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Is the HIV genome AT rich?

RNA-dependent RNA polymerase

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The HIV genome is indeed AT rich, with an exceptionally high frequency of adenine (A) nucleotides compared to cytosine (C) nucleotides. This high A-pressure in the lentivirus family of retroviruses, including HIV, correlates with the amino acid usage in viral proteins. The nucleotide composition of the HIV-1 genome is highly conserved over time, with minimal variation, likely achieved through negative selection to maintain semi-stable RNA secondary structures. Furthermore, modifications to reduce A-rich sequences within the HIV-1 genome have been shown to impact viral infectivity, highlighting the functional significance of these A-rich RNA elements in supporting viral processes like cDNA synthesis during reverse transcription. Overall, the data suggests that the HIV genome exhibits a notable bias towards A-rich sequences, contributing to its AT-rich nature.

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Open access•Journal Article•DOI HIV-1 Genomes Are Enriched in Memory CD4+ T-Cells with Short Half-Lives. Vincent Morcilla, Charline Bacchus-Souffan, Katie Fisher, Bethany A Horsburgh, Bonnie Hiener, Xiao Qian Wang, Timothy E. Schlub, Mark Fitch, Rebecca Hoh, Frederick Hecht, Jeffrey N. Martin, Steven G. Deeks, Marc K. Hellerstein, Joseph M. McCune, Peter W. Hunt, Sarah Palmer - Show less +15 more 21 Sep 2021-Mbio 7 Citations	Not addressed in the paper.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI The unusual nucleotide content of the HIV RNA genome results in a biased amino acid composition of HIV proteins Benjamin Berkhout, F J van Hemert - Show less +1 more 11 May 1994-Nucleic Acids Research 94 Citations	Yes, the HIV genome is AT rich, with extremely high frequencies of the A nucleotide, resulting in biased amino acid composition of HIV proteins due to A-pressure.
Open access•Posted Content•DOI HIV reservoirs are dominated by genetically younger and clonally enriched proviruses Natalie N. Kinloch, Aniqa Shahid, Winnie Dong, Don Kirkby, Bradley R Jones, C. J. Van Beelen, Daniel MacMillan, Talia M. Mota, Hanwei Sudderuddin, E. Barad, Marianne Harris, Chanson J. Brumme, R. Brad Jones, Mark A. Brockman, Jeffrey B. Joy, Zabrina L. Brumme - Show less +15 more 13 Apr 2023-bioRxiv	Not addressed in the paper.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI The A-rich RNA sequences of HIV-1 pol are important for the synthesis of viral cDNA Caroline P Keating, Melissa K. Hill, David Hawkes, Redmond P. Smyth, Catherine Isel, Shu-Yun Le, Ann C. Palmenberg, John A Marshall, Roland Marquet, Gary J. Nabel, Johnson Mak - Show less +10 more 01 Feb 2009-Nucleic Acids Research 35 Citations	The HIV-1 pol region contains A-rich sequences crucial for viral cDNA synthesis, indicating a functional role for A-rich RNA elements rather than being a result of hypermutations.

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