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Open accessJournal ArticleDOI
10 Dec 1999-Vaccine
449 Citations
Thus, the enhanced immunogenicity of 'self-replicating' genetic vaccines may be a result of the production of pro-inflammatory dsRNA, which mimics an RNA-virus infection of host cells.
Like other types of nucleic acid vaccines, mRNA vaccines have the potential to combine the positive attributes of live attenuated vaccines while obviating many potential safety limitations.
As new cancer antigens come to the forefront with novel RNA encapsulation and targeting techniques, RNA vaccines may prove to be a vital, safe and robust method to initiate patient-specific anti-tumor efficacy.
Notably, our data demonstrate that mRNA vaccines can compete with licensed vaccines based on inactivated virus or are even superior in respect of functional antibody and T cell responses.
These results suggest that the incorporation of low-fidelity mutations into the RdRp of live-attenuated vaccines for RNA viruses can confer increased immunogenicity whilst showing some evidence of increased attenuation.
Journal ArticleDOI
22 Jun 2012-Vaccine
150 Citations
Nucleic acid vaccines consisting of plasmid DNA, viral vectors or RNA may change the way the next generation vaccines are produced, as they have the potential to combine the benefits of live-attenuated vaccines, without the complications often associated with live-attenuated vaccine safety and manufacturing.
Journal ArticleDOI
22 Jun 2012-Vaccine
150 Citations
Possible drawbacks related to the cost and feasibility of manufacturing RNA vaccines are being addressed, increasing the likelihood that RNA-based vaccines will be commercially viable.
Naked, non-infectious, self-replicating RNA may be an excellent candidate for the development of new cancer vaccines.
Given the many positive attributes of nucleic acid vaccines, our results suggest that a comprehensive evaluation of nonviral technologies to deliver self-amplifying RNA vaccines is warranted.
This suggests that protein-based vaccines formulated using RNA adjuvant function as live-attenuated vaccines.