Journal ArticleDOI
Three-dimensional confocal microscopy of colloids.
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TLDR
The experimental technique is described, measurements that complement the results of light scattering are described, and the structure and the dynamics of colloidal gels, glasses, and binary fluids are characterized in qualitatively new ways.Abstract:
Confocal microscopy is used in the study of colloidal gels, glasses, and binary fluids. We measure the three-dimensional positions of colloidal particles with a precision of approximately 50 nm ~a small fraction of each particle’s radius! and with a time resolution sufficient for tracking the thermal motions of several thousand particles at once. This information allows us to characterize the structure and the dynamics of these materials in qualitatively new ways, for example, by quantifying the topology of chains and clusters of particles as well as by measuring the spatial correlations between particles with high mobilities. We describe our experimental technique and describe measurements that complement the results of light scattering. © 2001 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: 110.2960, 110.0180, 180.1790.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Insights into phase transition kinetics from colloid science
TL;DR: Important advances have been made, for example, with new imaging techniques that allow direct observation of individual colloidal particles undergoing phase transitions, revealing some of the secrets of the complex pathways involved.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Physics of the Colloidal Glass Transition
Gary L. Hunter,Eric R. Weeks +1 more
TL;DR: A review of the current state of understanding of the colloidal glass transition, with an emphasis on experimental observations, is given in this paper, where the authors describe features of colloidal systems near and in glassy states, including increases in viscosity and relaxation times, dynamical heterogeneity and ageing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Crystal Nucleation in Liquids: Open Questions and Future Challenges in Molecular Dynamics Simulations.
Gabriele C. Sosso,Ji Chen,Stephen J. Cox,Martin Fitzner,Philipp Pedevilla,Andrea Zen,Angelos Michaelides +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the numerous molecular dynamics simulations that have unraveled crucial aspects of crystal nucleation in liquids is presented, placing the theoretical framework of classical nucleation theory and the state-of-the-art computational methods by reviewing simulations of such processes as ice nucleation and the crystallization of molecules in solutions.
BookDOI
Glassy dynamics and dynamical heterogeneity in colloids
Luca Cipelletti,Eric R. Weeks +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors review the phenomena associated with the colloidal glass transition, and in particular discuss observations of spatial and temporally heterogeneous dynamics within colloidal samples near the glass transition.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rapid, accurate particle tracking by calculation of radial symmetry centers
TL;DR: An algorithm for subpixel localization of imaged objects based on an analytic, non-iterative calculation of the best-fit radial symmetry center is introduced, similarly to Gaussian fitting, but with orders-of-magnitude faster execution time, lower sensitivity to nearby particles and applicability to any radially symmetric intensity distribution.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Methods of Digital Video Microscopy for Colloidal Studies
John C. Crocker,David G. Grier +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a set of image processing algorithms for extracting quantitative data from digitized video microscope images of colloidal suspensions is described, which can locate submicrometer spheres to within 10 nm in the focal plane and 150 nm in depth.
Journal ArticleDOI
Phase behaviour of concentrated suspensions of nearly hard colloidal spheres
P. N. Pusey,W. van Megen +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a detailed study of the phase diagram of suspensions of colloidal spheres which interact through a steep repulsive potential is presented. But it is not a detailed analysis of the colloidal glass phase.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interaction between particles suspended in solutions of macromolecules
Sho Asakura,Fumio Oosawa +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, an attractive force appears between particles suspended in solutions of macromolecules when there is neither direct interaction between two particles nor energetic interaction between particles and solute macromolescules.
Journal ArticleDOI
Three-Dimensional Direct Imaging of Structural Relaxation Near the Colloidal Glass Transition
TL;DR: Confocal microscopy was used to directly observe three-dimensional dynamics of particles in colloidal supercooled fluids and colloidal glasses; connected clusters of these mobile particles could be identified; and the cluster size distribution, structure, and dynamics were investigated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Formation of fractal clusters and networks by irreversible diffusion-limited aggregation
TL;DR: A model for diffusion-controlled aggregation in which growing clusters as well as individual particles are mobile has been investigated in this article, and two versions of the model in which the cluster diffusion coefficient is either size independent or inversely proportional to number of particles (mass) give very similar results.
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