Showing papers on "Fluorene published in 1972"
TL;DR: In this paper, a comparative study of metastable peaks formed in the first field free region during the fragmentation of stilbene and fluorene indicates that the [M − 1] ion of fluoride and [M - 15] ion have a common [C13H9]- (m/e 165) ion to only 75%.
Abstract: A comparative study of metastable peaks formed in the first field free region during the fragmentation of stilbene and fluorene indicates that [M — 1] ion of fluorene and the [M — 15] ion of stilbene have a common [C13H9]+ (m/e 165) ion to only 75%. Demethylation of the stilbene cation leads to some extent to a more reactive [C13H9]+ species with a different structure.
20 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, high-resolution 1 H NMR spectra are reported for dilute solutions of fluorene (I), benzo[ c ]-(II), Benzo[ b ]-(III), and benzo [ a ]fluorene(IV), and dibenzo[ a, g ]fluoresne (V).
12 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a number of new iodo-substituted fluorenes, such as -9,9′-bifluorenylidenes, 9, 9′-biophenylylene, and -1,4-bis(2,2′)-biphenylyene)-1,3-butadienes, were synthesized by the reaction of 2- or 2,7-diiodofluorene with potassium cyanide-cupric cyanide in N,N-dimethylformamide.
Abstract: The Michael-addition reaction between 2-iodofluorene and 9,9′-bifluorenylidene gave exclusively the normal addition product. The same reaction of fluorene with 2,2′-diiodo-9,9′-bifluorenylidene, of 2,7-diiodofluorene with 9,9′-bifluorenylidene, and of fluorene with 2,7,2′,7′-tetraiodo-9,9′-bifluorenylidene afforded not only the normal adducts, but also some abnormal compounds. Some new iodo-substituted fluorenes, -9,9′-bifluorenylidenes, -9,9-bifluorenyls, and -1,4-bis(2,2′-biphenylylene)-1,3-butadienes, were synthesized. The hydrogenolyses of 2- or 2,7-di-iodofluorene with lithium aluminum hydride, Raney nickel, and hydriodic acid were performed relatively smoothly to give fluorene. The Grignard and the Ullmann reactions of 2- or 2,7-diiodofluorene gave the usual, expected compounds, accompanied by some unusual products. The cyano-substituted fluorenes were prepared by the reaction of 2- or 2,7-diiodofluorene with potassium cyanide–cupric cyanide in N,N-dimethylformamide.
9 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the metastable triplet state T1 of fluorene molecules was investigated at 1.6 and 4.2 °K, and the average spin lattice relaxation rate constant was w = (0.8 ± 0.2) sec-1.
Abstract: Abstract The metastable triplet state T1 of fluorene molecules in a fluorene crystal, disturbed by the presence of dibenzothiophene (“X-traps”) was investigated at 1.6 and 4.2 °K. From ESR measurements a model for the fluoren X-traps is derived. The X-trap molecule is misoriented by an angle of 2,5° in the fluorene crystal. The rate constants for population (s), radiative decay (kD) and total decay (k) of the three magnetic sublevels of T1 were determined by analysis of phosphorescence intensity and decay time in high magnetic field and by optically detected ESR. We find (with z = axis perpendicular to the molecule, x = long axis): The average spin lattice relaxation rate constant is w = (0.8 ± 0.2) sec- 1 .
9 citations
9 citations
7 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the 5, 6-diphenyl-11, 12-dihydro-indeno[2.1]-fluorene is obtained by reduction of the already known 11, 12dioxoderivative.
Abstract: Starting from 2-methyl- and from 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-diphenyl-butadiene-1, 3 respectively, the 5-methyl- and the 5,6-dimethyl-11, 12-dihydro-indeno[2.1-a]fluorene are synthesized in 4 steps. The 5, 6-diphenyl-11, 12-dihydro-indeno[2.1-a]fluorene is obtained by reduction of the already known 11, 12-dioxoderivative. Accesorily a new preparation of the unsubstituted hydrocarbon is described.
5 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the transannular interaction between naphthalene and phenanthrene in 4H-cyclopenta[def]phenanthrene-4-spiro-7′-(6b,7a-dihydro-7H -cyclopropa[a]acenaphthylene]-9′-fluorene was studied spectroscopically and photochemically.
Abstract: The transannular interaction between naphthalene and phenanthrene in 4H-cyclopenta[def]phenanthrene-4-spiro-7′-(6b,7a-dihydro-7H-cyclopropa[a]acenaphthylene)(1) and between naphthalene and fluorene in 6b,7a-dihydro-7H-cyclopropa[a]acenaphthylene-7-spiro-9′-fluorene (2) was studied spectroscopically and photochemically. The difference between electronic absorption of these rigid model compounds and that of their component chromophores was examined by an SCF–Cl–CNDO–MO procedure with partial through-space bonding of the nonconjugated π-systems. Satisfactory agreement between theoretically predicted absorption spectra and those determined experimentally was found for both (1) and (2) and their continuously conjugated photoproducts.
4 citations
Patent•
08 Dec 1972TL;DR: In this paper, a 9-dialkylaminoalkyl-Nsubstituted-fluorene-9-carboxamides (9-DNLN) was proposed for anti-bacterial and anti-fungal agents.
Abstract: The present invention is concerned with 9-dialkylaminoalkyl-Nsubstituted-fluorene-9-carboxamides. These compounds are prepared by contacting fluorene-9-carboxylic acid chloride with an appropriate diamine to form the corresponding amide, then reacting that with an appropriate dialkylaminoalkylhalide in the presence of base to form the 9-dialkylaminoalkyl-N-substitutedfluorene-9-carboxamides. The compounds of the present invention are useful as anti-bacterial and anti-fungal agents.
4 citations
3 citations
Patent•
05 Jul 1972
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a formulae 9-(Z=),BIS((R-N<(-(CH2)3-(CH 2)M-))-(Ch2)N-OOC-) FLUORENONE BIS-BASIC ESTER COMPOUNDS, their METHODS OF PREPARATION and USE as ANTIVIRAL AGENTS.
Abstract: NOVEL FLUORENE AND FLUORENONE BIS-BASIC ESTER COMPOUNDS, THEIR METHODS OF PREPARATION AND USE AS ANTIVIRAL AGENTS. THE COMPOUNDS ARE REPRESENTED BY THE FORMULA 9-(Z=),BIS((R-N<(-(CH2)3-(CH2)M-))-(CH2)N-OOC-)FLUORENE WHEREIN Z IS OXYGEN OR H2; N IS 0, 1 TO 2; M IS 1 OR 2 AND R IS HYDROGEN, LOWER ALKAYL OF FROM 1 TO 4 CARBON ATOMS OR ALKENYL OF FROM 3 TO 6 CARBON ATOMS UNSATURATION IN OTHER THAN THE 1-POSITION OF THE ALKENYL GROUP AND WITH THE PROVISO THAT WHEN N IS 0 THE OXYGEN ATOM IS NOT CONNECTED TO THE CARBONS BEARING THEN NITROGEN ATOM OR TO THE NITROGEN ATOM OF THR HETEROCYCLIC RING. ALSO INCLUDED ARE THE ACID ADDITON SALTS OF THESE COMPOUNDS.
TL;DR: Dimethyl 1, 2, 3, 10-tetrahydro-4β, 10α-dimethyl-4H-fluorene-4α, 6-dicarboxylate and its hydrogenated stereoisomers were nitrated with conc. HNO3-Ac2O to give mononitro compound as a single product as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Dimethyl 1, 2, 3, 10-tetrahydro-4β, 10α-dimethyl-4H-fluorene-4α, 6-dicarboxylate and its hydrogenated stereoisomers were nitrated with conc. HNO3-Ac2O to give mononitro compound as a single product. Namely, l5-diester (X) was nitrated to give only 12-nitro compound (XI) and, in contrast, four possible stereoisomers due to the asymmetric centers at C-5 and C-6 of the saturated diester (XVII, XVIII, XIX, and XX) gave only 13-nitro compounds (XXI, XXII, XXIII, and XIV, respectively). Accordingly, 12-and 13-substituted (NO2, NH2, OH, and OMe) compound could be optionally obtained herein.
Patent•
16 Oct 1972
TL;DR: In this article, the treatment of inflammatory conditions is a new use for certain known compounds; specifically, fluorene-2-acetic acid and its 7-halo, 7-amino, and 7-nitro derivatives.
Abstract: Novel fluorene-2-acetic acid derivatives and methods for preparing these derivatives are provided. Inflammatory conditions may be treated by administering these novel compounds. Additionally, it has been found that the treatment of inflammatory conditions is a new use for certain known compounds; specifically, fluorene-2-acetic acid and its 7-halo, 7-amino, and 7-nitro derivatives.
TL;DR: In this paper, a new vacuum-type stopped-flow apparatus was built to study the reactions of highly reactive anionic species, such as n-butyl-lithium with fluorene in tetrahydrofuran.
Abstract: We have built a new vacuum-type stopped-flow apparatus to study the reactions of highly reactive anionic species. Reactions having a half-life as low as 5 milliseconds can be followed from room temperature to –80 °C under conditions which rigorously exclude impurities.Our first measurements by use of this new method have been carried out on the reaction of n-butyl-lithium with fluorene in tetrahydrofuran. The thermodynamic constants of activation determined for this reaction are: ΔG‡ 14·1 kcal mol–1, ΔH‡ 4·7 kcal mol–1, and ΔS‡–31·2 cal mol–1 K–1.
TL;DR: In this article, the synthesis of 12- and 13-hydroxy diesters (XIII, XIV, XXI, and XXII) was studied in the unstable trans-(II) and stable cis-A/B-ring fused isomer (V) by reduction in lithium-liq. ammonia system and then by hydration with mercuric acetate.
Abstract: Syntheses of 12- and 13-hydroxy diesters (XIII, XIV, XXI, and XXII) regarded as important intermediates for the formation of D-ring as in gibberellin, were accomplished in the unstable trans-(II) and stable cis-A/B-ring fused isomer (V) by reduction in lithium-liq. ammonia system and then by hydration with mercuric acetate. It is noticeable that 12-hydroxy diester (XX) obtained by epimerization at C-6 of the unstable form (XIII) has the same skeleton as in A- and B-ring of gibberallin A12.
TL;DR: In this paper, the rate constant for reaction with the naphthalene anion-radical increases symbatically with increase in the acidity of the hydrocarbons, but a decrease in the activation energy in the indicated series is not observed here.
Abstract: In the series diphenylmethane, triphenylmethane, fluorene, the rate constant for reaction with the potassium naphthalene anion-radical increases symbatically with increase in the acidity of the hydrocarbons, but a decrease in the activation energy in the indicated series is not observed here.