Showing papers on "Murashige and Skoog medium published in 1982"
TL;DR: Cotyledon pieces from mature cassava seeds, cultured on MS basal medium supplemented with various concentrations of 2,4-D and BAP, developed morphogenically-active ridges on their surfaces, which eventually produced both foliose structures and somatic embryos.
88 citations
TL;DR: Somatic embryogenesis occurred from the nucellus excised from the ovules of 5 of the naturally polyembryonic cultivars after 1–2 months in culture, and efficient somatic embryogenesis only occurred in liquid containing 20% CW.
Abstract: Ovules were aseptically removed from 2 month old fruits of 9 naturally polyembryonic cultivars and 1 monoembryonic cultivar of mango (Mangifera indica L.). Ovules were placed into culture on solid Murashige and Skoog medium that had been modified by the addition of half strength major salts and chelated iron, 6% sucrose, 400 mg/l glutamine, 100 mg/l ascorbic acid with or without the following growth regulators: 20% (v/v) CW, 1 or 2 mg/1 BA. Somatic embryogenesis occurred from the nucellus excised from the ovules of 5 of the naturally polyembryonic cultivars after 1–2 months in culture. Somatic embryogenesis was not apparently affected by the growth regulator composition of the media; however, efficient somatic embryogenesis only occurred in liquid containing 20% CW.
65 citations
TL;DR: A limited, but reproducible number of regenerated Brassica napus plants can be obtained via somatic embryos from cultures of isolated protoplasts from stem embryos through a sequence of culture steps including a medium with potato extract.
64 citations
TL;DR: Three strains of ‘McIntosh’ apple with growth habits ranging from the standard parent type to extremely compact (dwarf) were grown in vitro as meristem-tip cultures on Murashige and Skoog medium containing a range of concentrations of benzyladenine.
Abstract: Three strains of 'McIntosh' apple (Malus domestica Borkh) with growth habits ranging from the standard parent type to extremely compact (dwarf) were grown in vitro as meristem-tip cultures on Murashige and Skoog medium containing a range of concentrations of benzyladenine (BA) All strains exhibited a similar optima (3 to 6 μM BA) for maximum shoot proliferation and culture weight increase However, tolerance to supra-optimal concentration of this cytokinin was related to growth habit For example, at 10 μM BA shoot production rates as a percent of the maximum rates were 90%, 20% and zero for the extreme compact, moderate compact and standard strains, respectively Comparisons among field trees and meristem-tip cultures of all three strains revealed similarities in growth and development
27 citations
TL;DR: Of the eight media tested, basal MS medium supplemented with 5 µM of the cytokinin 6-benzyladenine proved to be the best overall regeneration medium.
Abstract: Optimum conditions for plant regeneration from cultured leaf explants were ascertained for eight different wild tomato (Lycopersicon) species and two closely relatedSolanum species. Of the eight media tested, basal MS medium supplemented with 5 µM of the cytokinin 6-benzyladenine proved to be the best overall regeneration medium. Regeneration frequency varied significantly between species with maximum frequency of regeneration observed forL. chilense, L. peruvianum, andS. lycopersicoides.
27 citations
TL;DR: Both vegetative and flower buds were developed; the maximum level of in vitro flowering occurred in response to 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), but only 50% of the explants produced flowers.
Abstract: Streptocarpus nobilis (C.B. Clarke) became photoperiodically more responsive to short days with increasing age. Leaf explants from photoperiodically induced plants were all organogenically competent when cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium in 8-h photoperiods. Both vegetative and flower buds were developed; the maximum level of in vitro flowering occurred in response to 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), but only 50% of the explants produced flowers. 3-Indoleacetic acid (IAA) (1 × 10−7 to 1 × 10−6 M) inhibited in vitro flowering. A nutrient medium was devised which allowed the expression of flowering on 100% of explants. The expression of vegetative or reproductive development was strongly influenced by the concentrations of media nutrients. On high-KNO3 (20 mM) – high-sucrose (100 mM) medium vegetative development was favoured and flower buds were produced on only 28% of explants. On low-KNO3 (2 mM) – low-sucrose (15 mM) medium only flower buds were developed on all explants. On low-KNO3 (5 mM) medium organog...
25 citations
TL;DR: There is a close relationship between callus, plantlet regeneration and added growth regulator in rice cultured on a modified MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D, naphthyleneacetic acid, and indole-3-acetic Acid.
25 citations
TL;DR: The process of induction of shoot formation took generally longer in leaf-derived calli than in those derived from hypocotyls, and most regenerated plants survived transfer to soil and all tested plants nodulated if inocculated with Rhizobium.
Abstract: Callus cultures were established from seedling hypocotyls of the tropical pasture legume Stylosanthes humilis HBK, and from leaves of in vitro-grown regenerated plantlets and glasshouse-grown plants Callus was induced on Murashige and Skoog medium, supplemented with 10 mg/1 each of benzyladenine and naphthaleneacetic acid, and subcultured on the same medium with 05 mg/1 each of the same plant growth regulators Induction of shoot formation occurred with a number of benzyladenine/naphthaleneacetic acid combinations With 10 mg/1 benzyladenine (no auxin) all hypocotyl-derived calli and 78% (in vitro-grown plantlets) and 56% (glasshouse-grown plants) of the leaf-derived calli could be induced to form shoots Morphogenetic potential was maintained during five subcultures The process of induction of shoot formation took generally longer in leaf-derived calli than in those derived from hypocotyls Most regenerated plants survived transfer to soil and all tested plants nodulated if inocculated with Rhizobium No morphological abnormalities were observed
21 citations
TL;DR: Anthers of Saintpaulia ionantha containing late-uninucleate stage pollen produced callus from the anther interior after 3–4 weeks culture on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with NAA and BAP, indicating that the callus was pollen derived.
20 citations
TL;DR: It was found that the red pigment, betanin, content of the red cell line has to be increased 2–6 times to match levels found in natural beet root.
Abstract: The goals of this study were to culture red beet cells via plant tissue culture techniques and to compare the pigment levels produced in callus culture with pigment levels of natural beet root A modified Murashige and Skoog medium was used to maintain red, yellow and nonpigmented cell lines It was found that the red pigment, betanin, content of the red cell line has to be increased 2–6 times to match levels found in natural beet root
19 citations
TL;DR: Adding L-cysteine-HCl to culture medium had a beneficial effect on the frequency of pollen plantlet production in cultured anthers, excised from both fresh as well as cold-treated buds; its optimum concentration remained the same (10 mg · l -1 ) for both types of expiants.
TL;DR: Mesophyll protoplasts isolated enzymatically from Trigonella corniculata divided to form callus, with a plating efficiency of 49% in Kao (1977) medium, and developed into plants on MS medium lacking hormones.
Abstract: Mesophyll protoplasts isolated enzymatically from Trigonella corniculata divided to form callus, with a plating efficiency of 49% in Kao (1977) medium. Protoplast-derived tissues formed somatic embryoids at high frequency on MS medium with 2.0 mg L(-7) NAA and 0.5 mg L(-7) BAP. Embryoids developed into plants on MS medium lacking hormones.
TL;DR: It seems that BA strongly promoted MZ formation (bud initiation) during initial period of culture and mineral nutrients play major role in subsequent development of MZ to bud primordia.
TL;DR: Floral bud callus of Nicotiana tabacum L. var.
Abstract: Floral bud callus of Nicotiana tabacum L. var. Anand-2 could be grown on Murashige and Skoog medium with 10 mM urea as sole nitrogen source. Urea-treated tissues showed elevated nicotine content over the control. Activities of phenylalanine aminotransferase and tyrosine aminotransferase did not show close correspondence with growth or nicotine synthesis, whereas ornithine aminotransferase (OAT) activity exhibited correlation with nicotine biogenesis. Urea-treated callus showed higher OAT activity than the control. The activity of ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) showed inverse correlation with nicotine synthesis. OTC and arginase activities were suppressed in urea-treated tissues. The implication of the results is discussed.
TL;DR: The basal medium used was that described by Murashige and Skoog, supplemented with vitamins, glycine, myoinositol, sucrose, with or without agar, and different combinations of plant growth regulators.
Abstract: Shoot tips of M.4 apple clone were excised from actively growing one year-old stoolbed branches, and cultured in order to determine the optimal nutrient medium for each stage of their in vitro culture. The basal medium (BM) used was that described by Murashige and Skoog, supplemented with vitamins, glycine, myoinositol, sucrose, with or without agar, and different combinations of plant growth regulators. Best media for each stage were: BM+0.5 mg 1-1 indole-3yl-butyric acid (IBA)+0.5 mg 1-1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) for explant establishment (Stage I); BM+0.1 mg 1-1 IBA+1.0 mg 1-1 BAP for multiplication and internode enlargement (Stage II); and 2.0 mg 1-1 IBA+0.1 mg 1-1 BAP without agar for the rooting of the plantlets (Stage III).
TL;DR: Germinated seeds of Striga gesnerioides were cultured on Murashige and Skoog's medium and on White's medium, and in either medium, the seedlings developed shoots and roots on a mineral salts-sugar medium, but growth was better when this basal medium was supplemented with vitamins.
TL;DR: Young leaves of Solanum xanthocarpum from axenic shoot cultures released viable protoplasts when treated with appropriate enzymes and regenerated to form callus tissue as a result of repeated divisions.
Abstract: Young leaves of Solanum xanthocarpum from axenic shoot cultures released viable protoplasts when treated with appropriate enzymes. The protoplasts on culture in modified Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid (0.5 mg/l), naphtha leneacetic acid (1 mg/l), kinetin (1 mg/l) and organic nutrients of KM (Kao and Michayluk 1975) regenerated to form callus tissue as a result of repeated divisions. Protoplast-derived calli differentiated into shoots on MS medium enriched with kinetin (0.5 mg/l) and rooting could be initiated by transferring the shoot-buds to basal medium.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: It has been proved that both NAA and IAA had good effect on inducing dedifferentiation and redif-ferentiation and the suitable combina-tion of BA,ZT and NAA is an impor-tant factor to obtain plantlets.
Abstract: This article describes the various conditions cencerning the culture me-thods,nutritional requirements of the cells and tissues for growth and mor-phogenesis in the cultures of immature cotyledons and young embryos of Camellia oleafera.MS medium was the most suitable for the cultures of im-mature cotylenons and young em-bryos of Camellia oleafera Abel.Callus was induced on MS medium sup-plemented with 2 ppm NAA and 4 ppm BA.Large number of buds could be initiated after the callus was transferred on MS medium with low concentration or absence of auxin and high concentration of cytokinin. It has been proved that both NAA and IAA had good effect on inducing dedifferentiation and redif-ferentiation.The suitable combina-tion of BA,ZT and NAA is an impor-tant factor to obtain plantlets.A distinct effect of light for the formation of chlorophyll could be seen during differentiation and the formation of plantlets.Medium containing either 2,4-D or over 5% of sucrose (w/v) generally did not favor the greening of callus and differentiation. The capability of differentiation is related to the developmental stage of the fruits.After June,when the endosperm of Camellia oleafera was entirely disappeared,the excised coty-ledons and young embryos could dif-ferentiate well.Now more than six thousand plantlets have been obtain-ed.Root formation has been suc-cessfully induced on a filter paper bridge in liquid culture,and plantlets survived after transfer to soil in poly-thene covered greenhouse.
TL;DR: Callus has been induced from gametophytic buds as well as protonema of Bryum coronatum growing on Murashige and Skoog's medium and maximum callusing is observed on complete MS medium.
TL;DR: In vitro propagation of complete Solanum laciniatum Ait plants from callus, leaves, shoots, and apical meristem tips are described and Cultured shoots readily formed roots when subcultured on to MS medium without plant growth regulators and were successfully transferred to a greenhouse.
Abstract: Methods for the in vitro propagation of complete Solanum laciniatum Ait. plants from callus, leaves, shoots, and apical meristem tips are described. Callus proliferation occurred on Murashige & Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with 10-6M 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 10-6M β-naphthoxyacetic acid. Maximum shoot organogenesis from this callus occurred on MS + 10-5M BAP. Adventitious shoot proliferation from both leaves and shoots was also possible on MS + 10-5M BAP, as was the development of apical meristem tips (0.3– 0.5 mm long) into shoots. Cultured shoots readily formed roots when subcultured on to MS medium without plant growth regulators and were successfully transferred to a greenhouse.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that for the induction of androgenesis in Hordeum it is sufficient to culture the anthers either on a suitable medium or on viable tissues of different species.
DOI•
01 Jun 1982
TL;DR: Embryoids or shoots could be regenerated directly from ABA-containing medium and a large number of roots could be induced by subcuituring these embryoids to 3 strength of MS medium.
Abstract: Callus was induced from anthers of Ipomoea batatas Poir. by culturing on Murashige and Skoog basic medium supplemented with 2 mg/l each of 2,4-D, IAA and kinetin or 2 mg/l each of NAA and kinetin. Embryoids or shoots could be regenerated directly from ABA-containing medium. A large number of roots could be induced by subcuituring these embryoids to 3 strength of MS medium with 0.1 mg/l NAA, 0.5 mg/l kinetin and 7.5 mg/l adenine sulfate, a few buds were observed from the nodule-like tissue of the growing root after 2-4 months in the same medium.