Showing papers on "Alkylation published in 1970"
TL;DR: Experiments imply that, for a deeper understanding of the biological action of AA, the following factors should also be considered: (a) secondary reactions after alkylation of, e.g. DNA (especially important for chromosomal aberrations) and protein; (b) lipid/water partition; (c) steric factors on the side of AA as well as the receptor molecule.
163 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the catalytic activity and properties peculiar to zeolite Y in various cationic and decationized forms during the alkylation reaction of toluene with methanol were investigated.
111 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a reduction of methylpyrrole carboxylic esters using hydriodic acid or HCl/AcOH-Zn/Hg was proposed.
Abstract: Methylpyrrole carboxylic esters generally are reductively methylated at 25–45°. Some are also reductively alkylated by aliphatic aldehydes generally to give, for example, 2,3(or 2,4)-dimethyl-4(or 3)-alkyl-5-carbethoxypyrroles, using hydriodic acid or HCl/AcOH–Zn/Hg respectively. An analogous alkylation by glyoxylic acid gave 5-carbethoxyhemopyrrole-dicarboxylic ester. Using HI, paraldehyde at 100° gave diethyl derivatives of dimethylpyrroles, and aminoacetal at 35° converted 2,4-dimethyl-3-acetylpyrrole into its 5-(2-amino-ethyl)-derivative. Reductive alkylations have been most useful with pyrroles but HI converted 2-biphenylcarbaldehyde into fluorene.
95 citations
91 citations
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73 citations
TL;DR: The results indicate that the mechanisms of hydrolysis of 111, IV, and V (as that of the unsubstituted aziridine derivative, AB-100) are essentially sN2, in contrast to the much faster hy- drolysisOf the 2,2-dimethylaziridine analog,AB-132, which in- volves a carbonium-ion mechanism.
67 citations
65 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of the calcination temperature and the degree of cation exchange of NH4-Y, and the addition of hydrogen chloride to Mn-Y zeolite, in relation to the selectivity of p-xylene formation, was studied for the alkylation reaction of toluene with methanol.
63 citations
TL;DR: The reaction was studied by incubation of fatty acid with S-adenosylmethionine-methyl-14C and isolation of the labeled ester and some methyl ester was formed when phospholipids were added to the incubation mixture, presumably because lipase action liberated fatty acids which could serve as substrates.
58 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1970
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors define and classify solid acids and bases on solid surfaces and determine acid and base properties on the surfaces of these acids and base classes, including basic and acid-base properties.
Abstract: 1. Definition and Classification of Solid Acids and Bases. 2. Determination of Acidic and Basic Properties on Solid Surfaces. Acidic property. Basic property. Acid-base property. 3. Acid and Base Centers: Structure and Acid-Base Property. Metal oxides. Mixed metal oxides. Clay minerals. Zeolites. Heteropoly compounds. Ion-exchange resins. Metal sulfides. Metal sulfates and phosphates. Superacids. Superbases. 4. Catalytic Activity and Selectivity. Isomerization. Alkylation. Acylation. Transalkylation of alkylaromatics. Hydration of olefins. Conversion of methanol into hydrocarbons. Dehydration. Dehydrohalogenation. Oligomerization and polymerization. Esterification. Hydrolysis. Catalytic cracking. Hydrocracking (hydrogenolysis). Catalytic reforming. Hydrogenation. Dehydrogenation. Oxidation. Miscellaneous. 5. Deactivation and Regeneration. Deactivation. Coke deposition. Coke deposition and deactivation. Regeneration. 6. Related Topics. Gas sensors. Adsorbents. Pressure sensitive recording paper. Cosmetic pigments. Subject Index. Catalyst Index.
Patent•
29 Apr 1970TL;DR: In this article, the authors have described Aminoic ACIDS of the structure of the Benzene in 1-Y,2-(R-S(=O)N-),4-(R2-CO-),(R1-NH-) and 2-HALO ANALOG THEREOF or by alkylation of the Free AMINO COMPOUND.
Abstract: AMINOBENZOIC ACIDS OF THE STRUCTURE 1-Y,2-(R-S(=O)N-),4-(R2-CO-),(R1-NH-)BENZENE HAVING SALURETIC AND DIURETIC PROPERTIES ARE DESCRIBED. THESE COMPOUNDS ARE PREPARED BY AMIDATION OF A 2-HALO ANALOG THEREOF OR BY ALKYLATION OF THE FREE AMINO COMPOUND.
TL;DR: In this article, the chemical shifts of these derivatives in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were determined and the frontier π-electron densities of nitrogens in purine ring were calculated by simple LCAOMO method.
Abstract: Alkyl and glycosyl migration reactions of N-1, N-3, N-7 and N-9 substituted derivatives of adenine, N6, N6-dimethyladenine, N2-acetylguanine and purine were demonstrated. In addition, the chemical shifts of these derivatives in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were determined and the frontier π-electron densities of nitrogens in purine ring were calculated by simple LCAOMO method. These results provided the order of thermodynamical stability and kinetical favour of the derivatives on the alkylation reaction.
Patent•
25 Jun 1970TL;DR: In this paper, a method of preparing a catalyst useful in hydrocarbon conversion such as alkylation and polymerization was proposed, which relates to the polymerization of polymerizable hydrocarbons e.g. propylene.
Abstract: This invention relates to a method of preparing a catalyst useful in hydrocarbon conversion such as alkylation and polymerization. More particularly, this invention relates to the polymerization of polymerizable hydrocarbons e.g. propylene and the alkylation of alkylatable hydrocarbons e.g. benzene in the presence of an alumina catalyst activated with an organic species having at least two carbon atoms per molecule, and chlorine or bromine in suitable proportions, or with a mixture of multicarbon activators and chlorine and bromine.
TL;DR: The reactivities of the —SH groups of Peptides N and A, as measured by the rates of reaction with iodoacetamide, are altered in a definable manner by treatments of the other sites, and each variation in reactivity may represent a conformational change in the protein.
TL;DR: In this article, the chemical behavior of 6-hydroxy-4,5-dihydro-1,2,4 H -oxazines (VI) has been investigated, showing that when two dissymmetric centers are present in VI rapid epimerization can be observed at C-6, probably through the open chain form.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a review of the use of enamine nitrogen as a defense against electrophilic attack or to protect a carbonyl group during certain transformations of the final product.
Abstract: The material presented in this review is separated into cases where the enamine nitrogen serves only to activate a position in a molecule to electrophilic attack or to protect a carbonyl group during certain transformations of the molecule, and is then removed, and others, where the enamine nitrogen constitutes part of the final structure: 1. Reactions not involving incorporation of the enamine nitrogen into the molecular skeleton of the final product 1.1. Alkylation 1.2. Acylation 1.3. Cyclocondensation 1.4. Introduction of hetero substituents 1.5. The use of the enamine function as protective group 1.6. Miscellaneous reactions 2. Synthetic sequences involving incorporation of the enamine nitrogen into the molecular skeleton of the final product.