Journal ArticleDOI
The ''Reading the Mind in the Eyes'' Test Revised Version: A Study with Normal Adults, and Adults with Asperger Syndrome or High-functioning Autism
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TLDR
The Revised Eyes Test has improved power to detect subtle individual differences in social sensitivity and was inversely correlated with the Autism Spectrum Quotient (the AQ), a measure of autistic traits in adults of normal intelligence.Abstract:
In 1997 in this Journal we published the ‘‘Reading the Mind in the Eyes’’ Test, as a measure of adult ‘‘mentalising’’. Whilst that test succeeded in discriminating a group of adults with Asperger syndrome (AS) or high-functioning autism (HFA) from controls, it suered from several psychometric problems. In this paper these limitations are rectified by revising the test. The Revised Eyes Test was administered to a group of adults with AS or HFA (N fl 15) and again discriminated these from a large number of normal controls (N fl 239) drawn from dierent samples. In both the clinical and control groups the Eyes Test was inversely correlated with the Autism Spectrum Quotient (the AQ), a measure of autistic traits in adults of normal intelligence. The Revised Eyes Test has improved power to detect subtle individual dierences in social sensitivity.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Associations between the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) and “mind-reading” in humans—An exploratory study
Michael Lucht,Sven Barnow,Christine Sonnenfeld,Ines Ulrich,Hans Joergen Grabe,Winnie Schroeder,Henry Völzke,Harald J. Freyberger,Ulrich John,Falko H. Herrmann,Heyo K. Kroemer,Dieter Rosskopf +11 more
TL;DR: This study adds further evidence to the hypothesis that genetic variations in the OXTR modulate mind-reading and social behaviour.
Journal ArticleDOI
Beyond the hype and hope: Critical considerations for intranasal oxytocin research in autism spectrum disorder.
TL;DR: There remains significant potential for oxytocin to ameliorate aspects of the persistent and debilitating social impairments in individuals with ASD, and an urgent need to prioritise considering such factors when conducting well‐designed and controlled studies to further advance this field.
Intranasal inhalation of oxytocin improves face processing in developmental prosopagnosia 5
Sarah Bate,Sarah Jayne Cook,Bradley Duchaine,Jeremy J. Tree,Edwin J. Burns,Timothy L. Hodgson +5 more
TL;DR: This investigation provides the first evidence that oxytocin can improve face processing in developmental prosopagnosia, and the potential neural underpinnings of the findings are discussed alongside their implications for the treatment of face processing disorders.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparing the neural correlates of affective and cognitive theory of mind using fMRI: Involvement of the basal ganglia in affective theory of mind.
Maren Bodden,Dorothee Kübler,Susanne Knake,Katja Menzler,Johannes T. Heverhagen,Jens Sommer,Elke Kalbe,Sören Krach,Richard Dodel +8 more
TL;DR: Effective and cognitive ToM partly share neural correlates but can also be differentiated anatomically, and the BG are involved in affective ToM and thus their contribution is discussed as possibly providing a motor component of simulation processes, particularly in affectives ToM.
The Impact of ADHD and Autism Spectrum Disorders on Temperament, Character, and Personality
TL;DR: Character scores were extremely low among subjects with neuropsychiatric disorders, indicating a high overall prevalence of personality disorders, which was confirmed with the SCID-II.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind
David Premack,Guy Woodruff +1 more
TL;DR: This paper showed an adult chimpanzee a series of videotaped scenes of a human actor struggling with a variety of problems, some of which were simple, such as bananas vertically or horizontally out of reach, behind a box, and so forth; others were more complex, involving an actor unable to extricate himself from a locked cage, shivering because of a malfunctioning heater, or unable to play a phonograph because it was unplugged.
Journal ArticleDOI
Beliefs about beliefs: representation and constraining function of wrong beliefs in young children's understanding of deception.
Heinz Wimmer,Josef Perner +1 more
TL;DR: A travelling salesman found himself spending the night at home with his wife when one of his trips was unexpectedly cancelled, and he leapt out from the bed, ran across the room and jumped out the window.
Journal ArticleDOI
The autism-spectrum quotient (AQ): evidence from Asperger syndrome/high-functioning autism, males and females, scientists and mathematicians.
TL;DR: The Autism-Spectrum Quotient is a valuable instrument for rapidly quantifying where any given individual is situated on the continuum from autism to normality, and its potential for screening for autism spectrum conditions in adults of normal intelligence remains to be fully explored.
Journal ArticleDOI
Constants across cultures in the face and emotion
Paul Ekman,Wallace V. Friesen +1 more
TL;DR: Evidence is provided that members of a preliterate culture who had minimal exposure to literate cultures would associate the same emotion concepts with the same facial behaviors as do members of Western and Eastern literates.
Book
Mindblindness : An Essay on Autism and Theory of Mind
TL;DR: The four steps autism and mindblindness how brains read minds the language of the eyes mindreading - back to the future was discussed in evolutionary psychology and social chess mindreading as discussed by the authors.