Journal ArticleDOI
Transient temperature distributions in cylindrical arc columns following abrupt current changes
G R Jones,G H Freeman,H Edels +2 more
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TLDR
In this article, the importance of natural radial flow under transient conditions has been estimated by calculating flow velocity profiles from the measured temperature distributions and published gas density data, and show the increasing importance of the radial flow at higher currents.Abstract:
Using the shock wave technique, radial distributions of gas temperature have been measured in cylindrical, wall stabilized, arc columns under both steady state and transient conditions. The arc atmosphere was air and the current range 0?5-100 A. The transient measurements included the case of free recovery following sudden current interruption. The temperature profiles have been used in conjunction with published electrical conductivity data to determine electrical conductance values and these show good agreement with direct electrical measurements and theory. This result confirms that the arc plasma is in approximate thermal equilibrium so that the column behaviour may be described solely in terms of thermal processes. The importance of natural radial flow under transient conditions has been estimated by calculating flow velocity profiles from the measured temperature distributions and published gas density data. The results are in good agreement with theory, and show the increasing importance of the radial flow at higher currents.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The physics of high-power arcs
G R Jones,Michael Fang +1 more
TL;DR: In the case of collision-dominated, high-pressure arcs, the important role of radiative energy transfer, including strong self-absorption, has been established through the experimental and theoretical study of cylindrically symmetric, uncontaminated arc plasmas as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Decay of electrical conductance and temperature of arc plasmas
TL;DR: In this article, the maximum possible influence of radial convection is calculated by assuming that convective flow maintains a uniform pressure in space and time, and curves are given showing the contributions of thermal conduction, convection, and radiation to the decay of electrical conductance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Technique, Applicable to Circuit Breakers, for the Measurement of the Spatial Distribution of the Current in an Arc
Rosario Beaudet,Michel G. Drouet +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a new technique was developed for the measurement of the spatial distribution, at the electrode surface, of the current in a moving arc, which is applicable to a gas blast arc.
Journal ArticleDOI
Highly sensitive Shack–Hartmann sensor for two-dimensional electron density imaging over extinguishing arc discharges
TL;DR: In this article, a very sensitive Shack-Hartmann-type laser wavefront sensors incorporating meniscus microlens arrays with a long focal length of 238 or 467 mm were developed for imaging two-dimensional electron density distributions over extinguishing atmospheric arc discharges.
Journal ArticleDOI
Study of the evolution of the density of metastable atoms following interruption of an arc
TL;DR: In this article, the density of four metastable levels of argon during extinction of an arc discharge at atmospheric pressure was measured and the overpopulation of the four levels was observed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Electrical conductance decay of interrupted arc columns
C W Kimblin,H Edels +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the electrical conductance of interrupted cylindrically symmetric arc columns has been determined for 12-26 A arcs in atmospheric air using peripheral electrostatic probes and an understanding of many of the fundamental properties and limitations of these probes has been obtained.
Journal ArticleDOI
Theory of a filled-tube thermal arc column
H Edels,F H Fenlon +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a cylindrical wall stabilized thermal arc column is analyzed and the response of the column to changes in current and voltage and to periodic and modulated functions is given.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Determination of Arc Temperatures from Shock Velocities
H. Edels,D. Whittaker +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the velocity of a relatively strong shock wave propagated through an arc is measured by means of a rotating mirror camera, and the effects of this attenuation on the temperature determinations may be accounted for by the use of an experimentally determined attenuation relationship given in the paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Electrical conductance decay of arc columns in some common gases
G. R. Jones,H. Edels +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the conductance decay following current interruption of wall stabilised arcs in air, nitrogen, argon, oxygen and helium within the current range 6-42 A. The results in the inert gases differ to some extent from the predictions of the simple models.
Journal ArticleDOI
Radial temperature measurements of alternating current arcs
TL;DR: In this paper, the radial distribution of gas temperature of free-burning alternating current arc columns has been determined using the shock-wave technique, and temperature distributions have been determined at different times in the current cycle for arcs of 8 to 25 A r.m.c.