Well-defined ruthenium olefin metathesis catalysts: Mechanism and activity

TLDR: Several ruthenium-based olefin metathesis catalysts of the formula (PR3)2X2RuCHCHCPh2 have been synthesized, and relative catalyst activities were determined by monitoring the ring-closing met athesis of the acyclic diene diethyl diallylmalonate as discussed by the authors.

Abstract: Several ruthenium-based olefin metathesis catalysts of the formula (PR3)2X2RuCHCHCPh2 have been synthesized, and relative catalyst activities were determined by monitoring the ring-closing metathesis of the acyclic diene diethyl diallylmalonate. The following order of increasing activity was determined:  X = I < Br < Cl and PR3 = PPh3 ≪ PiPr2Ph < PCy2Ph < PiPr3 < PCy3. Additional studies were conducted with the catalyst (PCy3)2Cl2RuCH2 to probe the mechanism of olefin metathesis by this class of catalysts. The data support a scheme in which there are two competing pathways:  the dominant one in which a phosphine dissociates from the ruthenium center and a minor one in which both phosphines remain bound. Higher catalyst activites could be achieved by the addition of CuCl to the reaction.