Wind and Solar Power Systems

TLDR: In this article, the authors present a model of a wind power system with different types of batteries, including lead acid battery, lead-acid battery, battery charger, and converter.

Abstract: Introduction Industry Overview Incentives for Renewables Utility Perspective References Wind Power Wind in the World The U.S.A. Europe India Mexico Ongoing Research and Development References Photovoltaic Power Present Status Building Integrated pv Systems pv Cell Technologies pv Energy Maps References Wind Speed and Energy Distributions Speed and Power Relations Power Extracted from the Wind Rotor Swept Area Air Density Global Wind Patterns Wind Speed Distribution Wind Speed Prediction Wind Resource Maps References Wind Power System System Components Turbine Rating Electrical Load Matching Variable-Speed Operation System Design Features Maximum Power Operation System Control Requirements Environmental Aspects References Electrical Generator Electromechanical Energy Conversion Induction Generator References Generator Drives Speed Control Regions Generator Drives Drive Selection Cut-Out Speed Selection References Solar Photovoltaic Power System The pv Cell Module and Array Equivalent Electrical Circuit Open Circuit Voltage and Short Circuit Current i-v and p-v Curves Array Design Peak Power Point Operation pv System Components References Solar Thermal System Energy Collection Solar II Power Plant Synchronous Generator Commercial Power Plants References Energy Storage Battery Types of Batteries Equivalent Electrical Circuit Performance Characteristics More on Lead-Acid Battery Battery Design Battery Charging Charge Regulators Battery Management Flywheel Compressed Air Superconducting Coil References Power Electronics Basic Switching Devices AC to DC Rectifier DC to AC Inverter Grid Interface Controls Battery Charge/Discharge Converters Power Shunts References Stand-Alone System pv Stand-Alone Electric Vehicle Wind Stand-Alone Hybrid System System Sizing Wind Farm Sizing References Grid-Connected System Interface Requirements Synchronizing with Grid Operating Limit Energy Storage and Load Scheduling Utility Resource Planning Tool References Electrical Performance Voltage Current and Power Relations Component Design for Maximum Efficiency Electrical System Model Static Bus Impedance and Voltage Regulation Dynamic Bus Impedance and Ripple Harmonics Quality of Power Renewable Capacity Limit Lightning Protection National Electrical Code on Renewable Power Systems References Plant Economy Energy Delivery Factor Initial Capital Cost Availability and Maintenance Energy Cost Estimates Sensitivity Analysis Profitability Index Hybrid Economics References The Future World Electricity Demand to 2015 Wind Future pv Future Declining Production Costs Market Penetration Effect of Utility Restructuring References Further Reading Appendix 1 Appendix 2 Acronyms Conversion of Units Index