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These findings suggest that coronavirus RNA synthesis is carried out on a ribonucleoprotein via a mechanism that involves both viral and cellular proteins associated with viral RNA, similar to DNA-dependent RNA transcription.
Coronavirus RNA transcription and replication may serve as a paradigm of RNA synthesis for RNA viruses in general.
They also demonstrate that, in contrast to reported natural mouse hepatitis coronavirus DI RNAs, the DI RNA of the bovine coronavirus does not require sequence elements originating from discontinuous downstream regions within the polymerase gene for replication or for packaging.
The data suggest that coronavirus replication involves an RNA superstructure at the 5′ end of the genome or one comprising both ends of the genomic RNA.
Therefore, the previously proposed hypothesis that coronavirus, subgenomic RNA synthesis may inhibit the replication of genomic RNA by competing for a limited amount of virus-derived factors seems unlikely.
Taken together, these observations suggest that the coronavirus replicative organelle plays an important role in viral replication, perhaps facilitating the production or protection of viral RNA.
We find that highly stable RNA structures are pervasive throughout coronavirus genomes, and are conserved between the SARS-like CoV.
Altogether, these data led us to suggest that all coronavirus N proteins might be RNA chaperones.
Open accessJournal ArticleDOI
David A. Brian, D. E. Dennis, James S. Guy 
53 Citations
This coronavirus can therefore be characterized as a positive-strand RNA virus.
Abstract Structure predictions suggest a partial conservation of RNA structure elements in coronavirus terminal genome regions.