Showing papers on "Sativum published in 1975"
TL;DR: Marked changes in the germination capacity of the maturing seeds are closely associated with changes in extractable amounts of methyl-4-chloroindol-3yl acetate and abscisic acid, suggesting that high concentrations of these substances in the embryo, rather than any restriction imposed by the testa, may prevent precocious germination of the seeds.
Abstract: Developing fruits of Pisurn sativum, L., cv. 'Alaska', contain relatively large amounts of hor mones, mainly concentrated in the embryos and liquid endosperm. A close relationship can be demonstrated between changes in extractable amounts of gibberellins (mainly GA20), auxins (methyl 4-chloroindol-3yl acetate and probably 4-chloroindol-3yl acetic acid), and abscisic acid, and changes in growth rates of both the pod wall and seeds. Growth of the pod wall appears to depend largely on hormones supplied by the seeds. Marked changes in the germination capacity of the maturing seeds are closely associated with changes in extractable amounts of methyl-4-chloroindol-3yl acetate and abscisic acid. It is believed that high concentrations of these substances in the embryo, rather than any restriction imposed by the testa, may prevent precocious germination of the seeds.
205 citations
TL;DR: Pisum sativum has been put forward as a practical alternative to soybean as a protein source that can be grown in temperate climates and its contribution to the carbon economy of the developing seed would be important in subsequent breeding programmes designed to exploit knowledge of the physiological components of yield.
Abstract: Pisum sativum has been put forward as a practical alternative to soybean (Glycine max) as a protein source that can be grown in temperate climates. In contrast to the cereals little attention has been paid to the contribution of the reproductive parts of Pisum sativum in the carbon economy of the developing seed. This information would be important in subsequent breeding programmes designed to exploit knowledge of the physiological components of yield.
72 citations
TL;DR: In general, the P. sativum lectin was found to be less sensitive to structural variation of inhibiting carbohydrates than concanavalin A, the lectin from Canavalia ensiformis.
47 citations
TL;DR: When the host cell vacuole disappears senescent bacteroid cells dis-integrate completely and a minority of the bacteroid population shows an earlier degeneration.
Abstract: The nitrogen-fixing cells of pea root nodules ultimately disintegrate. Ultrastructural observations were made on the bacteroid tissue of nodules on the proximal 3 cm of the main root of Pisum sativum cv. Rondo induced by Rhizobium leguminosarum A 171. Host cells and bacteroids simultaneously undergo ultrastructural changes considered to the features of senescence. These changes can be observed in bacteroid cells at the base of nodules harvested 14 days after culture starts. When the host cell vacuole disappears senescent bacteroid cells dis-integrate completely. A minority of the bacteroid population shows an earlier degeneration.
46 citations
25 citations
TL;DR: The distribution of deuterium in squalene and β-amyrin, biosynthesized from mevalonic acid-6, 6,6,6- d 3 in Pisum sativum, has been examined.
23 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the isolation of three antifungal pterocarpans from Pisum sativum epicotyls infected with Fusarium solani f. pisi is described.
Abstract: The isolation of three antifungal pterocarpans from Pisum sativum epicotyls infected with Fusarium solani f. sp. pisi is described. By a combination of spectroscopic and degradative techniques the compounds were identified as 4-hydroxy-2,3,9-trimethoxy-(1), 3-hydroxy-2,9-dimethoxy-(2), and 2,3,9-trimethoxy-pterocarpan (3).
20 citations
TL;DR: In this article, homoserine dehydrogenase was extracted from Ricinus communis and Pisum sativum and the kinetic parameters of the forward and reverse reactions were determined.
20 citations
TL;DR: While high yields of forage were obtained from these annual crops, the most favorable yields would not justify the additional expense of cultivation and establishment when compared with perennial forage yields over the same 3-yr period.
Abstract: The three cereal crops oats (Avena sativa L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were tested for forage yields alone and in combinations with each other as well as in combinations with peas (Pisum sativum L.), soybeans (Glycine max. L.) and rape (Brassica napus L.) at three sites and in 3 yr. A range of seeding rates and crop combinations was used. While high yields of forage were obtained from these annual crops, the most favorable yields would not justify the additional expense of cultivation and establishment when compared with perennial forage yields over the same 3-yr period. Oats gave the best yields where seasons were longer and rainfall higher whereas barley gave the highest yields in areas with a drier, shorter season. Higher seeding rates improved yields and reduced fibre contents for all crops over the range tested. This increase was not, however, substantial and with the possible exception of oats, high seed rates would not be economical. The presence of a non-cereal...
18 citations
10 citations
TL;DR: Silybine, silydianine and silychristine, three components of silymarine, the active principle ofSilybum marianum Gaertn, exert different but significant and dose dependent effects on the growth of seedlings ofLepidium sativum L.
Abstract: Silybine, silydianine and silychristine, three components of silymarine, the active principle ofSilybum marianum Gaertn., exert different but significant and dose dependent effects on the growth of seedlings ofLepidium sativum L.
01 Jan 1975
TL;DR: It is shown that the use of particular kinds of crosses can aid in discriminating the separate roles of sinks and sources as determinants of seed size.
Abstract: Summary. Variation in cell population size and cell weight in the cotyledons are important factors in determining seed weight in Pisum sativum. The regulation of these parameters as well as that of growth rate has been examined. The use of reciprocal crosses between varieties of contrasting seed size has allowed the recognition of two systems of control--an intrinsic one dependent on the seed's own genotype, and the extrinsic control of the maternal environment. It is shown that the use of particular kinds of crosses can aid in discriminating the separate roles of sinks and sources as determinants of seed size.
TL;DR: The structure of two sesquiterpene metabolites of Helminthosporium sativum, previously assigned to the sativene series, has been settled as in 4 and 14 by chemical correlation as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The structure of two new sesquiterpene metabolites ofHelminthosporium sativum, previously assigned to the sativene series, has been settled as in4 and14 by chemical correlation.
TL;DR: In this paper, an enzymatic synthesis of 2-β-d -glucopyranosyl-3-isoxazolin-5-one is described, using UDP-glucose as precursors and enzyme extracts of Pisum sativum and Lathyrus odoratus.
TL;DR: The germination of Pisum sativum cv.
TL;DR: It is concluded that the existence of a quiescent centre in angiosperm roots is not due to carbohydrate starvation or to the super-abundance, or lack of, IAA.
Abstract: Excised roots ofPisum sativum were cultured in White's medium supplemented with various concentrations of sucrose or IAA and exposed to3H-TdR for 24 hours, three days after excision. Varying the concentration of sucrose or IAA in the culture medium had no effect on the size of the quiescent centre in the apical meristem of these roots. It is concluded that the existence of a quiescent centre in angiosperm roots is not due to carbohydrate starvation or to the super-abundance, or lack of, IAA.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The growth-stimulating activity of silymarine onLepidium sativum L.-seedlings is due only to its main component silybine as discussed by the authors, and the minor constituents, silydianine and silychristine, antagonize the effect of the main component in a specific and dose-dependent manner.
Abstract: The growth-stimulating activity of silymarine onLepidium sativum L.-seedlings is due only to its main component silybine. The minor constituents, silydianine and silychristine, antagonize the effect of silybine in a specific and dose-dependent manner.
TL;DR: It is reported that, using ferricyanide as an electron acceptor and the 3,3’ diaminobenzidine(DAB) intensification procedure of Hanker et at (6), cytochemically localized a tryptamine-oxidizing activity in the mitochondria of Avena coleoptiles.
Abstract: In most plants, indole-acetic acid (IAA) is probably synthesized from tryptophan via various pathways (13). One of the proposed schemes is the tryptamine pathway, where tryptamine is first formed from tryptophan by tryptophan decarboxylase and then oxidatively deaminated to IAA via indole-3-acetaldehyde by an amine oxidase (13, 14). The operation of this pathway has been inferred from the following facts (see ref. 13): (a) tryptamine occurs naturally in some plant species; (b) tryptamine is active in the Avena curvature test; (c) tryptamine elongates the hypocotyl segments of certain plants; (d) tracer experiments have shown that ‘4C-labeled tryptamine gives rise to radioactive IAA (see also ref. 3). Schneider et at. (14) have found all ofthe enzymes required for the biosynthesis of IAA from tryptophan in sterile cell-free systems prepared from tomato shoots, except amine oxidase. In Avena coleoptile, the presence of this enzyme and its participation in the IAA synthesis has been indirectly suggested by studies with monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors (16). However, no direct demonstration of this enzyme has so far been reported, although Percival and Purves (11) recently discussed the possibility of its presence in cell-free extracts of cucumber seedlings. In the past, tryptamine has been used as a substrate in tetrazolium and ferricyanide methods to localize MAO activity in animal tissues (see ref. 15). In the present communication, we report that, using ferricyanide as an electron acceptor and the 3,3’ diaminobenzidine(DAB) intensification procedure of Hanker et at (6), we have cytochemically localized a tryptamine-oxidizing activity in the mitochondria of Avena coleoptiles. This activity was inhibited by pargyline, an inhibitor which reacts with the flavin prosthetic group of MAO (2, 10; see ref. 5), but is not an effective inhibitor of diamine oxidases. Furthermore, to supplement our cytochemical data, we have detected MAO activity biochemically in mitochondrial preparations from the coleoptiles. For the ultrastructural cytochemistry of MAO, Avena coleoptiles were cut less than 0.5 mm long from the tip of 4 to 5-day-old, dark-grown oat seedlings (the seeds were obtained from Carolina Biological Supply Company, Burlington, N. C.) and preincubated in 1
28 Sep 1975
TL;DR: There were general enhancements of P uptake at low concentrations and suppressions at high concentrations, but these effects diminished with time, indicating transitory influences.
Abstract: The uptake and translocation of32P applied to nutrient solutions, as influenced by (2-chloroethyl) trimethylammonium chloride (CCC) and 2, 4-dichlorobenzyltributylphosphonium chloride (Phosfon), were investigated in growth chambers. Specific effects depended on the “Retardin”, the method of application, and the concentration.
TL;DR: In this article, three synthetic auxin transport inhibitors induced a curl in excised Pisum sativum L. root tips, and the curling response was still expressed in root tips subjected to treatments of the auxin Transport Inhibitors in combination with each other.