Showing papers on "Mass formula published in 1980"
TL;DR: In this paper, it is argued that the symmetry of the infrared must be symmetric in the ultraviolet, and that there is either a threshold in the TeV region, or alternatively a certain mass formula holds.
Abstract: Physics below 300 GeV is termed infrared, and physics above 1 TeV is called ultraviolet.
Some aspects of the relation between these two regions are discussed. It is argued that the
symmetries of the infrared must be symmetries in the ultraviolet. Furthermore, naturalness
within the context of the standard model is considered. It is concluded that there is either
a threshold in the TeV region, or alternatively a certain mass formula holds. This formula,
when true, might be indicative for an underlying supersymmetry.
400 citations
CERN1
TL;DR: In this article, a unified model of strong and electro-weak interactions based on the exceptional group E6 is presented, with three generations of fermions and all the symmetry breaking obtained from the fermion-fermion operator.
129 citations
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the Born-Infeld scalar field in two-dimensional space-time and the relativistic string in three dimensions are described by the same non-linear Liouville equation.
Abstract: Using the methods of differential geometry it is shown that the Born-Infeld scalar field in two-dimensional space-time and the relativistic string in three dimensions are described by the same non-linear Liouville equation utt-uxx=R eu. This equation admits soliton solutions which may be stable or unstable, and there are periodical solutions among the stable ones. In the quantum case the solitons can be interpreted as massive particles either stable or unstable with respect to the stability of the corresponding classical solution. The periodical soliton generates a series of resonances which have the equidistant mass spectrum. This result appears to be well suited to the theory of the closed relativistic string. In four dimensions the relativistic string is described by the same Liouville equation, but for the complex-valued function u.
47 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors use a version of Rayleigh-Schrodinger methods to evaluate the leading non-analytic corrections (LNAC) to first-order chiral perturbation theory.
47 citations
25 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that dynamic mass generation can destroy the multiplicative renormalization relations and lead to a new type of divergences in the massive phase, and that the values of the bare coupling constants must be fixed.
23 citations
21 citations
TL;DR: The possibility that the D35(1925) resonance is evidence for a [56, 1-] multiplet corresponding to excitation of new gluonic degrees of freedom within baryons is examined in detail as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The possibility that the D35(1925) resonance is evidence for a [56, 1-] multiplet corresponding to excitation of new gluonic degrees of freedom within baryons is examined in detail. A new group-theoretical analysis of a successful mass formula for the N=2 multiplets of the nonrelativistic harmonic-oscillator quark model is also presented. Some results for the N=3 level are also given together with an outline of the method for generalization to any degree of excitation of the system.
12 citations
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that a subshell effect associated with Z = 64 can be obtained with the self-consistent energy density mass formula, which is not found in Hartree-Fock calculations, neither with the Skyrme interaction, nor in the model of Pearson et al.
7 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The number of independent parameters in the semi-empirical formula for meson and baryon masses proposed by Ya. B. Zel'dovich and the author is reduced by applying chromodynamics considerations.
Abstract: The number of independent parameters in the semiempirical formula for meson and baryon masses proposed by Ya. B. Zel'dovich and the author is reduced by applying chromodynamics considerations. The results are compared with experiment. A summary of the new predictions is given.
6 citations
TL;DR: For the nuclear mass even-odd difference ratio P P P′, there is a sharp contradiction between the Danos-Gillet mass formula and experiment as discussed by the authors, and a new formula is presented in this article, which has forms for the Coulomb-energy, symmetry-energy and pairing energy terms different from the conventional ones.
[...]
TL;DR: In this paper, a physical interpretation of the second level of the combinatorial hierarchy in terms of three quarks, three antiquarks, and the vacuum is proposed, which allows us to measure electromagnetic mass splitting of the quarks.
Abstract: We propose a physical interpretation of the second level of the combinatorial hierarchy in terms of three quarks, three antiquarks, and the vacuum. This interpretation allows us to introduce a new quantum number, which measures electromagnetic mass splitting of the quarks. We extend our argument by analog to baryons, and find someSU(3) and some new mass formulas for baryons. The generalization of our approach to other hierarchy levels is discussed. We present also an empirical mass formula for baryons, which seems to be loosely connected with the combinatorial hierarchy.
TL;DR: In this article, the SU(4) mass breaking formalism was used to study the quark contents of the pseudoscalar mesons using the Crystal Ball experiment at SLAC.
Abstract: In this paper, we study the quark contents of the η, η′ and ηc pseudoscalar mesons using SU(4) mass breaking formalism. We predict a mass value form
η
c
close to the one obtained by the Crystal Ball experiment at SLAC. Our analysis favors the linear mass formula rather than the quadratic one. A definite prediction for the value m
η
c
makes this experiment feasible.
TL;DR: In this paper, the SU(3) mixing angle theta of the Q mesons is derived in terms of the observable masses, and the sum rules obtained exhibit a close interplay among the masses, theta, and asymptotic axial-vector matrix elements.
Abstract: A new study of the A/sub 1/, B, Q/sub 1/(1280), and Q/sub 2/(1400) mesons is carried out in the presence of large SU(3) mixing between the Q mesons. The theoretical framework used is a purely algebraic one which expresses the dynamics of confined quarks through chiral SU(3) x SU(3) charge algebras, related exotic-charge commutators characterizing symmetry breaking, asymptotic SU(3) symmetry, and asymptotic level realization of SU(3) in the chiral SU(2) x SU(2) charge algebra (A+,A-)=2V0. A simple mass formula Q/sub 2/ /sup 2/-B/sup 2/=Q/sub 1/ /sup 2/-A/sup 2/ is derived which predicts the mass of A/sub 1/ around 1.1 GeV with GAMMA(A/sub 1/ ..-->.. rho..pi..) approx. = 300 MeV. The SU(3) mixing angle theta of the Q mesons is also derived in terms of the observable masses. The sum rules obtained exhibit a close interplay among the masses, theta, and asymptotic axial-vector matrix elements. There exists an ''ideal angle'' theta=30/sup 0/ for which the couplings Q/sub 2/(1400) ..-->.. rhoK and ..omega..K become forbidden as observed by experiment. theta=30/sup 0/ is also found to be compatible with the mass spectrum of the A/sub 1/, B, Q/sub 1/, and Q/sub 2/ system. The Q/sub 2/(1400), rather than the Q/sub 1/(1280), turns outmore » to be the SU(3) counterpart of A/sub 1/(1100), suggesting that an inversion in the mass ordering took place through mixing.« less
[...]
TL;DR: In this paper, a cubic coefficient of d = 5.7 ± 1.5 keV was measured for the 12C (3He, 6He)9C reaction, when compared to its Coulomb analog levels in 9B, 9Be, and 9Li, confirming a significant deviation from the quadratic form of the isobaric multiplet mass equation.
Abstract: A Q-value of -31.5762(30) MeV has been measured for the 12C (3He, 6He)9C reaction. The mass of 9C, when compared to its Coulomb analog levels in 9B, 9Be, and 9Li, confirms a significant deviation from the quadratic form of the isobaric multiplet mass equation, with a cubic coefficient of d = 5.7 ± 1.5 keV.
01 Jan 1980
TL;DR: The Hartree-Fock (HF) method as discussed by the authors takes shell-model effects into account automatically and self-consistently, and it can be used to synthesize the two models.
Abstract: One of the problems of the semi-empirical mass formula is that functional forms differing only slightly, and fitted to the same data, will give significantly different extrapolations to the astrophysically interesting but experimentally inaccessible region far from the stability line; see, for example, the contribution of M. Arnould to this conference (1). A part of the difficulty stems from the so-called two-part macroscopic-microscopic approach, characterized by the separation into droplet-model (DM) and shell-model terms. Some synthesis of the two is desirable, and the Hartree-Fock (HF) method obviously suggests itself, since it takes shell-model effects into account automatically and self-consistently. Even better would be Hartree-Fock-Bogolyubov (HFB).
TL;DR: In this article, the prediction of sin2 theta w and the unifying mass scale of grand unified gauge theories up to the two-loop level were estimated up to a factor of order ten.
Abstract: The prediction of sin2 theta w and the unifying mass scale of grand unified gauge theories are estimated up to the two-loop level. It is shown that the two-loop contributions alter the proton lifetime by a factor of order ten.
01 Jan 1980
TL;DR: The Bethe-Weizsacker formula and the Myers and Swiatecki formula as discussed by the authors have a good quality factor, with a deviation better than 1.5 MeV.
Abstract: Some years ago, the semi-empirical mass formulae were sometimes characterized by a quality factor, obtained by the product of the r.m.s. deviation by the number of parameters. Two formulae have a good quality factor: the forty-year-old Bethe-Weizsacker formula (five parameters, deviation better than 3 MeV), and the formula of Myers and Swiatecki2 (seven parameters, r.m.s. deviation better than 1.5 MeV).
01 Jan 1980
TL;DR: In this article, the shape of the nuclear mass surface far out on the neutron-rich side of β-stability is of considerable interest because of many interesting applications, e.g. theories about the r-process in nucleosynthesis.
Abstract: The shape of the nuclear mass surface far out on the neutron-rich side of β-stability is of considerable interest because of many interesting applications, e.g. theories about the r-process in nucleosynthesis. Until now, direct mass determinations have been performed in very few cases1). Most studies of the mass surface have been carried out by the method of determining mass differences from measurements of total β-decay energies. The latter method has been used at Studsvik for a systematic investigation covering about 40 fission products in the mass ranges A = 75 - 89 and A = 120 - 135 and including isotopes of zinc, gallium, germanium, arsenic, indium, tin, antimony, and tellurium2-6).