Showing papers on "Isopropyl alcohol published in 2001"

Formation and Characterization of a Useful Biological Microemulsion System Using Mixed Oil (Ricebran and Isopropyl Myristate), Polyoxyethylene(2)oleyl Ether (Brij 92), Isopropyl Alcohol, and Water

Abstract: A ‘biological microemulsion’ prepared using mixed oil (ricebran oil and isopropylmyristate), mixed amphiphiles (Brij 92 and isopropyl alcohol), and water has been studied with respect to phase behavior, shear viscosity, droplet dimension, and energetics of formation. The viscosity measured at different shear rates and temperatures has been analyzed for understanding the internal consistency of the system, and the activation parameters for its viscous flow. The hydrodynamic diameter, diffusion coefficient, and polydispersity of the dispersed droplets of both water-in-oil and oil-in-water samples have been determined from dynamic light scattering (DLS) experiments. The energetics of formation have been evaluated from calorimetric measurements.

Method of and apparatus for drying a wafer using isopropyl alcohol

Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for drying a wafer using the Marangoni effect quickly forms an isopropyl alcohol layer on a cleaning liquid in which the wafer is submerged. The isopropyl alcohol is first heated and then supplied in a fluid state onto the cleaning liquid. The isopropyl alcohol liquid thus diffuses rapidly to form the isopropyl alcohol layer. The wafer is thoroughly dried by removing it from the cleaning liquid through the isopropyl alcohol while only supplying more of the heated nitrogen gas into the ambient above the cleaning liquid.

Influence of Organic Diluents on Cellulose Carboxymethylation

Abstract: A comparative study of the influence of acetone, isopropyl alcohol and mixtures of ethanol-acetone and ethanol-isopropyl alcohol on the cellulose structure during alkalization is presented. The kinetic behavior and distribution of substituents in the carboxymethylation stage are explained tentatively. It is shown that the decrystallization is more pronounced and the proportion of cellulose I is higher for samples alkalized in ethanol-isopropanol and ethanol-acetone mixtures containing up to about 50% ethanol, as compared with those produced in isopropyl alcohol or acetone. The distribution of substituents in the C 6 position, as evaluated by 1 H NMR spectroscopy, is correlatedwith the change of the cellulose structure revealed by X-ray analysis data.

Methyl Isobutyl Ketone

Abstract: Methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) is an industrially important solvent and chemical intermediate, which after methyl methacrylate and bisphenol A is the third largest tonnage product obtained from acetone MIBK is produced by four different routes: a three-step process via diacetone alcohol and mesityl oxide intermediates; a one-step process from acetone and hydrogen; a one-step process from isopropyl alcohol; and a single or multistep mixed feed process MIBK is generally considered to exhibit low mammalian toxicity However, MIBK must be handled with adequate ventilation Its vapor is heavier than air and can travel a considerable distance to a source of ignition The major use of MIBK is as a solvent for surface coatings It is also used in a variety of nonsurface-coating applications As a raw material it is used in the manufacture of rubber antiozonants Keywords: methyl isobuty ketone; acetone; solvents; antiozonants; mesityl oxide

Process for producing ultra-high purity isopropanol

Abstract: A process for producing high purity isopropyl alcohol. In one embodiment, the process comprising the steps of: (a) feeding a feed stream comprising at least about 99.9 wt. % isopropyl alcohol into a separation column; (b) separating the isopropyl alcohol into an overhead stream taken overhead from the separation column and a bottoms stream taken as bottoms from the separation column; and (c) removing the high purity isopropyl alcohol at a point: (i) below where the feed stream enters the separation column but above the bottoms stream, or (ii) above where the feed stream enters the separation column but below the overhead stream, wherein the high purity isopropyl alcohol has a metals content of less than about 1 ppb and a water content of less than about 100 ppm. Optionally, the process includes the step of passing the high purity isopropyl alcohol through an ion exchange resin after removing the high purity isopropyl alcohol from the separation column, thereby forming an ultra-high purity isopropyl alcohol that contains less than 100 ppt of any metal impurity.

Semi-photocatalytic filter having deodorant/antibacterial function

Abstract: PURPOSE: Provided is a semi-photocatalytic filter that has superior deodorant/antibacterial function even in the absence of light sources such as UV lamp. CONSTITUTION: The filter is prepared by the following steps: a preparation step of a solution or a photo semi-conductive composite ceramic from the mixture of 50 % TiO2 sol, 40% SiO2 sol, 9% ZnO sol, and 1% silver, an impregnation step of the solution or the ceramic on the pore of filter, and a dry step. Titanium isopropoxide (Ti(OCH(CH3)2)4) and isopropyl alcohol (CH3)2CHOH) are used as precursors of 0.57 mol/l TiO2 sol, tetraethyl orthosilicate tetraethoxysilane (C8H20O4Si) and isopropyl alcohol (CH3)2CHOH) as 0.44 mol/l SiO2 sol, and Zn acetate (Zn(C2H3O2)2) as 0.5 mol/l ZnO. Non-woven fiber, activated carbon, zeolite, or ocher is used as a filter material.

Evaluation of regioselectivity of lipases based on synthesis reaction conducted with propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol and propylene glycol

Abstract: Preliminary investigations on the regioselectiviy of various lipases were performed Ten commercial lipases from different origins, including three immobilized lipases, were tested by esterification reaction between caprylic acid and propyl or isopropyl alcohol in n-hexane Reaction products were analyzed with a gas chromatograph Best yields were obtained with immobilized lipase IM60 from Rhizomucor miehei Therefore, this enzyme was chosen as biocatalyst for a second step of regioselectiviy study with propylene glycol which bears primary and secondary alcohol groups It was shown, by using several solvents, that polarity could influence the product profile in situations in which multiple products of various polarities can be formed Furthermore, the major role of silica gel in reaction mixture was established

Alternative fuel to gasoline

Abstract: The development of a fuel that is an alternative fuel to gasoline for internal combustion engines, which does not discharge toxic gases such as sulfur oxide that causes pollution, is low-pollution, and yet is highly efficient with a high output of power. An alternative fuel to gasoline including alcohol as the principal component, said alcohol comprising a mixed alcohol of 51˜60 percentage by weight of ethanol and/or methanol and isopropyl alcohol and isobutanol (mixing ratio: 9˜6:1.5˜0.5:2˜1), 20 plus or minus 5 percentage by weight of paraffinic hydrocarbon of five to eight carbon atoms, and 30 plus or minus 5 percentage by weight of toluene, maintaining an output equal to that of gasoline, yet without the need to be used with gasoline or reformed gasoline, and in addition decreasing the generation of toxic gases such as sulfur oxide and the like.

Effect of alcohol cosolvents on the aqueous solubility of trichloroethylene

Abstract: Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a halogenated organic compound, which due to its unique properties and solvent effects, has been widely used as an ingredient in industrial cleaning solutions and as a universal degreasing agent. Due to its wide use, TCE is prevalent in contaminated soil and Superfund sites. This has generated a high degree of interest in efficient and cost-effective technologies that can be used to remediate soil contaminated with TCE. In situ and pump-and-treat chemical and biological remediation techniques work more efficiently in aqueous phase systems. Therefore, extraction of TCE from soil is a widespread area of interest. Three alcohols (methanol, ethanol, and isopropyl alcohol) were used as cosolvents with water in bench-scale, thoroughly mixed batch systems, and TCE solubility was determined as a function of cosolvent concentration with an input TCE concentration of 10,000 ppm. These cosolvents were selected based on their low toxicity, high solubility, low cost, and other favorable factors. Preliminary results show at low cosolvent additions (<5%), there was no difference between various alcohols and there was no significant TCE solubility enhancement over TCE solubility in water (~1000 ppm). At 25% alcohol addition, TCE solubility was enhanced to the same extent (~3000 ppm) by both ethanol and isopropyl alcohol, which was about 1.5 times the amount of TCE dissolved by methanol. At 50% alcohol addition, isopropyl alcohol performed the best (TCE solubility = 10,000 ppm; maximum TCE available), followed by ethanol (TCE solubility = 8,500 ppm) and methanol (TCE solubility = 6,100 ppm). In pure cosolvents (100% cosolvent, 0% water), all three alcohols dissolved all the available TCE of 10,000 ppm. Three models (power law, quadratic, and exponential) were tested to fit the experimental data. The power law model was the least successful, while both quadratic and exponential models performed very well with R 2 values greater than 0.995 for almost all cosolvents.

Insect repellent comprising essential volatile oils and use thereof

Abstract: A composition that has insect repellent properties is made from essential volatile oils. The inventive composition includes a combination of menthol, eucalyptus oil, citronella oil and/or tea tree oil, alcohol, water and skin moisturizing components. Menthol in crystal or liquid form. Essential oil of eucalyptus. Essential oil of citronella and/or tea tree oil. Isopropyl alcohol, grain alcohol or any other type of distilled alcohol. Deionized, distilled or any other type of sterile water. Skin conditioning oils including but not limited to mineral oil, jojoba oil, glycerin, Vitamin E. The topical composition can be formulated as a solution, suspension, cream, ointment, gel, film or spray.

Coating foods and pharmaceuticals with an edible polymer using carbon dioxide

Abstract: A sprayable liquid coating composition, particularly for application to foodstuffs and pharmaceuticals, utilizes gaseous carbon dioxide to reduce the viscosity of a concentrated solution comprising an edible polymer and a solvent, such as ethyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol. The addition of the gaseous carbon dioxide in the concentrated solution permits a sprayable composition to be produced using a significantly reduced level of solvent in the edible polymer/solvent solution. By reducing the amount of solvent used in the solution, the level of VOCs emission during the coating process also is reduced. Either supercritical carbon dioxide or subcritical carbon dioxide can be used as the gaseous carbon dioxide in the present invention.

Low-pollution light oil

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a low-pollution light oil which emits little amount of the black smoke when used on a diesel engine. SOLUTION: The low-pollution light oil is formed by being mixed with an alkyl ester of a fatty acid of 3-40 wt.% and alcohols of 5-30 wt.%, each on the basis of the total weight. The alkyl ester of the fatty acid is one selected from the group consisting of an alkyl ester of palm oil fatty acid, an alkyl ester of rapeseed oil fatty acid and an alkyl ester of soy-bean oil fatty acid, preferably methyl ester of palm oil fatty acid. The alcohols are preferably a mixture of two or more kinds of alcohols selected from the group consisting of ethanol, n-propanol, n-butanol, isobutyl alcohol, t-butyl alcohol, n-pentyl alcohol, t-pentyl alcohol, isopentyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, ethylhexanol, and 2-methyl-1-propanol (isobutanol). COPYRIGHT: (C)2002,JPO

Activated Carbon for Removing Tetrachloroethylene from Alcohol Solutions

Abstract: Alcohol (cosolvent) flooding is a relatively new, in situ technique for enhancing the removal of organic solvents from groundwater aquifers. Recovery of the alcohol for reinjection is important for ensuring the cost-effectiveness of this technology. The research goal was to investigate the ability of activated carbon to remove tetrachloroethylene (PCE) from alcohol solutions, allowing reuse of the alcohol in the cosolvent-flooding process. Laboratory studies were conducted using PCE (concentrations ranged from 10 to 100,000 mg/L) and isopropyl alcohol or ethanol. Alcohol concentrations ranged from 0 to 80% (v/v). A field application conducted at the Dover National Test Site in Delaware consisted of treating 60 to 70% (v/v) ethanol solutions containing PCE concentrations ranging from 500 to 2,000 mg/L with carbon-filled drums. PCE adsorbed onto activated carbon even at high alcohol concentrations; however, the Freundlich coefficient (Kf) was reduced by almost two orders of magnitude with increasing alcohol...

An addition of Gasoline Fuel.

Abstract: PURPOSE: Provided is an alcohol fuel for substituting gasoline or an additive of gasoline, which is low pollution fuel and has high octane value and can be used in a conventional gasoline internal combustion engine car without changing structure of the car. CONSTITUTION: The alcohol fuel comprises 54wt.% of alcohol, 12wt.% of isopentane, 10wt.% of C9+, 10wt.% of hydrotreated light naphtha, and 14wt.% of xylene, wherein the alcohol comprises 38wt.% of methanol, 8wt.% of isobutanol, 4wt.% of isopropyl alcohol, and 4wt.% of M.T.B.E. The alcohol fuel exhausts lower amount of HC, NO, and NOx than conventional gasoline.

Chemical method of removing paint film on plastic resin using isopropyl alcohol

Abstract: Thermosetting paint film is removed by adding plastic resin coated with thermosetting paint film into a mixed solution of an alcoholic solvent and alkali and heating this mixed solution while stirring. Isopropyl alcohol, phenoxy alcohol and alkali are added in a reactor and heated to a temperature of 50-70° C. while stirring. Plastic resin coated with thermosetting paint film is added and a reaction is performed while maintaining the temperature. The isopropyl alcohol and phenoxy alcohol are added in a mixed ratio of 70-90:30-10.

The Novel Synthesis of Carboxymethyl-chitin by a New Process

Abstract: . ABSTRACT. The water soluble carboxymethyl-chitin (CM-chitin) has been well known to be very useful to the cosmetic field as a moisturizer, a smoothener, a cell activater and a cleaner for face skin conditioning. In this study, the preparation process of CM-chitin was simplified with elimination of some procedures in the conventional method. The chitin powder was mixed with sodium hydroxide solution. And then a mixture of sodium monochloroacetate (or monochloroacetic acid) and isopropyl alcohol (or a mixed solution with water and isopropyl alcohol) was added to thorough the agitation and the freezing during 16 hours. The CM-chitin with a high degree of substitution by the improved process was obtained.

Low-pollution fuel composition

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable to completely expel CO and remarkably reduce a HC content in an exhaust gas with increasing the rotation speed of an engine without remodeling the internal combustion engine. SOLUTION: This composition consists of methyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, toluene, treat naphtha and acetone and the weight ration of the sum amount of methyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, toluene and treat naphtha to acetone is characterized to be 77:23.

Indirect determination of thiocyanate with ammonium sulfate and isopropyl alcohol by extraction-flotation of copper

Abstract: A new method for the indirect determination of thiocyanate with ammonium sulfate and isopropyl alcohol by extraction-flotation of copper in the presence of ascorbic acid is described. A small amount of Cu(II) is reduced to Cu(I) by ascorbic acid, then Cu(I) is precipitated with SCN - , In the course of phase separation of isopropyl alcohol from water, the precipitated CuSCN stays in the interface of isopropyl alcohol and water. A good linear relationship is observed between the flotation yield of Cu(II) and the amount of SCN - , The detection limit for thiocyanate is 1.0 × 10 - 5 M, and the linear range is 1.0 x 10 - 5 ∼7.8× 10 - 5 M. Every parameter was optimized and the reaction mechanism was studied. The method is simple and rapid and it was successfully applied to the determination of thiocyanate in urine and saliva of smokers and non-smokers and in venous blood of patients infused with sodium nitroprusskle.

/ A photochromic coating/printing composition for ornamental accessories and a manufacturing method thereof

Abstract: PURPOSE: A composition of photochromic accessory coating and painting agents and a method for preparing the same are provided by which prepared accessory has various aesthetic effects depending on ultraviolet rays. CONSTITUTION: The composition of photochromic accessory coating and painting agents comprises; (i) 20-30 wt.% of resin; (ii) 1-3 wt.% of camper; (iii) 4-6 wt.% of di-butyl phthalate; (iv) 4-6 wt.% of ethyl acetate; (v) 12-18 wt.% of toluene; (vi) 12-18 wt.% of butyl acetate; (vii) 4-6 wt.% of isopropyl alcohol; (viii) 10-12 wt.% of cellulose acetate butylate; (ix) 0.1-0.3 wt.% of polyethylene wax; (x) 8-12 wt.% of methyl isobutyl ketone; (xi) 10-15 wt.% of methyl isoehtyl ketone; and (xii) 0.5-2 wt.% of photochromic compound. The method comprises steps of: (i) preparing a resin solution by adding acetate to a mixture obtained by mixing resin, camper, di-butyl phthalate, cellulose acetate butylate, ethyl acetate and toluene and then stirring with high speed; and (ii) gradually adding photochromic compound solution obtained by mixing photochromic compound, isopropyl alcohol, polyethylene wax, methyl isobutyl ketone and methyl isoethyl ketone to the solution of the step (i) and then stirring.

Preparation method of basil extract for flavoring cigarette

Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for preparing basil extract is provided to give the fragrance of herbaceous and green to cigarette and ease a sharp taste of cigarette. CONSTITUTION: The method is characterized by the following steps of: (i) adding 0-7wt% of polyvalent alcohol such as glycerine or propylene glycol to 100wt% of basil; (ii) treating the plant with 300-700wt% of a water-soluble solvent with ultrasonic waves for 60-180min; (iii) stirring the processed plant for 3-5hr and separating the supernatant from the mixed basil; and then (iv) filtrating and condensing the supernatant to 30-70Be. The water-soluble solvent is a polar solvent chosen among water, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol and Benzyl alcohol.

Is isopropyl alcohol swabbing before injection really necessary

Abstract: Three controlled trials, two of which were randomised, examined the benefit of isopropyl swabbing before injection in preventing subsequent infection. In a randomised single-blind controlled trial, patients ha~img venesection either had their skin prepared with isopropyl alcohol (n=93) or had no skin preparation (n=101).1 There were no statistically significant differences in complications at the venepuncture site between the two groups. The second randomised controlled trial evaluated the effects of skin disinfection with isopropyl alcohol versus no disinfection in patients having intravenous cannuladon. No significant differences were found between the two groups in intraluminal contamination rates, colony counts or organisms isolated)

Gasoline substitute fuel

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To develop a low-pollution gasoline substitute fuel which is free from a harmful exhaust gas, such as a sulfur oxide, causing an environmental pollution and is used for an internal combustion engine of high efficiency and high power. SOLUTION: The gasoline substitute fuel comprises mainly alcohols and consists of 51-60 wt.% alcohol mixture comprising ethanol and/or methanol, isopropyl alcohol and isobutanol [the mixing ratio being (9 to 6):(1.5 to 0.5):(2 to 1)], 20±5 wt.% 5-8C paraffinic hydrocarbon and 30±5 wt.% toluene. The fuel can maintain a power comparable to a gasoline without using a gasoline or a reformed gasoline together while the generation of harmful gases such as sulfur oxides is reduced. COPYRIGHT: (C)2002,JPO

A pressure sensitive adhesives that was not added emulsifer and the manufacturing method of it

Abstract: PURPOSE: The titled adhesive prepared by alcohol polymerization of 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, vinyl acrylate, acrylic acid and azobisisobutylonitrile using a MOSSTANOL 'L' comprising of ethyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol and water as a solvent and process for producing the same are provided, which are benign to the human body and environment, eliminate the danger of explosion and increase productivity and profitable efficiency. CONSTITUTION: In an adhesive containing 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, vinyl acrylate, acrylic acid and azobisisobutylonitrile, the adhesive without containing an emulsifier is prepared by alcohol polymerization of the composition comprising 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, vinyl acrylate, acrylic acid and azobisisobutylonitrile using a MOSSTANOL 'L' comprising 65% by weight of ethyl alcohol and 35% by weight of isopropyl alcohol and water as a solvent.

Conjugate Reduction of α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones Using an MnIII Catalyst, Phenylsilane and Isopropyl Alcohol.

Abstract: Treatment of a variety of α,β-unsaturated ketones with Mn(dpm) 3 (3 mol%)/PhSiH 3 (1.3 equiv.)/isopropyl alcohol with the exclusion of air resulted in the formation of the saturated ketone.