Showing papers on "Peduncle (anatomy) published in 2021"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors improved the properties of natural fiber from red banana peduncle plant by alkali treatment for the first time, the main objective of this paper was to st...
Abstract: The aim of this present investigation is to improve the properties of natural fiber from red banana peduncle plant by alkali treatment for the first time. The main objective of this paper was to st...
33 citations
32 citations
TL;DR: A method is proposed for peduncle cutting point localization and pose estimation using a segmented peduncle mask fitted to the curve using least squares and three key points on the curve are found.
Abstract: For automating the harvesting of bunches of tomatoes in a greenhouse, the end-effector needs to reach the exact cutting point and adaptively adjust the pose of peduncles. In this paper, a method is proposed for peduncle cutting point localization and pose estimation. Images captured in real time at a fixed long-distance are detected using the YOLOv4-Tiny detector with a precision of 92.7% and a detection speed of 0.0091 s per frame, then the YOLACT + + Network with mAP of 73.1 and a time speed of 0.109 s per frame is used to segment the close-up distance. The segmented peduncle mask is fitted to the curve using least squares and three key points on the curve are found. Finally, a geometric model is established to estimate the pose of the peduncle with an average error of 4.98° in yaw angle and 4.75° in pitch angle over the 30 sets of tests.
17 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, mild microwave irradiation was employed with alkaline assistance for pretreatment of the banana peduncle, which is a cellulose-rich biomass with a wide range of potential in various industry.
Abstract: Banana peduncle is a cellulose-rich biomass with awide range of potential in various industry. In this work, mild microwave irradiation was employed with alkaline assistance for pretreatme...
12 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of carboxymethyl chitosan-gelatin (CMCS-GL) based edible coating incorporating CaCl2 and ascorbic acid (AA) on the quality and nutritional characteristics of sweet cherry were evaluated.
Abstract: Sweet cherry has many cultivars with different storability and nutritional properties. To reveal the reasons for the differences in storability among cultivars and improve the quality of sweet cherries, the surface microstructure of four representative sweet cherry cultivars (Red Light, Ranier, Red Agate, Friendship) epidermis and peduncle at harvest were examined and the effects of carboxymethyl chitosan-gelatin (CMCS-GL) based edible coating incorporating CaCl2 and ascorbic acid (AA) (AA-CaCl2-CMCS-GL) on the quality and nutritional characteristics of sweet cherry were evaluated. Results showed there were significant differences in the wax distribution of the epidermis and the number of stomata on the peduncle surface between four cultivars of sweet cherries at harvest, which was closely related to fruit decay ratio during storage. AA-CaCl2-CMCS-GL coating delayed the onset of decay and the fruit decay ratio in coated groups (3.0%–15.3%) was significantly lower than in control groups (17.7%–63.0%) after 33 d storage. The coating also helped to maintain the quality and nutritional characteristics of four sweet cherry cultivars, including reducing weight loss, maintaining better skin color, peduncle freshness, higher fruit firmness, titratable acidity, AA, total phenolics content, total anthocyanins concentration, and antioxidant capacity. These results suggested that AA-CaCl2-CMCS-GL coating could be considered as a new preservation method for improving postharvest quality and nutritional properties of different sweet cherry cultivars.
6 citations
6 citations
DOI•
01 Jan 2021
TL;DR: This dissertation aims to provide a history of web exceptionalism from 1989 to 2001, a period chosen in order to explore its roots as well as specific cases up to and including the year in which descriptions of “Web 2.0” began to circulate.
Abstract: Received: May 14th, 2020 ; Accepted: June 19th, 2020 ; Published: January 5th, 2021 ; Correspondence: diogenessilveira@hotmail.com
5 citations
TL;DR: The chemical, morphological and anatomical characteristics of banana pseudo stem, banana leaf (midrib) and banana peduncle were determined in this article, where the banana wastes were characterized with good amount of αcellulose (40-45%), moderate amount of lignin (20-24%) and medium to long fiber length (1.22-1.92mm).
Abstract: The chemical, morphological and anatomical characteristics of banana pseudo stem, banana leaf (midrib) and banana peduncle were determined. Banana wastes were characterized with good amount of α-cellulose (40–45%), moderate amount of lignin (20–24%) and medium to long fiber length (1.22–1.92 mm). Alkaline nitrobenzene oxidation (ANO) showed that the main lignin unit of banana stem and leaf was p-hydroxybenzaldehyde and that of banana peduncle was syringaldehyde. The yield of ANO was very low (17–24%). Soda-anthraquinone (AQ) and formic acid/peroxyformic (FA/PFA) acid pulping processes of these banana wastes were evaluated. In soda-AQ process, pulping at 20% alkali charge, pulp yields were 30.0%, 34.55% and 39.12%, for banana stem, leaf and peduncle, respectively, with kappa number below 20. Higher pulp yield was found in FA/PFA process than soda-AQ process due to very high ash content in the samples. The banana waste pulps showed excellent papermaking properties.
3 citations
TL;DR: Zhang et al. as mentioned in this paper used the optical vulnerability method to investigate differences in flower peduncle drought resistance in the four slipper orchids of Cypripedium and Paphiopedilum, and to test whether peduncle conduit dimensions determine embolism resistance.
2 citations
01 Jan 2021
TL;DR: Cashew nut shells extract had a high level of total polyphenolic, flavonoid content, pH and low values of titratable acidity, which could be attributed to its potent antifungal activity.
Abstract: Different concentrations of cashew (Anacardium occidentale Linn) leaves, nutshells, and peduncle bagasse ashes extract evaluated for growth inhibition of Capnodium sp and the antifungal activity. Results revealed that different concentration of cashew leaves, nutshells, and peduncle bagasse ashes extracts showed values difference of absorbance (DA) ranging from 0.00 to 0.42. All the concentrations of extracts showed significant inhibition in the spore germination of sooty mould. The highest levels caused maximum inhibition in the spore germination followed by lower concentrations of cashew nut shells, peduncle bagasse and leaf extracts respectively. Cashew nut shells extract had a high level of total polyphenolic, flavonoid content, pH and low values of titratable acidity, which could be attributed to its potent antifungal activity.
2 citations
01 Jan 2021
TL;DR: Endometrial polyps are exophytic growths of the mucous linings of the endometrium as discussed by the authors, they differ in size, shape, number and appearances. And they differ from pedunculated fibroids in the manner of surface epithelium and vascularity through the peduncle along with the surface of the growth.
Abstract: Endometrial polyps are exophytic growths of the mucous linings of the endometrium. They differ in size, shape, number and appearances. The surface epithelium of the polyp is smooth and similar to surrounding epithelium. They differ from pedunculated fibroids in the manner of surface epithelium and vascularity through the peduncle along with the surface of the growth. Polyps can be associated with glandular hyperplasia and can remain latent for a longer period of time.
TL;DR: The new species is similar to Eriocaulon idukkianum and E. tuberiferum but differs in its short, linear-subulate, stiff leaves, solitary 6-angled peduncle, inflexed involucral bracts, eglandular petals, and yellow anthers and seeds.
Abstract: Eriocaulon meenachilense, a new species of the family Eriocaulaceae from the southern Western Ghats, India, is described and illustrated. The new species is similar to Eriocaulon idukkianum and E. tuberiferum but differs in its short, linear-subulate, stiff leaves, solitary 6-angled peduncle, inflexed involucral bracts, eglandular petals, and yellow anthers and seeds.
TL;DR: In this paper, the spatiotemporal expression of the Glutamine Synthetase (GS) gene family after anthesis was investigated, and the results showed that TaGS1;1 was mainly encoded by TaGS 1;1-6A, while the other isozymes were localized on the A and D subgenomes.
Abstract: Glutamine synthetase (GS), a key enzyme in plant nitrogen metabolism, is closely related to nitrogen remobilization. However, how GS isoforms participate in nitrogen remobilization remains unclear. Here, the spatiotemporal expression of the TaGS gene family after anthesis was investigated, and the results showed that TaGS1;1 was mainly encoded by TaGS1;1-6A, while the other isozymes were mainly encoded by TaGS localized on the A and D subgenomes. TaGS1;2-4A/4D had the highest expression level, especially in rachis and peduncle. Furthermore, immunofluorescence showed TaGS1;2 was located in the phloem of rachis and peduncle. GUS (β-glucuronidase) staining confirmed that ProTaGS1;2-4A/4D::GUS activity was mainly present in the vascular system of leaves, roots, and petal of Arabidopsis. Ureides, an important transport form of nitrogen, were mainly synthesized in flag leaves and transported to grains through the phloem of peduncle and rachis during grain filling. TaAAH, which encodes the enzyme that degrades ureides to release NH4+, had a higher expression in rachis and peduncle and was synchronized with the increase in NH4+ concentration in phloem, indicating that NH4+ in phloem is from ureide degradation. Taking the above into account, TaGS1;2, which is highly expressed in the phloem of peduncle and rachis, may participate in N remobilization by assimilating NH4+ released from ureide degradation.
Patent•
01 Apr 2021
TL;DR: In this article, an instrument for holding plants with a peduncle in a manner such that contact between plants such as fruits and between plants and a container is avoided while providing a highly ornamental effect is provided.
Abstract: Provided is: an instrument for holding plants with a peduncle in a manner such that contact between plants such as fruits and between plants and a container is avoided while providing a highly ornamental effect; or an instrument for holding plants with a peduncle and capable of conveying plants with a peduncle by holding the peduncles, and furthermore allowing the plants with a peduncle to be arranged in the height direction to improve the ornamental effect as well as allowing one to enjoy partaking in a faux harvesting process. The instrument for holding plants with a peduncle holds plants with a peduncle to convey or display the plants and is provided with a plurality of holding members disposed in the height direction, each having a plurality of holding parts which each hold the peduncle of a plant by means of restoring force caused by elastic deformation or hold the peduncle with the peduncle being inserted therethrough with clearance.
TL;DR: The present study can provide an idea about the morphological variations in comparatively less explored trait like peduncle length (upper exposed part) under heat stress which further can be utilized in understanding the effects of heat stress on wheat and thus help in breeding programmes involved in heat stress tolerance.
Abstract: Wheat is the very important source of food all around the world. In the present changing climate scenario, environmental temperature is increasing day by day due to global warming. Heat stress cause severe yield loss by impairing normal morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular functions and thus possess the biggest threat to world food security. So, it is important to consider all the contributing factors to develop wheat varieties with better heat stress tolerance attributes. The peduncle length is very less explored yet very important yield contributing factor which may be very important in understanding the plant response and adaptation to the heat stress. Peduncle especially its upper exposed part exhibit important role in storage and mobilization of photosynthetic reserve to the developing wheat grains and thus has important impact on wheat yield. In the present study, we have studied the variations in length of upper exposed part of peduncle or PL(Ue) of eight wheat cultivars under heat stress (+ 5oC up than control conditions) for different dates of sowing, i.e. DOS1 timely sown (TS), November 24, 2016; late sown (LS), December 24, 2016; DOS3 very late sown (VLS) January 24, 2017 and very-vey late sown conditions (VVLS), February 24, 2017 in the crop year 2016-17. The present study can provide an idea about the morphological variations in comparatively less explored trait like peduncle length (upper exposed part) under heat stress which further can be utilized in understanding the effects of heat stress on wheat and thus help in breeding programmes involved in heat stress tolerance.
TL;DR: Material examined fits well with original description including the following diagnostic features: long rostrum, a short carapace, one distal spine on the antennule peduncle fourth article and posterodorsal borders of pleonites VI–VII provided with distally acute denticles and anal plates lacking defined ‘shoulders’.
Abstract: Leptostracans from western Iberian Peninsula are comparatively better known than in the Mediterranean coasts The presence of Nebalia troncosoi Moreira, Cacabelos & Dominguez, 2003 is reported for the first time for the Iberian Mediterranean from specimens collected in 2014 off the Ebro Delta river mouth Material examined fits well with original description including the following diagnostic features: long rostrum (four times as long as wide), a short carapace, one distal spine on the antennule peduncle fourth article, antennule flagellum shorter than the peduncle and provided with 6–7 articles, maxilla II exopod longer than endopod first article, posterodorsal borders of pleonites VI–VII provided with distally acute denticles and anal plates lacking defined ‘shoulders’
TL;DR: Inter-varietal hybridization is an effective way to contribute to the phenotypic variations of freesia, produce new plant materials for breeding purposes, and release new cultivars through self- and cross-pollination.
Abstract: Floral scent, long lasting florets, and high color variation make the cut freesia one of the most popular bulbous flowers. In this work, efforts have been made to produce new cut freesia hybrids through self- and cross-pollination. Hybrids and parents were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three repetitions in the research greenhouse of Ornamental Plants Research Center (OPRC) Mahallat, Iran (2014–2018). The highest genetic variation were registered for the length of flower peduncle, florets number and flowering stems number, where the lowest resulted for peduncle diameter, corm diameter, and cormlet number. The highest phenotypic variation coefficient was observed for peduncle diameter, number of florets, spike length, and flowering stem number. The highest and lowest potential of the general heritability was obtained for vase life, florets diameter, and flowering stem number (97.40, 92.24, and 92.21%) and corm diameter (8.90%), respectively. The highest positive and significant correlation coefficients were related to plant height with leaf length, spike length with peduncle length, and cormlet number with corm weight. Most hybrids were superior to the parents regard to the studied traits. Based on market and experts opinions, hybrids of 1, 14, 15, 16, and 20 had colors that are more beautiful. Between the hybrids, the highest plant height (P1 × P6; 16.67 cm; Cod 22), florets diameter, florets number, and flowering stems number (P1 × P5; Cod 12), and vase life (P3 × P5; 17 days; Cod 21) were produced. Consequently, Inter-varietal hybridization is an effective way to contribute to the phenotypic variations of freesia, produce new plant materials for breeding purposes, and release new cultivars.
TL;DR: The highest mite population density was found on peduncle and epicarps of fruits of different phenological stages, and the lowest density on the leaves.
Abstract: Brevipalpus yothersi Baker (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) is reported for the first time on cocoa, Theobroma cacao L. (Malvaceae) in northwestern Peru. Mites were collected from organic cocoa smallholdings from September to December 2020 in eight localities (three Provinces) of the Piura Department. The highest mite population density was found on peduncle and epicarps of fruits of different phenological stages, and the lowest density on the leaves.