Journal ArticleDOI
Virus Inactivation during Phosphate Precipitation
Dirk R. Brunner,Otis J. Sproul +1 more
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In this article, the Freundlich isotherm was used to predict the removal of the two viruses from distilled water solutions, and the results indicated that virus removals in excess of 98% and 92% may be expected from precipitation processes using aluminum or calcium, respectively.Abstract:
Phosphate removal from aqueous solutions by precipitation with calcium and aluminum results in large poliovirus Type I and bacteriophage T2 removals. Tests conducted in distilled water-phosphate solutions and filtered domestic wastewater effluent are described. The Freundlich isotherm is used to predict the removal of the two viruses from distilled water solutions. The pH during precipitation affects poliovirus removals. The mechanism of removal is believed to be mostly by chemical adsorption with some physical sorption occurring simultaneously. This is concluded from the inability to recover all viruses from the sludge. The sludge represents a potential health hazard and must be carefully handled. Virus removals are greater in distilled water-phosphate solutions than in wastewater treatment plant effluent. Results are extended to full scale treatment plants indicating that virus removals in excess of 98% and 92% may be expected from precipitation processes using aluminum or calcium, respectively.read more
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Land Treatment of Wastewater
Herman Bouwer,Rufus L. Chaney +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe land treatment of wastewater and discuss the selection and design of system for land treatment, and divide land treatment systems into three types: overland flow systems, low-rate application systems, and high rate application systems.
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Removal of algae from stabilization pond effluents by lime treatment
Yair Folkman,Alberto M. Wachs +1 more
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Prospects for Pathogen Reductions in Livestock Wastewaters: A Review
TL;DR: Physical, biological, chemical, and energetic treatment technologies are discussed, including research results demonstrating or indicating the potential efficacy of the treatment approaches for pathogen reductions in livestock wastewaters.
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Poliovirus retention in soil columns after application of chemical- and polyelectrolyte-conditioned dewatered sludges.
TL;DR: The transport of poliovirus type 1 (strain LSc) was studied in Red Bay sandy loam columns that were treated with chemical- or polyelectrolyte-conditioned dewatered sludges and then leached with natural rainwater under saturated flow conditions.
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