen band systems emitted from the earth’s upper atmosphere
TL;DR: In this article, the Frank-Condon principle was used to determine the intensity distribution in the negative and first and second positive band systems of nitrogen for a number of excitation mechanisms and the results were compared with the intensity distributions observed from upper atmospheric sources with a view to understanding the processes occurring.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Absorption Spectra of Methane, Carbon Dioxide, Water Vapor, and Ethylene in the Vacuum Ultraviolet
TL;DR: In this article, the atmospheric absorption coefficient, α, in the equation, I=I0 exp(αx), ranging from two for carbon dioxide to 800 for ethylene were found.
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