Showing papers on "Rapeseed published in 1995"
TL;DR: Genetic engineering of new storage oils and fats has produced oil crop plants with fatty acid compositions unattainable by plant breeding alone, but the combination of classical breeding methods with molecular techniques provides new ways for designing oils for food and nonfood uses.
Abstract: Genetic engineering of new storage oils and fats has produced oil crop plants with fatty acid compositions unattainable by plant breeding alone. The combination of classical breeding methods with molecular techniques provides new ways for designing oils for food and nonfood uses. Alterations in the position and number of double bonds, variation in fatty acid chain length, and the introduction of desired functional groups have already been achieved in model systems. Short-term prospects include crops such as rapeseed or soybean engineered to have greater than 70 to 80 percent medium-chain fatty acids by content, greater than 90 percent oleic acid, and high erucic acid content, and engineered to form ricinoleic acid in seed storage tissues.
245 citations
TL;DR: Fall-planted rapeseed and sudangrass were evaluated for weed control in potato during a two-year study and rapeseed incorporated in the spring in a loamy sand soil reduced weed density and biomass in following potato crops compared to potato after fallow.
Abstract: Fall-planted rapeseed and sudangrass were evaluated for weed control in potato during a two-year study. Rapeseed incorporated in the spring in a loamy sand soil reduced weed density 85 and 73% in 1992 and 1993, respectively, and reduced weed biomass 96 and 50% in 1992 and 1993, respectively, in following potato crops compared to potato after fallow. Potato following rapeseed yielded 25% and 17% more total tuber weight than potato following sudangrass in 1992 and fallow in 1993, respectively. In greenhouse trials, rapeseed tissue added to a loamy sand soil at 20 g fresh weight per 400 g dry soil reduced biomass of hairy nightshade and longspine sandbur by 90 and 83%, respectively. Similarly, white mustard tissue added at 20 g fresh weight per 400 g dry soil reduced biomass of hairy nightshade and green foxtail by 83 and 70%, respectively.
186 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded, that resynthesized rapeseed is a valuable source for broadening the genetic variation in present breeding material of Brassica napus, although different lines differ widely in their suitability for this purpose.
Abstract: It has frequently been suggested to use the resynthesis of rapeseed (Brassica napus) from B. campestris and B. oleracea to broaden its genetic base. The objective of the present study is twofold: (1) to compare the genetic variation within resynthesized rapeseed with a world-wide collection of oilseed rape cultivars, and (2) to compare genetic distances estimated from RFLP markers with distances estimated from a relatively small number of allozyme markers. We investigated 17 resynthesized lines and 24 rapeseed cultivars. Genetic distances were estimated either based on the electrophoresis of seven allozymes, with a total of 38 different bands, or based on RFLP data of 51 probe/enzyme combinations, with a total of 355 different bands. The results of allozyme and RFLP analyses agreed reasonably well. Genetic distances, estimated from two independent sets of RFLP data with 25 and 26 probe/enzyme combinations respectively, were highly correlated; hence about 50 RFLP markers are sufficient to characterize rapeseed material with a large genetic diversity. The cultivars were clustered into three groups: (1) spring rapeseed of European and Northern American origin, (2) winter rapeseed of European and Northern American origin, and (3) rapeseed of Asian origin. Several of the resynthesized rapeseed lines were similar to European winter rapeseed cultivars, whereas others had quite unique patterns. It is concluded, that resynthesized rapeseed is a valuable source for broadening the genetic variation in present breeding material of Brassica napus. However, different lines differ widely in their suitability for this purpose.
165 citations
TL;DR: A F1 microspore-derived DH population, previously used for the development of a rapeseed RFLP map, was analysed for the distribution of erucic acid and seed oil content and two of the QTLs for oil content showed a close association in location to the two erucal acid genes, indicating a direct effect of the erucing acid genes on oil content.
Abstract: A F1 microspore-derived DH population, previously used for the development of a rapeseed RFLP map, was analysed for the distribution of erucic acid and seed oil content. A clear three-class segregation for erucic acid content could be observed and the two erucic acid genes of rapeseed were mapped to two different linkage groups on the RFLP map. Although the parents of the segregating DH population showed no significant difference in seed oil content, in the DH population a transgressive segregation in oil content was observed. The segregation closely followed a normal distribution, characteristic of a quantitative trait. Using the program MAPMAKER/QTL, three QTLs for seed oil content could be mapped on three different linkage groups. The additive effects of these QTLs explain about 51% of the phenotypic variation observed for this trait in the DH population. Two of the QTLs for oil content showed a close association in location to the two erucic acid genes, indicating a direct effect of the erucic acid genes on oil content.
159 citations
TL;DR: The controlled backcrossing of selected hybrids to B. juncea, with B.juncea as the female parent, was successful both in controlled crosses and spontaneously in the field, and resulted in many seeds.
Abstract: We have examined the inheritance of 20 rapeseed (Brassica napus)-specific RAPD (randomly amplified polymorphic DNA) markers from transgenic, herbicide-tolerant rapeseed in 54 plants of the BC1 generation from the cross B. junceax(B. junceaxB. napus). Hybridization between B. juncea and B. napus, with B. juncea as the female parent, was successful both in controlled crosses and spontaneously in the field. The controlled backcrossing of selected hybrids to B. juncea, again with B. juncea as the female parent, also resulted in many seeds. The BC1 plants contained from 0 to 20 of the rapeseed RAPD markers, and the frequency of inheritance of individual RAPD markers ranged from 19% to 93%. The transgene was found in 52% of the plants analyzed. Five synteny groups of RAPD markers were identified. In the hybrids pollen fertility was 0–28%. The hybrids with the highest pollen fertility were selected as male parents for backcrossing, and pollen fertility in the BC1 plants was improved (24–90%) compared to that of the hybrids.
63 citations
TL;DR: The F2 progeny from the cross between oilseed rape and cultivar Topas and R4 was analyzed with 8 RFLPs and 34 RAPDs to discover a genetic tag for gene(s) affecting linolenic acid concentration, which may be used to facilitate selection for fatty acid composition in future breeding programs of oil Seed rape.
Abstract: The F2 progeny (64 individuals) from the cross between oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) cultivar Topas and R4 (a low linolenic mutation line) was analyzed with 8 RFLPs and 34 RAPDs to discover a genetic tag for gene(s) affecting linolenic acid concentration. According to variance analysis (ANOVA), one RAPD marker (25a) was significantly associated with linolenic acid content; the linolenic acid concentration in the seeds of F2 individuals showing the marker (includes both homo- and hetero-zygotes) was 7.43 ± 1.35% and in those lacking the marker was 5.70 ± 1.52%. Marker 25a may be used to facilitate selection for fatty acid composition in future breeding programs of oilseed rape.Key words: Brassica napus, RFLP, RAPD, linolenic acid.
58 citations
TL;DR: The results indicate that lipid-lowering diets containing either rapeseed oil or olive oil have similar effects on serum lipoprotein concentration and glucose tolerance in hyperlipidemic subjects.
Abstract: To compare the metabolic effects of a lipid-lowering diet containing either low erucic rapeseed (canola) oil or olive oil.Twenty-two hyperlipidemic patients participated in a cross-over study comprising two consecutive 3.5-week treatment periods. The participants were free-living throughout the study period, visiting the metabolic clinic initially and at the end of each treatment period for weighing and blood sampling. All food was prepared daily and weighed out for each individual appropriate to his/her energy requirement.Total serum cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and the ratio between low-density and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased to the same extent on the two diets tested, as did the apolipoproteins B, A-I and Lp(a). After adjustment for body weight changes, most of the reported effects remained virtually unaltered. However, there was a slightly greater decrease in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol with the diet containing rapeseed oil (−17%, p < 0.001) than with the olive oil d...
48 citations
TL;DR: Results show that the esters of PAP were products of the ITH refining process and were not formed spontaneously during storage, providing strong support for the hypothesis that one or more of the fatty acid ester of P AP were the etiologic agents for TOS.
Abstract: The etiologic agent(s) that was responsible for the 1981 toxic oil syndrome [TOS] epidemic in Spain has not been identified. Liquid chromatography combined with atmospheric pressure ionization tandem mass spectrometry was used for the analysis of oils associated with TOS. Analyses focused on measuring 3-(N-phenylamino)-1,2-propanediol [PAP], the 3-oleyl ester of PAP [MEPAP], and the 1,2-di-oleyl ester of PAP [DEPAP]. DEPAP and MEPAP were found more frequently and at higher concentrations in TOS case-associated oils than in control oils with odds ratios of 13.7 (95% CI 5.0–38) and 21.9 (95% 6.1–78), respectively. Other fatty acid esters of PAP are also likely to be present in the TOS case-associated oils. More significantly, DEPAP and MEPAP were found in aniline-denatured rapeseed oil refined at ITH, the oil refining company with the clearest link to TOS cases, yet these PAP esters were not detected in unrefined aniline-denatured samples of rapeseed oil delivered to ITH. These results show that the esters of PAP were products of the ITH refining process and were not formed spontaneously during storage. PAP esters were not detected in samples of other aniline-denatured rapeseed oils that were refined elsewhere, and which were not associated with illness. These findings provide strong support for the hypothesis that one or more of the fatty acid esters of PAP were the etiologic agents for TOS.
44 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a mixture of water and rapeseed oil (1 to 4 treatments d−1) was used to spray pigs in pig houses to reduce airborne dust in pig farms.
Abstract: Airborne dust concentrations in pig houses were reduced by spraying with a mixture of water and rapeseed oil (1 to 4 treatments d–1). The daily doses of oil (5 to 64 mL pig–1 d–1) were varied as the oil concentrations (5 to 20%) and the duration of the spraying time (5 to 90 s d–1) were changed. The treatment did not cause an increase of the average concentration of vegetable oil in the air. No pathological lung change in the pigs related to the treatment with rapeseed oil was found, and no indication of oil resorption to lung tissues, lymph nodes, or upper respiratory systems in the pigs was seen.
38 citations
TL;DR: Adult feeding injury by the cabbage seedpod weevil on pods and seeds of winter rapeseed and canola in Georgia and Idaho reduced seed weight and oil content and increased me proportion of germinated seed with abnormal growth.
Abstract: Adult feeding injury by the cabbage seedpod weevil (Ceutorhynchus assimilis Paykull) on pods and seeds of winter rapeseed and canola (Brassica napus L.) in Georgia and Idaho reduced seed weight and oil content an average of 16.2 and 2.2%, respectively. Injury also reduced seed germination by 40.5%, increased me proportion of germinated seed with abnormal growth and reduced seedling emergence from soil. Key words: Insecta, Ceutorhynchus assimilis, canola, rapeseed, Brassica napus, seed injury
Journal Article•
TL;DR: 1,3-Butadiene, benzene, and a series of aldehydes, olefins, and saturated hydrocarbons were elucidated in vapors from Chinese rapeseed oil to determine the underlying factors responsible for genotoxicity and perhaps lung cancer risk in Chinese women.
Abstract: As part of a program to determine the underlying factors responsible for genotoxicity and perhaps lung cancer risk in Chinese women, we qualitatively identified the volatile components emitted during the heating of cooking oils to 265 degrees C. 1,3-Butadiene, benzene, and a series of aldehydes, olefins, and saturated hydrocarbons were elucidated in vapors from Chinese rapeseed oil. On a relative basis, the intensity of 1,3-butadiene vapors from this were 15.7-, 6.3-, and 1.4-fold greater than in the vapors from peanut, soybean, and Canola oils, respectively. Thus, the Chinese rapeseed oil yielded a higher emission rate of 1,3-butadiene than the other three oils investigated. The benzene formation rate followed a similar trend, i.e., its intensity in Chinese rapeseed oil was 14-, 6.6-, and 1.7-fold greater than in vapors from peanut, soybean, and Canola oils, respectively.
TL;DR: Analysis of organellar DNA revealed a distinct bias toward the inheritance of chloroplasts from the B. rapa (aa) genome, and novel agronomic characters in the hybrids recovered include large seed size, lodging resistance, and non-shattering seed pods.
Abstract: Novel Brassica napus somatic hybrids have been created through protoplast fusion of B. oleracea var. botrytis and B. rapa var. oleifera genotypes selected for high erucic acid (22:1) content in the seed oil. Fifty amphidiploids (aacc) and one putative hexaploid (aacccc) hybrid were recovered in one fusion experiment. Conversely, only one amphidiploid and numerous regenerates with higher DNA contents were produced in a similar fusion using a different B. rapa partner. Hybridity was confirmed by morphology, isozyme expression, flow cytometry, and DNA hybridization. Analysis of organellar DNA revealed a distinct bias toward the inheritance of chloroplasts from the B. rapa (aa) genome. All amphidiploids set self-pollinated seed. A erucic acid content as high as 57.4% was found in the seed oil of one regenerated plant. Fatty acid composition was stable in the R1 generation and was coupled with increased female fertility. Other novel agronomic characters in the hybrids recovered include large seed size, lodging resistance, and non-shattering seed pods.
TL;DR: Mercury summer rape (Brassica napus L.) is a high-erucic acid rapeseed cultivar with canola-quality meal that is adapted to the southern B. napus growing regions of western Canada.
Abstract: Mercury summer rape (Brassica napus L.) is a high-erucic acid rapeseed cultivar with canola-quality meal. The oil provides a good source of erucic acid for industrial applications and the canola-quality meal can be used in the feed industry. Mercury has an average 10% yield advantage over Hero rapeseed with seed oil and protein contents comparable with Hero rapeseed. Mercury is adapted to the southern B. napus growing regions of western Canada. Key words: Rape (summer), high erucic acid-low glucosinolate, cultivar description
TL;DR: The results of the glucosinolate elimination showed that extraction could be conveniently performed on raw rapeseed meal with water (water to meal mass ratio of 6) at room temperature for 15-20 min this paper.
TL;DR: These findings open up an alternative mild biotechnological approach for the production of fatty acids from plant oils via lipolysis of the seed storage triacylglycerols in situ as opposed to the conventional fat splitting at high temperatures and pressures.
Abstract: Germinating oilseeds are well-known sources of lipases (triacylglycerol acylhydrolases, EC 3.1.1.3). Seedlings of low-erucic rape (Brassica napus cv. Ceres) at day 3-5 of germination have been homogenized in Tris-HCl buffer and the homogenate used as biocatalyst for the hydrolysis of low-erucic rapeseed oil. The rape seedlings were found to be highly active in the hydrolysis of exogenous low-erucic rapeseed oil. The optimum rates of hydrolysis were found at day 4 of germination, pH 8.0, and a temperature of 30 °C. The oil (storage triacylglycerols) contained in the seeds of low-erucic rape has also been efficiently hydrolyzed by homogenization of the germinating seedlings in Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8) followed by incubation at ambient temperature. The fatty acids formed undergo very little catabolism via β-oxidation, and they can be recovered by extraction with hexane or by centrifugation. These findings open up an alternative mild biotechnological approach for the production of fatty acids from plant oils via lipolysis of the seed storage triacylglycerols in situ as opposed to the conventional fat splitting at high temperatures and pressures.
TL;DR: The doubled haploid breeding method and greenhouse screening using cotyledon bio-assay were successfully applied to transfer blackleg resistance from the Australian cultivar Maluka (Brassicas napus), into susceptible advanced B. napus lines from the University of Alberta.
Abstract: The doubled haploid breeding method and greenhouse screening using cotyledon bio-assay were successfully applied to transfer blackleg resistance from the Australian cultivar Maluka (Brassicas napus), into susceptible advanced B. napus lines from the University of Alberta. This approach for blackleg resistance breeding was effective and efficient as several superior blackleg resistant breeding lines were identified within 4 yr from the initial cross. One of these lines (91–21864NA) was entered in the 1993 trials of the Western Canada Canola/Rapeseed Recommending Committee. Key words: Blackleg resistance, Leptosphaeria maculans, doubled haploid, Brassica napus
Patent•
17 Jan 1995
TL;DR: A variety of Brassica napus, designated AG019, and essentially derived therefrom, having oil which combines oxidative stability sufficient for industrial applications with a desirable dietary fatty acid profile as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: A variety of Brassica napus, designated AG019, and varieties essentially derived therefrom, having oil which combines oxidative stability sufficient for industrial applications with a desirable dietary fatty acid profile. Plants, seeds, tissue cultures, and plants regenerated from tissue cultures. Oil having an oleic acid content of from about 71.4% to about 77.4%, a linolenic acid content of no more than about 3%, an oleic:linolenic acid ratio value of at least about 34.0, and an (oleic+linoleic)/linolenic acid ratio value of at least about 41.2. The oil has substantially improved oxidative stability, relatively to normal rapeseed oil, when both are treated with antioxidant.
TL;DR: Seedlings of low-erucic rape (Brassica napus) at day 3-5 of germination have been homogenized in Tris-HCl buffer and the homogenate used--as such or after defatting with pentane--as a biocatalyst for the hydrolysis of fats and oils containing common and unusual fatty acids as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Seedlings of low-erucic rape (Brassica napus) at day 3-5 of germination have been homogenized in Tris-HCl buffer and the homogenate used--as such or after defatting with pentane--as a biocatalyst for the hydrolysis of fats and oils containing common and unusual fatty acids. The rape seedlings were found to be highly active in the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols of linseed oil, castor oil, borage oil, coriander oil, Hydnocarpus wightiana oil, and hake (Merluccius hubbsi) liver oil but were unable to hydrolyze the wax esters contained in jojoba oil and orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus) oil to any appreciable extent. In the hydrolysis of borage oil, coriander oil, H. wightiana oil, and hake liver oil the rape seedlings were found to discriminate against gamma-linolenoyl, petroselinoyl, gorlioyl and n-3 docosahexaenoyl moieties, respectively. These findings show the potentials of germinating rape seedlings as a cheap and easy-to-obtain biocatalyst for complete hydrolysis of oils or for their partial selective hydrolysis for the enrichment of definite fatty acids from mixtures.
TL;DR: Results from continuous feeding studies with pods and 35 SO 4 2- indicated that individual rapeseed glucosinolates have characteristic Pq values, and 'Partition quotients' (Pq) were calculated from 35 S-labelling data and used to describe the apportionment of newly synthesized glucos inolates between pod walls and seeds.
Abstract: 35 SO 4 2- and 35 S-labelled glucosinolate precursors were administered to intact whole-pods and seeds to investigate the capacity of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) pod tissues to carry out reactions of the glucosinolate biosynthetic pathway. 35 S-desulphobut-3-enyl and 35 S-desulphoindol-3-ylmethyl glucosinolates were converted to their sulphonated intact-glucosinolate homologues by isolated immature seeds. A neutral sulphur-containing fraction was isolated from pod walls and shown to be associated with glucosinolate biosynthesis. Further purification of this fraction showed the presence of desulphoglucosinolates, the penultimate intermediates in the glucosinolate biosynthetic pathway. Chemical characterization and quantification of these intermediates showed that their types and levels corresponded to the glucosinolate biosynthetic activity of pod-wall tissues. 'Partition quotients' (Pq) were calculated for individual glucosinolates from 35 S-labelling data and used to describe the apportionment of newly synthesized glucosinolates between pod walls and seeds. Results from continuous feeding studies with pods and 35 SO 4 2- indicated that individual rapeseed glucosinolates have characteristic Pq values.
28 Oct 1995
TL;DR: In this paper, the nutritional status of the crop under the usual relatively low nutrient supply of the area, aiming for a rational fertilization policy for this oil crop, was assessed.
Abstract: Rapeseed (Brassica napus) has been introduced recently in the pampean region, Argentina. Our objective was to assess the nutritional status of the crop under the usual relatively low nutrient supply of the area, aiming for a rational fertilization policy for this oil crop. Two cultivars were studied on a Vertic Argiudoll, at the experimental field of the Faculty of Agronomy, University of Buenos Aires. Plant samples were taken at the stages of rosette, elongation, flowering, and maturity. Dry matter and nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) contents were determined. Plant nutrient concentrations were within the range of plants grown under high nutrient supply, but the yields were low. The differences in growth rate did not means different total nutrient absorption. The seeds exported between 74 and 79% of the absorbed N and P, but K remained largely in the straw.
TL;DR: To identify varietal diverity of seed glucosinolates content in Japanese rape (Brassica napus L.), total amount and composition of seed gluco-sinolates contents were analysed by means of Palladium-glucosinolate complex method and high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry.
Abstract: To identify varietal diverity of seed glucosinolates content in Japanese rape (Brassica napus L.), total amount and composition of seed glucosinolates content were analysed on 65 Japanese rape and 11 European and North American low glucosinolates rape (Table 1) by means of Palladium-glucosinolate complex method and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The average of total amount of glucosinolates of Japanese cultivars varied from 60. 5 μmol/g of Norin 18 to 161. 4 1lmol/g of Norin 12 (Fig. 1) . In 50 Japanese cultivars, Norin 18 (60. 5 pmol/g) and Norin 16 (65. 4 μmol/g) showed the lowest glucosinolates contents. On the other hand, glucosinolates content of Norin 12 (161.4μImol/g) and Isuzunatane (150.9 μmol/g) were the highest. These four cultivars were originated from interspecific crossing of B. napus X B. campestris. HPLC analysis of seed glucosinolates revealed that rapeseed had 10 main peaks (Fig. 2) . In these peaks, 9 glucosinalates were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Low gluco-sinolates contents in Norin 18 and Norin 16 resulted from the reduction of Progoitrin and Gluconapin which are Aliphatic glucosinolate. Though, Japanese cultivars have been bred by three different breeding methods, e. g. pure line selection, varietal crossing (B. napus X B. napus) and interspecific crossing (B. napus X B. campestris), each glucosinolate content was not related to the breeding method (Table 2)
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, the availability of low erucic acid rapeseed oil (LEAR oil) for vegetable oil in commercial mayonnaise preparation was investigated and the quality characteristics of mayonnaises with mixed oils of soybean oil plus LEAR oil were compared.
Abstract: This study was performed to know the availability of low erucic acid rapeseed oil (LEAR oil) for vegetable oil in commercial mayonnaise preparation. Mixed oils (blended soybean oil with LEAR oil) were prepared and mayonnaises were prepared with these oils and then compared the quality characteristics of these samples. The oxidative stability of vegetable oil with Rancimat test showed that LEAR oil was higher stability than soybean oil, and became higher with increase of LEAR oil ratio. Quality characteristics of mayonnaises with these oils showed that mayonnaise with mixed oils was preferred to that with LEAR oil itself. Furthermore, the quality characteristics of mayonnaises with mixed oils of soybean oil plus LEAR oil were better than those of mayonnaise with soybean oil solely.
TL;DR: The combined use of R S M and RS in the diets o f growing pigs had an unfavourable effect on protein and energy uti l izat ion.
Abstract: Twenty-four Polish Landrace pigs (12 gilts and 12 barrows) fattened from 30 to 95 kg body weight were fed diets containing 18% rapeseed meal ( R S M ) and full-fat rape seeds (RS) in the following amounts: 0 (group RS-0), 10 (group RS-10) or 20% (group RS-20). The pigs were fed on an individual basis w i th rations having equal energy, protein and lysine contents. Ni t rogen balance was determined at 40, 60 and 80 kg liveweight. Metabolizable energy and protein ut i l izat ion were determined by the slaughter technique. The thyro id gland, liver and kidneys were weighed and plasma T 3 and T 4 levels assayed. Ni t rogen retention was on average 12 and 17% lower ( P < 0.01) in groups RS-10 and RS-20 than in RS-0; the negative effect o f rape seeds on nitrogen uti l izat ion intensified as fattening progressed. Metabolizable energy uti l izat ion in pigs receiving 20% RS was 2.5 and 3.4% worse (P <0.05) than in groups RS-10 and RS-0, respectively. As glucosinolates intake increased, the weight o f the internal organs rose and T 3 and T 4 levels declined. These changes were not, however, proport ional to the amount o f glucosinolates intake. The combined use o f R S M and RS in the diets o f growing pigs had an unfavourable effect on protein and energy uti l izat ion. K E Y W O R D S : pig, nitrogen retention, energy metabolism, glucosinolate, internal organs, thyro id
01 Sep 1995
01 Jan 1995
TL;DR: In this paper, the triacylglycerol (TAG) lipid structure of high and low C18:3 rapeseed oils has been determined to test Sn-2 specific acyltransferase activities.
Abstract: To promote uses of rapeseed (Brassica, napus) oil, some new oil fatty acid profiles are needed. In this paper, we report the development of low linolenic acid (C18:3) lines. The triacylglycerol (TAG) lipid structure of high and low C18:3 rapeseed oils has been determined to test Sn-2 specific acyltransferase activities. No differences were detected among the lines for the TAG lipid structure even with a 0.9% C18:3 content.