Vector-borne diseases.
Simon J. More,Dominique Bicout,Anette Bøtner,Andrew Butterworth,Paolo Calistri,Aline de Koeijer,Klaus Depner,Sandra Edwards,Bruno Garin-Bastuji,Margaret Good,Christian Gortázar Schmidt,Virginie Michel,Miguel Angel Miranda,Søren Saxmose Nielsen,Mohan Raj,Liisa Sihvonen,Hans Spoolder,Hans-Hermann Thulke,Antonio Velarde,Preben Willeberg,Christoph Winckler,Andrea Bau,Beatriz Beltrán-Beck,Edoardo Carnesecchi,Pascal Casier,Ewelina Czwienczek,Sofie Dhollander,Marios Georgiadis,Andrey Gogin,Luca Pasinato,Jane Richardson,Francesca Riolo,Gianluca Rossi,Matthew Watts,Eliana Lima,Jan Arend Stegeman +35 more
TLDR
The main characteristics of 36 vector‐borne diseases (VBDs) summarised in EFSA's Panel on Animal Health and Welfare are summarized, as well as the possible impact of the VBDs on public health, animal health and farm production.Abstract:
After a request from the European Commission, EFSA's Panel on Animal Health and Welfare summarised the main characteristics of 36 vector-borne diseases (VBDs) in 36 web-based storymaps. The risk of introduction in the EU through movement of livestock or pets was assessed for each of the 36 VBDs individually, using a semiquantitative Method to INTegrate all relevant RISK aspects (MINTRISK model), which was further modified to a European scale into the EFSA-VBD-RISK-model. Only eight of the 36 VBD-agents had an overall rate of introduction in the EU (being the combination of the rate of entry, vector transmission and establishment) which was estimated to be above 0.001 introductions per year. These were Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus, bluetongue virus, West Nile virus, Schmallenberg virus, Hepatozoon canis, Leishmania infantum, Bunyamwera virus and Highlands J. virus. For these eight diseases, the annual extent of spread was assessed, assuming the implementation of available, authorised prevention and control measures in the EU. Further, the probability of overwintering was assessed, as well as the possible impact of the VBDs on public health, animal health and farm production. For the other 28 VBD-agents for which the rate of introduction was estimated to be very low, no further assessments were made. Due to the uncertainty related to some parameters used for the risk assessment or the instable or unpredictability disease situation in some of the source regions, it is recommended to update the assessment when new information becomes available. Since this risk assessment was carried out for large regions in the EU for many VBD-agents, it should be considered as a first screening. If a more detailed risk assessment for a specific VBD is wished for on a national or subnational level, the EFSA-VBD-RISK-model is freely available for this purpose.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal Article
The 2000 epidemic of Rift Valley fever in Saudi Arabia: mosquito vector studies. [Erratum: Dec 2002, v. 16 (4), p. 464.]
P. G. Jupp,Alan Kemp,A. A. Grobbelaar,P. A. Leman,F. J. Burt,A. M. Alahmed,D. Al Mujalli,M. Al Khamees,R. Swanepoel +8 more
TL;DR: It was concluded that both species were vectors on grounds of abundance, distribution, preference for humans and sheep, the virus isolations and vector competence tests.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rift Valley Fever – epidemiological update and risk of introduction into Europe
Søren Saxmose Nielsen,Julio Alvarez,Dominique Bicout,Paolo Calistri,Klaus Depner,Julian A. Drewe,Bruno Garin-Bastuji,Jose Luis Gonzales Rojas,Christian Gortázar Schmidt,Virginie Michel,Miguel Ángel Miranda Chueca,Helen Clare Roberts,Liisa Sihvonen,Karl Ståhl,Antonio Velarde Calvo,Arvo Viltrop,Christoph Winckler,Bernard K. Bett,Catherine Cetre-Sossah,Véronique Chevalier,Clazien Devos,Simon Gubbins,Federica Monaco,Antoniou Sotiria-Eleni,Alessandro Broglia,José Cortiñas Abrahantes,Sofie Dhollander,Yves Van der Stede,Gabriele Zancanaro +28 more
TL;DR: Although the EU territory does not seem to be directly exposed to an imminent risk of RVFV introduction, the risk of further spread into countries neighbouring the EU and the risks of possible introduction of infected vectors, suggest that EU authorities need to strengthen their surveillance and response capacities.
Iconographies supplémentaires de l'article : Global burden of cutaneous leishmaniasis: a cross-sectional analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013
Chante Karimkhani,Valentine Wanga,Luc E. Coffeng,Paria Naghavi,Robert P. Dellavalle,M Naghavi +5 more
TL;DR: The burden from cutaneous leishmaniasis mainly falls on countries in Africa and the Middle East, and Andean Latin America, North Africa and MiddleEast, western sub-Saharan Africa, and south Asia had the highest DALYs from cutaneously leish maniasis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rift Valley Fever: risk of persistence, spread and impact in Mayotte (France)
Søren Saxmose Nielsen,Julio Alvarez,Dominique Bicout,Paolo Calistri,Klaus Depner,Julian A. Drewe,Bruno Garin-Bastuji,Jose Luis Gonzales Rojas,Christian Gortázar Schmidt,Virginie Michel,Miguel Ángel Miranda Chueca,Helen Clare Roberts,Liisa Sihvonen,Karl Ståhl,Antonio Velarde,Arvo trop,Christoph Winckler,Catherine Cetre-Sossah,Véronique Chevalier,Clazien J. de Vos,Simon Gubbins,Sotiria-Eleni Antoniou,Alessandro Broglia,Sofie Dhollander,Yves Van der Stede +24 more
TL;DR: Persistence of RVF by vertical transmission in Mayotte and Réunion appears to be of minor relevance compared to other pathways of re‐introduction (i.e. animal movement), but there is a high uncertainty since there is limited information about the vertical transmission of some of the major species of vectors of RVfV inMayotte.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cross-Validation of Generic Risk Assessment Tools for Animal Disease Incursion Based on a Case Study for African Swine Fever.
Clazien J. de Vos,Rachel A. Taylor,Robin R. L. Simons,Helen Roberts,C. Hultén,Aline de Koeijer,Tapani Lyytikäinen,Sebastian Napp,Anette Boklund,Ronald Petie,Kaisa Sörén,M. Swanenburg,Arianna Comin,Leena Seppä-Lassila,Maria Cabral,Emma Snary +15 more
TL;DR: Drawings on the ASF risk were similar across the generic RA tools, despite differences observed in calculated risks, and it was concluded that the cross-validation contributed to the credibility of their results.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
An Update on the Potential of North American Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) to Transmit West Nile Virus
Michael J. Turell,David J. Dohm,Michael R. Sardelis,Michael R. Sardelis,Monica L. O'Guinn,Theodore G. Andreadis,Jamie A. Blow +6 more
TL;DR: In determining the potential for a mosquito species to become involved in transmitting WNV, it is necessary to consider not only its laboratory vector competence but also its abundance, host-feeding preference, involvement with other viruses with similar transmission cycles, and whether WNV has been isolated from this species under natural conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Vector competence of California mosquitoes for West Nile virus
TL;DR: Culex species are likely to play the primary role in the enzootic maintenance and transmission of WNV in California, and Cx.
Journal ArticleDOI
Host heterogeneity dominates West Nile virus transmission.
TL;DR: It is shown that transmission of West Nile virus (WNV) is dominated by extreme heterogeneity in the host community, resulting in highly inflated reproductive ratios and the importance of determining contact rates between vectors and host species to understand pathogen transmission dynamics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of temperature on the transmission of west nile virus by Culex tarsalis (Diptera: Culicidae).
TL;DR: The resulting degree-day model showed that the NY99 WNV strain responded to temperature differently than a lineage II strain of WNV from South Africa and approximated the previous estimates for St. Louis encephalitis virus.
Journal ArticleDOI
Temperature, viral genetics, and the transmission of West Nile virus by Culex pipiens mosquitoes.
TL;DR: It is suggested that both viral evolution and temperature help shape the distribution and intensity of transmission of WNV, and a model for predicting the impact of temperature and global warming on WNV transmission is provided.