Showing papers on "Prime mover published in 2013"

Wound-Rotor Induction Generator Inter-Turn Short-Circuits Diagnosis Using a New Digital Neural Network

Abstract: This paper deals with a new transformation and fusion of digital input patterns used to train and test feedforward neural network for a wound-rotor three-phase induction machine windings short-circuit diagnosis. The single type of short-circuits tested by the proposed approach is based on turn-to-turn fault which is known as the first stage of insulation degradation. Used input/output data have been binary coded in order to reduce the computation complexity. A new procedure, namely addition and mean of the set of same rank, has been implemented to eliminate the redundancy due to the periodic character of input signals. However, this approach has a great impact on the statistical properties on the processed data in terms of richness and of statistical distribution. The proposed neural network has been trained and tested with experimental signals coming from six current sensors implemented around a setup with a prime mover and a 5.5 kW wound-rotor three-phase induction generator. Both stator and rotor windings have been modified in order to sort out first and last turns in each phase. The experimental results highlight the superiority of using this new procedure in both training and testing modes.

Hybrid vehicle drive system and method for fuel reduction during idle

Abstract: A vehicle drive system for a vehicle including a first prime mover, a first prime mover driven transmission, and a rechargeable power source can be configured for reduced fuel consumption at idle. The vehicle drive system includes an electric motor in direct or indirect mechanical communication with the first prime mover, wherein the electric motor can receive power from the first prime mover driven transmission and can receive power from the first prime mover. The vehicle drive system also includes a control system. The control system causes the electric motor to rotate the first prime mover at a speed so that an electronic control module associated with the first prime mover does not cause fuel to be provided to the first prime mover while the vehicle is stopped, thereby reducing fuel consumption at idle for the vehicle.

Dynamic performance simulation of an aeroderivative gas turbine using the matlab simulink environment

Abstract: In fossil fuel applications, such as air transportation and power generation systems, gas turbine is the prime mover which governs the aircraft's propulsive and the plant's thermal efficiency, respectively. Therefore, an accurate engine performance simulation has a significant impact on the operation and maintenance of gas turbines as far as reliability and availability considerations are concerned. Current trends in achieving stable engine operation, reliable fault diagnosis and prognosis requirements do motivate the development and implementation of real-time dynamic simulators for gas turbines that are sufficiently complex, highly nonlinear, have high fidelity and include fast response modules. This paper presents a gas turbine performance model for predicting the transient dynamic behavior of an aero derivativ e engine that is suitable for both mechanical drive and power generation applications. The engine model has been developed in the Matlab/Simulink environment and combines both the inter-component volume and the constant mass flow methods. Dynamic equations of the mass momentum and the energy balance are incorporated into the steady state thermodynamic equations. This allows one to represent the engine model by a set of first order differential and algebraic equations. The developed Simulink model in an object oriented environment, can be easily adapted to any kind of gas turbine configuration. The model consists of a number of subsystems for representing the gas turbine's components and the thermodynamic relationships among them. The components are represented by a set of suitable performance maps that are available from the open literature. The engine model has been validated with an established gas turbine performance simulation software. Time responses of the main variables that describe the gas turbine dynamic behavior are also included. The proposed gas turbine model with its dynamic simulation characteristics is a useful tool for development of real-time model-based diagnostics and prognostics technologies. Copyright © 2013 by ASME.

Control system for a generator

Abstract: A generator set for a transport refrigeration unit that is operable at a first frequency and a second frequency. The generator set includes a generator and a prime mover. The generator set is controlled by an electronic control unit (ECU) that is coupled to a controller. The ECU is configured to monitor the engine operation condition to obtain an engine operation condition value; whereas the controller is configured to receive the engine operation condition value and compare the value with an engine operation condition threshold. When the engine operation condition value, for example, exceeds the engine operation condition threshold, the controller instructs the ECU to operate the engine at a first speed; and when the engine operation condition value, for example, is below the engine operation condition threshold, the controller instructs the ECU to operate the engine at a second speed that is slower than the first speed.

Modeling, analysis and optimization of integrated energy systems for multigeneration purposes

Abstract: 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS 5 LIST OF TABLES 7 LIST OF FIGURES 8 NOMENCLATURE 14 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 18 1.1 OVERVIEW 18 1.2 BENEFITS OF MULTIGENERATION ENERGY SYSTEMS 23 1.3 PRIME MOVERS 24 1.3.1 Gas turbine prime mover 25 1.3.2 Fuel cell prime mover 27 1.4 MULTIGENERATION ENERGY SYSTEMS 29 CHAPTER 2: MOTIVATION AND OBJECTIVES 32 2.1 MOTIVATION 32 2.2 OBJECTIVES 33 CHAPTER 3: LITERATURE REVIEW 36 3.

Review of Flywheel based Internal Combustion Engine Hybrid Vehicles

Abstract: Hybrid vehicles of different configurations and utilizing different energy storage systems have existed in development for many decades and more recently in limited production. They can be grouped as parallel, series or complex hybrids. Another classification is micro, mild and full hybrids which makes the distinction on the basis of functionality. The common energy storage systems in hybrid vehicles are batteries, supercapacitors and high speed flywheels. This paper aims to review a specific type of hybrid vehicle which involves the internal combustion engine (ICE) as the prime mover and the high speed flywheel as an energy storage device. Such hybrids are now attracting considerable interest given their potential for low cost. It is hence timely to produce a review of research and development in this subject. The flywheel is coupled to the drive line with a continuous variable transmission (CVT). The CVT can be of various types such as electrical, hydraulic or mechanical but usually in this case it is a non-electrical one. Different configurations are possible and the paper provides a timeline of the development of such powertrains with various examples. These types of hybrid vehicles have existed as prototypes for many decades and the authors believe that their development has reached levels where they can be considered serious contenders for production vehicles.

Switch magnetic resistance generator system capable of realizing rapid excitation/demagnetization

Abstract: The invention discloses a switch magnetic resistance generator system capable of realizing rapid excitation/demagnetization. The system comprises a switch magnetic resistance motor body, a prime mover, a position sensor, a power converter, a DC power supply and a controller, wherein the power converter is a four-level power converter. By adopting the four-level power converter, at an excitation stage, in an angle position control mode, the exciter current of a phase winding is increased, and the energy storage of a magnetic field is increased so that the output power of an overall power generation system is improved and it is easier for the power generation system to reach a rated power; in an current chopping control mode, the excitation time is reduced, rapid excitation is realized, and the time of a generating stage is increased so that the generating capacity of a motor is enhanced and the output power of the system is increased; and at the generating system, when two voltage sources are utilized, rapid demagnetization can be realized.

Brake system for vehicle including continuously variable belt transmission

Abstract: A brake system is provided for a vehicle equipped with a continuously variable belt transmission (hereafter a “CVT”) having a CVT input shaft and a CVT output shaft. The CVT functions as a clutch-disengagement action for isolating rotation of the CVT output shaft from the CVT input shaft when a rotary speed of the CVT input shaft is reduced to a certain level. The vehicle is equipped with a prime mover driving the CVT input shaft so that an output rotary speed of the prime mover defines the rotary speed of the CVT input shaft. The vehicle includes an accelerator manipulator for controlling the output rotary speed of the prime mover. The brake system can cause a resistance against the rotation of the CVT output shaft using the accelerator manipulator to reduce the output rotary speed of the prime mover to make the CVT function as the clutch-disengagement action.

Hybrid power system for piston engine aircrafts

Abstract: As described in the title, the invention relates to an electric power system that performs the functions of auxiliary engine, internal combustion engine starter and generating system for the electrical power supply of an aircraft. The main application of the invention is offer a propulsion alternative to an aircraft when the combustion engine is not operational. The invention provides the aircraft with the necessary propulsion so that the pilot is able to reach an alternative aerodrome or an obstacle-free area in order to land, consequently resulting in an increase in the safety of the plane. Furthermore, the invention provides other functions which are: auxiliary engine system; system for generating and storing electrical energy; system for starting the main engine.

Model based evaluation of six energy integration schemes applied to a small-scale gasification process for power generation

Abstract: This work considers the use of spent poultry litter as a fuel for on-site power generation. On-site use eliminates the need for the transportation of biomass to centralised plants and the associated bio-security issues. This work utilised process simulation to investigate six process integration schemes applied to a small scale gasification unit with a gas turbine prime mover. The model was used to evaluate schemes involving atmospheric gasification, pressurised gasification and recuperation of energy from the gas turbine exhaust gases. The recuperation of residual heat to preheat air and produced gases was performed with the aim of achieving the highest electrical efficiency. The cold gasification and exergy efficiencies were in the ranges of 58.4–79.5% and 46.8–65.7%, respectively, which mainly increased with increasing ER and then after achieving the maximum value declined. The preferred configuration of the proposed 200-kW process achieved electrical efficiencies between 26% and 33.5%.

Four wheel drive powertrain configurations for two-motor, two-clutch hybrid electric vehicles

Abstract: Four Wheel Drive (4WD) powertrain configurations for hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) are disclosed herein. One powertrain comprises: a prime mover; an electric motor-generator, said electric motor-generator mechanically coupled to said prime mover via a first clutch; an electric motor, said electric motor mechanically coupled to said electric motor-generator via a second clutch; a battery, said battery electrically coupled to said electric motor-generator and said electric motor, said battery capable of supplying electrical energy to said electric motor-generator and said electric motor; and a controller, said controller capable of supplying control signals to said prime mover, said first clutch, said electric motor-generator, said second clutch and said electric motor such that said controller is capable of dynamically affecting a plurality of operating modes; wherein further said plurality of operating modes comprises one of a group, said group comprising: all electric mode, series mode, series-parallel mode and parallel mode.

Investigation of hybrid systems for diesel powered ships

Abstract: The combination of a prime mover and an energy storage device for reduction of fuel consumption has been successfully used in the automotive industry The potential of a load levelling strategy and the energy management optimisation through the use of a Hybrid Diesel propulsion system for ocean going ships is investigated The goal of Diesel Hybrid systems is to reduce exhaust gas emissions by reducing fuel oil consumption though an introduction of an energy storage medium Part of the research is based on operational data for a shipping fleet containing all types of bulk carriers The engine loading and energy requirements are estimated and the sizing of suitable propulsion and the battery storage system is proposed The changes in overall emissions are estimated and the potential for fuel savings is identified The emission estimation is made by applying a bottom up approach, and the use of fuel based factors The thesis includes an assessment of the calculation error imposed by the usage of fuel-based factors, and a determination of the uncertainty in the approximation of global shipping emissions is made Constructional and volume constraints are identified and a concept feasibility is performed The thesis demonstrates the use of developed ship voyage simulator, which is a time domain quasi-steady simulation tool The system components of the Hybrid and the conventional machinery system are modelled, the weather characteristics and the hull-fluid interaction are implemented in a modular, scalable and expandable manner Using the simulation tool, an assessment of simulated bottom up approach with the results of the IMO formula is presented for a number of examined voyages Moreover, simulator outputs of the propulsive demand are fed to the optimisation algorithm, which is based on the equivalent cost minimisation strategy In addition, a pseudo multi-objective optimisation algorithm for CO2 and PM reduction is also presented The results indicate that the ship simulator estimates shipping emissions with a significantly smaller error than the adopted formulae of the IMO The hybrid solution for diesel powered ships is under specific scenarios financially viable, and the fuel savings based on the statistical analysis are notable when ageing of the engines and performance deterioration models are included Nevertheless, when the optimised performance of the Hybrid power layouts is compared to optimally tuned engines at ISO conditions, instead of the actual prime mover performance, the the fuel saving potential for auxiliary loads is reduced and also leads to non-feasible results for propulsive loads Nonetheless, the Hybrid power systems permit the use of sophisticated prime mover energy management for both propulsive and auxiliary loads This proved to lead to notable fuel savings for the combined shipboard power trains

Methods and systems to control an engine of a transport refrigeration unit

Abstract: Systems and methods to control a prime mover of a transport refrigeration system are disclosed. A controller may be configured to receive input from various information sources including a global satellite positioning system and/or a human machine interface. The controller can be configured to select a prime mover operation mode based on the input received. In some embodiment, the controller can select a noise reduction operation mode when the TRU is located in a noise regulated area, and can select a fuel efficient mode when the TRU is located outside of the noise regulated areas. In some embodiments, the noise reduction operation mode may include increasing a speed of the prime mover in a soft sloped ramp. In some embodiments, the operation modes can include prime mover operation instructions containing parameters of fuel injection of the prime mover. The operation instructions can be sent to an ECU to execute.

Thermal vehicle with a tempered, thermally insulated cell

Abstract: The thermal vehicle (5) has a thermally insulated cell having housing (1) including a wall (10) and a thermally insulating wall (16). The housing has a heatable interior (14) which is accessed by thermally sealingly closable opening (12). An electrically operable tempering device (2) for controlling the temperature of the interior, and an autonomous power supply unit (3) for tempering device are provided on the housing. An electrical prime mover is provided with electrical power supplying drive power supply unit (5') for electrically driving thermal vehicle.

Wirelessly controlled trigger start and chemical tank change-over for pressure washers

Abstract: A pressure washer includes a prime mover, a pump driven by the prime mover, and a spray gun fluidly coupled to the pump. The spray gun includes a flow-control valve movable between an open position and a closed position to control a fluid flow from the spray gun, a user interface for controlling the flow-control valve, a sensor configured to detect the state of the user interface, and a first wireless system electrically coupled to the sensor. In a first state of the user interface, the flow-control valve is in the closed position. In a second state of the user interface, the flow-control valve is in the open position. The pressure washer further includes a second wireless system electrically coupled to the prime mover. The second wireless system signals the prime mover to start to drive the pump to provide fluid to the spray gun upon receiving a start signal from the first wireless system indicating that the sensor detects the user interface in the second state.

Vehicle rollback control apparatus and method

Abstract: In one aspect of the invention there is provided a control system for a vehicle, the vehicle having a powertrain comprising a prime mover and a driveline, the control system being configured selectively to control the driveline to assume a first state in which a transmission of the driveline is substantially fully connected to the prime mover and a second state in which when the vehicle is stationary the transmission is at least partially disconnected or decoupled from the prime mover thereby to reduce a torque loading on the prime mover, the control system being configured to control the driveline to assume the second state when the vehicle is held stationary by brake means in response to actuation of driver operable brake control means, the control system being operable upon release of the brake control means to verify that a first portion of a powertrain of the vehicle is rotating at a speed exceeding a prescribed threshold and to command the driveline to assume the first state before permitting release of the brake means.

Method for operating a drive train, and drive train

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for operating a drive train having a drive shaft ( 2 ), an electric prime mover ( 4 ) connected to an electrical grid ( 12 ), and a differential gearing ( 3 ) having a total of three input and output elements, an output element being connected to the drive shaft ( 2 ), one input element to the prime mover ( 4 ) and a second input element to a differential drive ( 5 ). According to said method the differential drive ( 5 ) is motor-operated only, whereas the prime mover ( 4 ) is motor- or generator-operated, the differential drive ( 5 ) being coupled to the electrical grid ( 12 ) by way of a rectifier ( 19 ).

Study on conversion between the common models of PSD-BPA and PSS/E

Abstract: In order to facilitate exchanging and sharing data between the domestic and international main tools for power system electromechanical transient analysis, this paper analyzes and compares the common mathematical models for transient stability including synchronous generator, excitation system, turbine and governor, load and even DC transmission system in PSD-BPA and PSS/E. Several typical problems about excitation system, prime mover and governors in the data exchange process are discussed. The case study has been carried out on an actual AC/DC system in China Southern Power Grid (CSG) by the two softwares, respectively. The results show that the developed conversion program is preliminarily effective.

Improved heat utilization in orc systems

Abstract: Apparatus, systems and methods are provided for the improved use of waste heat recovery systems which utilize the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) to generate mechanical and/or electric power from waste heat of large industrial machines (prime movers) generating power from biofuel such as biogas produced during the anaerobic digestion process. Waste heat energy obtained from prime mover(s) is provided to one or more ORC system(s) which are operatively coupled to separate electrical generator(s). The ORC system includes a heat coupling subsystem which provides the requisite condensation of ORC working fluid by transferring heat from ORC working fluid to another process or system, such as anaerobic digester tank(s), to provide heat energy that enhances the production of fuel for the prime mover(s) without requiring the consumption of additional energy for that purpose.

System for tracking and testing generator sets used in conjunction with temperature controlled containers

Abstract: A generator set system for use with a refrigerated shipping container, the generator set system including a prime mover, a generator coupled to the prime mover, a generator set controller, and a generator set telematics unit. The generator set telematics unit determines a geographical location of the generator set, and the generator set controller performs pre-trip inspections on the generator set prior to the generator set leaving a pre-defined geographical area.