Witches’ brooms and frosty pods: Two major pathogens of cacao
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TLDR
Preliminary analysis of sequence data from Moniliophthora roreri, causal agent of frosty pod disease, indicates that this morphologically distinct pathogen may be closely related to C. perniciosa.Abstract:
Griffith, G. W., Nicholson, J., Nenninger, A., Birch, R. N., Hedger, J. N. (2003). Witches' brooms and frosty pods: two major pathogens of cacao. Journal of Botany, Royal Society of New Zealand, 41, 423-435read more
Citations
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The causal agents of witches' broom and frosty pod rot of cacao (chocolate, Theobroma cacao) form a new lineage of Marasmiaceae.
M. C. Aime,Wilbert Phillips-Mora +1 more
TL;DR: Detailed phylogenetic analyses of five nuclear gene regions confirm that C. perniciosa and M. roreri are sister taxa that belong in the Marasmiaceae (euagarics), and these taxa form part of a separate and distinct lineage within the family.
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Geographic distribution of plant pathogens in response to climate change
Michael W. Shaw,Tom M. Osborne +1 more
TL;DR: It is argued that at present the uncertainty in predictions of change is so great that the important adaptive response is to monitor changes and to retain the capacity to innovate, both by access to economic capital with reasonably long-term rates of return and by retaining wide scientific expertise, including currently less fashionable specialisms.
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Spontaneous organic cocoa bean box fermentations in Brazil are characterized by a restricted species diversity of lactic acid bacteria and acetic acid bacteria.
TL;DR: It turned out that control over a restricted bacterial species diversity during fermentation through an ideal post-harvest handling of the cocoa beans will allow the production of high-quality cocoa and chocolates produced thereof, independent of the fermentation method or farm.
Journal ArticleDOI
A genome survey of Moniliophthora perniciosa gives new insights into Witches' Broom Disease of cacao
Jorge Maurício Costa Mondego,Marcelo Falsarella Carazzolle,Gustavo G.L. Costa,Eduardo Fernandes Formighieri,Lucas Pedersen Parizzi,Johana Rincones,Carolina Cotomacci,Dirce Maria Carraro,Anderson F. Cunha,Helaine Carrer,Ramon O. Vidal,Raissa Estrela,Odalys Garcia,Daniela P. T. Thomazella,Bruno V. de Oliveira,Acassia Benjamin Leal Pires,Maria Carolina Scatolin do Rio,Marcos Renato R. Araújo,Marcos H. de Moraes,Luis As Castro,Karina Peres Gramacho,Marilda Souza Goncalves,José Pereira de Moura Neto,Aristóteles Góes Neto,Luciana Veiga Barbosa,Mark J. Guiltinan,Bryan A. Bailey,Lyndel W. Meinhardt,J.C.M. Cascardo,Gonçalo A.G. Pereira +29 more
TL;DR: A significant portion of the M. perniciosa genome is involved in stress adaptation and plant necrosis, two necessary characteristics for a hemibiotrophic fungus to fulfill its infection cycle.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biochemical changes during the development of witches' broom: the most important disease of cocoa in Brazil caused by Crinipellis perniciosa
L. M. Scarpari,Lyndel W. Meinhardt,Paulo Mazzafera,A. W. V. Pomella,Marlene Aparecida Schiavinato,J.C.M. Cascardo,Gonçalo A.G. Pereira +6 more
TL;DR: Results show co-ordinated biochemical alterations in the infected tissues, indicating major stress responses with the production of ethylene, hypothesized to play a key role in broom development.
References
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Microbiology of the Phyllosphere
Steven E. Lindow,Maria T. Brandl +1 more
TL;DR: The above-ground parts of plants are normally colonized by a variety of bacteria, yeasts, and fungi, which can be isolated from within plant tissues, but many more are recovered from the surfaces of healthy plants.
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Fungal endophytes in dicotyledonous neotropical trees: patterns of abundance and diversity
TL;DR: This work uses similarity indices to assess host preference and spatial heterogeneity of endophytes associated with two co-occurring, but distantly related, understorey tree species in two sites of that forest, and assess the utility of indices based on frequencies of morphospecies occurrence and on presenceabsence data.
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Origins of decay in living deciduous trees: the role of moisture content and a re-appraisal of the expanded concept of tree decay
Lynne Boddy,Alan D. M. Rayner +1 more
TL;DR: It is argued that the development of decay in living hardwoods can best be explained in terms of the unsuitability of functional sapwood for mycelial establishment owing to its high moisture content and lack of easily assimilable nutrients other than within living cells.
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The causal agents of witches' broom and frosty pod rot of cacao (chocolate, Theobroma cacao) form a new lineage of Marasmiaceae.
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