Showing papers on "Sexual dysfunction published in 1982"
TL;DR: A random sample of 55 schizophrenic outpatients treated with neuroleptics was selected and sexual dysfunction was found to be associated with high plasma prolactin levels in male patients but not in female patients, and antiparkinsonian medication was not found to been correlated with either sexual dysfunction or menstrual disorder score.
Abstract: A random sample of 55 schizophrenic outpatients, 26 men and 29 women, treated with neuroleptics was selected from our long term follow-up clinic. The patients rated their current sexual functioning on specially designed scales. Fifty-four per cent of male and 30 per cent of female patients reported impaired sexual functioning during neuroleptic treatment. Ninety-one per cent of female patients reported changes in menstruation. Partial correlation coefficients were calculated between sexual dysfunction score and plasma prolactin level adjusting for age. Sexual dysfunction was found to be associated with high plasma prolactin levels in male patients but not in female patients. High prolactin tended also to be associated with menstrual disturbances. Antiparkinsonian medication was not found to be correlated with either sexual dysfunction or menstrual disorder score.
230 citations
TL;DR: Recognition of this phenomenon should lead to increased identification of male victims as well as to better medical, psychological, and legal services for them.
Abstract: The belief that it is impossible for males to respond sexually when subjected to sexual molestation by women is contradicted. Previous research indicating that male sex response can occur in a variety of emotional states, including anger and terror, are corroborated. Eleven cases of male sexual molestation by females are classified and described. A post-trauma reaction occurs in which sexual function and psychological state are affected. The men were all personally interviewed. Recognition of this phenomenon should lead to increased identification of male victims as well as to better medical, psychological, and legal services for them.
215 citations
TL;DR: The incidence of sexual dysfunctions in a group of 51 drug-free depressed patients and in age- and sex-matched controls was studied and the genital symptoms correlated inversely with the L (lie) score of the Eysenck Personality Inventory.
Abstract: The incidence of sexual dysfunctions in a group of 51 drug-free depressed patients and in age- and sex-matched controls was studied. Three groups of sexual dysfunction were assessed: alterations of libido, genital symptoms, and menstrual irregularities. The Beck Rating Scale for Depression, the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI), and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were completed on each participant. Depressed patients obtained significantly higher scores on anxiety, depression, and alterations of libido than controls. Rating scale scores for anxiety and depression were strongly inter-correlated, making the separation of depression-related symptoms from anxiety difficult. In males, the genital symptoms correlated inversely with the L (lie) score of the Eysenck Personality Inventory. There were no inter-relationships between the three groups of sexual dysfunction.
197 citations
TL;DR: The literature on the sexual side effects of drugs and chemicals has been reviewed and many of the drugs used therapeutically have been reported to have adverse effects on sexuality, and this must be taken into account when these drugs are used clinically.
Abstract: The literature on the sexual side effects of drugs and chemicals has been reviewed. There are many substances which alter the human sociosexual response cycle either negatively, positively or both. Many of the drugs used therapeutically have been reported to have adverse effects on sexuality, and this must be taken into account when these drugs are used clinically. Many substances which are used for recreational purposes (or sometimes abused) also have profound effects on sexual response. Many of these substances are used in such a way that they can correct underlying sexual problems. Treatment of a drug abuser may well prove unsuccessful without consideration of preexistent sociosexual problems and concerns. From the dawn of recorded history, many substances have been used for the purpose of sexual enhancement. Some of these have known success and their reputations have been passed down through the millenia. The chapter has not yet been closed on aphrodisiacs, even though none have survived the rigors of scientific scrutiny. As long as humans place value on optimal sexual functioning, there will be a demand for sex-enhancing drugs. In order for the scientific and medical community to successfully meet these challenges, more effective and relevant study designs will have to be utilized in order to separate fact from fancy. The study of pharmacosexology is in its infancy, and in order for it to grow and contribute to the world body of knowledge, more researchers and clinicians must be trained in both pharmacology and sexology.
157 citations
Book•
01 Dec 1982
TL;DR: The origins and treatment of unusual sexual behaviors are analyzed from the perspective of orgasmic preference and are illustrated with clinical case examples drawn from the author's many years of work in research and treatment as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Homosexuality, transsexualism, bisexuality, pedophilia, sexual aggression and rape, fetishism, physical abnormalities, and sexual dysfunction are among the sexual anomalies discussed in this timely and comprehensive review. The origins and treatment of unusual sexual behaviors are analyzed from the perspective of orgasmic preference and are illustrated with clinical case examples drawn from the author's many years of work in research and treatment of sexual anomalies.
154 citations
122 citations
TL;DR: Data suggest that sexual dysfunction worsens as lung disease worsens and that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease may be associated with male impotence in the absence of other commonly known causes.
95 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the curse of Mama Coca is discussed. But the authors focus on the sexual aspects of substance use and abuse, and do not address the psychological aspects of drug use.
Abstract: (1982). Cocaine and Sexual Dysfunction: The Curse of Mama Coca. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs: Vol. 14, Sexological Aspects of Substance Use & Abuse, pp. 71-74.
86 citations
TL;DR: Semen quality in coeliac disease could not be clearly related to general or specific (serum vitamin B12 and red cell folate) nutritional deficiencies or to fertility, although sperm motility was markedly reduced in two of the three coeeliacs with infertile marriages.
Abstract: The prevalence of hypogonadism, sexual dysfunction and abnormalities of semen quality was determined in 28 consecutive males with coeliac disease. These observations were related to jejunal morphology and nutritional status, and were compared with findings in 19 men with Crohn's disease of similar age and nutritional status. Two of the 28 coeliacs (7%) had clinical evidence of hypogonadism but impotence and decreased sexual activity occurred more commonly, the latter apparently improving after gluten withdrawal. Of the married coeliacs, 19% had infertile marriages, a value greater than expected in the general population. Hypogonadism and sexual dysfunction were not detected in our patients with Crohn's disease. Seminal analysis in coeliacs revealed marked abnormalities of sperm morphology and motility, but only the former appeared to improve after gluten withdrawal. Similar abnormalities, however, were also detected in patients with Crohn's disease, although, unlike the coeliacs, 46% also had reduced concentrations of spermatozoa. Semen quality in coeliac disease could not be clearly related to general or specific (serum vitamin B12 and red cell folate) nutritional deficiencies or to fertility, although sperm motility was markedly reduced in two of the three coeliacs with infertile marriages. The presence of antisperm antibodies did not appear to be an important aetiological factor in male infertility in coeliac disease. The pathogenesis of infertility and sexual dysfunction in coeliac disease remains unclear, suggesting that factors such as endocrine dysfunction or other specific nutritional deficiency may be involved.
81 citations
TL;DR: Sexual functioning in 84 hypertensive subjects enrolled in an inner city hypertensive program with a matched group of 84 nonhypertensive subjects attending ambulatory care was compared and self‐report compliance was significantly related to controlled DBP.
Abstract: This study compared sexual functioning in 84 hypertensive subjects enrolled in an inner city hypertensive program with a matched group of 84 nonhypertensive subjects attending ambulatory care. Using the Sexual Functioning Questionnaire (SFQ), hypertensive subjects achieved lower levels of sexual functioning than nonhypertensive subjects (F = 21.60, df = 1/164, p less than .001). The 84 hypertensive subjects were categorized according to drug regimen (simple, moderate, and complex) and diastolic blood pressure measurement (DBP) (controlled and uncontrolled). Health beliefs of both sexes, relationship between type of drug regimen and sexual functioning, and association between self-report compliance and sexual functioning were examined. In the health belief survey, males reported a greater frequency of drug-induced sex problems than females (p less than .01), use of a complex drug regimen was associated with low level of sexual functioning (p les than .01), and type of self-report compliance was not related to level of sexual functioning. Hydrochlorothiazide, propranolol, and hydralazine were used by 80 percent, 43 percent, and 20 percent of clients. Self-report compliance was significantly related to controlled DBP (p less than .001).
71 citations
TL;DR: By decreasing the production of testosterone in the brain during the period of sexual differentiation, phenobarbital may lead to sexual dysfunction in later life.
Abstract: Exposure of rats to phenobarbital during late prenatal development decreased the concentration of testosterone in plasma and the brain during the late fetal, early postnatal, pubertal, and adult periods, By decreasing the production of testosterone in the brain during the period of sexual differentiation, phenobarbital may lead to sexual dysfunction in later life.
TL;DR: Most types of sexual dysfunction associated with antipsychotic drugs appear to be medically benign and reversible with drug discontinuation, an exception is priapism, which necessitates prompt urological consultation and may require surgical intervention.
Abstract: The authors review the literature on male sexual dysfunction associated with antipsychotic drug treatment. Erectile and ejaculatory disturbances have been most frequently reported. Changes in libido have also been reported, but the effects of these drugs on sexual drive have apparently not been systematically studied. Fortunately, most types of sexual dysfunction associated with antipsychotic drugs appear to be medically benign and reversible with drug discontinuation. An exception is priapism, which necessitates prompt urological consultation and may require surgical intervention.
TL;DR: The Sexual Concerns and Substance Abuse Project recommends that each opiate abuser entering in to treatment has a brief sex history taken and, if a primary or secondary sexual dysfunction is discovered, then additional evaluation is indicated.
Abstract: It is apparent that a significant degree of sexual concern exists in male and female heroin addicts in the predrug, drug and postdrug periods. The Sexual Concerns and Substance Abuse Project recommends that each opiate abuser entering in to treatment has a brief sex history taken and, if a primary or secondary sexual dysfunction is discovered, then additional evaluation is indicated. Furthermore, the Project stresses the importance of educating the patient to the physiological, as well as psychological, relationship between heroin-related sexual dysfunction and concomitant side effects. For example, in women chronically abusing high doses of heroin, one may not only see a reduction of sexual desire and performance, but also irregular menstrual cycles, and occasionally, amenorrhea, as a result of the depressive effects of the opiate on pituitary hormones. The woman may misinterpret this physiological effect and believe that such changes in her menstrual cycle are irreversible, and that she is sterile. Following the evaluation and patient education phase, the findings obtained from the evaluation of the drug cycle, as it relates to the sociosexual response cycle, should be incorporated into the overall treatment approach for counseling the opiate abuser. When a specific sexual dysfunction exists, particularly if it predates the heroin involvement, referral to a qualified sex therapist is often indicated, to work in co-therapy with the drug counselor and the referring physician. Greater awareness of heroin-related sexual dysfunction may help reduce the relapse rate back to heroin as well as improve the quality of the individual's life during the recovery period.
TL;DR: Surprisingly, few studies support much of the conventional clinical wisdom about antihypertensive agents affecting sexual performance and evidence also exists for the ability of propranolol to inhibit erectile functioning.
TL;DR: The past 12 years have witnessed the establishment of behavioural methods of treating sexual problems based on the principles developed by Masters and Johnson (1970), such methods, with some modifications, have proved to be well suited to the needs of our health service as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The past 12 years have witnessed the establishment of behavioural methods of treating sexual problems based on the principles developed by Masters and Johnson (1970). Such methods, with some modifications, have proved to be well suited to the needs of our health service (Bancroft, 1975). It is an expedient time to take stock with regard to the current situation in this field, particularly the extent to which treatment facilities are meeting patients' needs, the type of methods being used, and how successful they are. In view of the rapid developments that have occurred in sex therapy it is also appropriate to consider what are now the oustanding clinical and research needs in this area.
TL;DR: The discussion contrast the present use of script analysis with the way the term is used in transactional analysis and research in artificial intelligence.
Abstract: The formulation and treatment of sexual dysfunctions are conceptualized within a framework of sexual scripts. This approach places particular emphasis on the cognitive and interpersonal dimensions of sexual interaction and provides greater continuity in our understanding of the development of sexual conduct in general. Clinical assessment of sexual scripts begins with a comparison of performative and cognitive scripts, which are then elaborated in terms of key script attributes such as complexity, rigidity, conventionality and satisfaction. Sex therapy is viewed as a process of script modification, in which particular attention is payed to the integration of covert and overt aspects of the script. Two case illustrations are provided. The discussion contrasts the present use of script analysis with the way the term is used in transactional analysis and research in artificial intelligence.
TL;DR: Assessment of preoperative and postoperative sexual function in a group of patients with no identifiable organic or functional etiology of sexual dysfunction other than aortoiliac operations or arterial occlusive disease found that postoperative impotence was twice as common in those with minor dysfunction preoperatively as in those without minor dysfunction.
Abstract: • Male sexual dysfunction after aortoiliac operations can be a distressing complication. Since previous studies dealing with this problem have not excluded other causes of sexual dysfunction, the true incidence of this complication has been difficult to ascertain. We assessed preoperative and postoperative sexual function in a group of patients with no identifiable organic or functional etiology of sexual dysfunction other than aortoiliac operations or arterial occlusive disease. Seventy-six male patients had no evidence of sexual dysfunction of ambiguous etiology before or after operation. Preoperatively, 33% of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm and 22% of those with aortoiliac occlusive disease were functionally impotent. Conventional dissection techniques rendered an additional 30% of each group functionally impotent. Postoperative impotence was twice as common in those with minor dysfunction preoperatively. ( Arch Surg 1982;117:1177-1181)
TL;DR: Bethanechol, a cholinergic drug, was found to give total relief of impotence in two men and of anorgasmy in one woman; none of the subjects suffered side effects.
Abstract: The anticholinergic properties of currently available antidepressants sometimes cause sexual dysfunction. Bethanechol, a cholinergic drug, was found to give total relief of impotence in two men and of anorgasmy in one woman; none of the subjects suffered side effects.
TL;DR: Sexual behavior patterns in adult life are disturbed as shown by a lack of sexual motivation and decreased performance in rats exposed to cimetidine during intrauterine life and the immediate neonatal period.
Abstract: Exposure of rats to cimetidine during intrauterine life and the immediate neonatal period results in hypoandrogenization in adult life with decreased weights of androgen-dependent tissues and decreased concentrations of testosterone. Moreover, sexual behavior patterns in adult life are disturbed as shown by a lack of sexual motivation and decreased performance.
TL;DR: It is indicated that from a practical standpoint, erections satisfactory for coitus are achieved by less than 25 per cent of the cord-injured and the ability to ejaculate is retained by more than 10% of paraplegic males, and the outlook for fertility in parapLegic males after spinal cord injury is poor.
TL;DR: The impact of biological changes accompanying the menopause appears to influence sexual interest, behaviour and response of both women and their male partners.
TL;DR: Three cases of orgasmic inhibition by clomipramine are reported, one in a male and two infernale patients with obsessive-compulsive features, which led to a resolution of sexual dysfunction while maintaining the patients depression free.
Abstract: Three cases of orgasmic inhibition by clomipramine are reported, one in a male and two in females. All were depressed patients with obsessive-compulsive features. Orgasmic dysfunction manifested shortly after beginning clomipramine therapy despite a return of libido as the depression lifted. Two of these patients switched to desipramine which led to a resolution of sexual dysfunction while maintaining the patients depression free. The third patient manipulated dosage times to diminish the orgastic problem. Strong anticholinergic and/or anti-adrenergic properties of clomipramine are suspected to underlie the development of this problem.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Drugs such as antihypertensive and antipsychotic agents may induce sexual dysfunction that can result in patient noncompliance, and usually, drug-induced side effects are reversible with discontinuation of the offending agent.
Abstract: Commonly used drugs that may cause sexual dysfunction are reviewed. The anatomy and physiology of the normal sexual response are reviewed. The influence of drugs on neurogenic, hormonal, and vascular mechanisms may result in diminished libido, impotence, ejaculatory and orgasmic difficulties, inhibited vaginal lubrication, menstrual irregularities, and gynecomastia in men or painful breast enlargement in women. Parasympatholytic agents, which interfere with cholinergic transmission, may affect erectile potency, while adrenergic inhibiting agents may interfere with ejaculatory control. Central nervous system depressants or sedating drugs, drugs producing hyperprolactinemia, and antiandrogenic drugs also may affect the normal sexual response. Drugs such as antihypertensive and antipsychotic agents may induce sexual dysfunction that can result in patient noncompliance. Usually, drug-induced side effects are reversible with discontinuation of the offending agent.
TL;DR: Males complaining of erectile and ejaculatory dysfunctions were treated in a structured therapy program, and extensive evaluations indicated that the program was highly successful.
Abstract: Males complaining of erectile and ejaculatory dysfunctions were treated in a structured therapy program. Twenty-one males of heterosexual, homosexual, or bisexual orientation were divided into five groups, with two male therapists for each group. Patients were those usually considered difficult to treat in that 16 had a primary sexual dysfunction with an average duration of 6 years. Extensive evaluations were made before therapy, at the completion of therapy, and at 2-months follow-up. Pre-therapeutic, post-therapeutic, and follow-up measurements indicated that the program was highly successful.
TL;DR: The process of selecting a program, and in particular the factors to consider when deciding if a client should work with a lover, with a partner surrogate or in a group format, are discussed.
Abstract: Three different formats for treating gay men with sexual dysfunctions are described, with emphasis on group therapy for men who are without partners. Clients present with general sexual anxieties, lack of sexual desire, secondary erectule dysfunctions, and difficulties with ejaculatory control, both rapid and inhibited. The process of selecting a program, and in particular the factors to consider when deciding if a client should work with a lover, with a partner surrogate or in a group format, are discussed. Primary procedures of sex therapy in each of these formats are described. Some trends in the frequencies of presenting complaints are noted, as well as possible reasons for reported differences between homosexual and heterosexual men. Other special considerations for working with gay men in sex therapy are discussed. Results of a self-report survey of change, administered 6 weeks and again 6 months following the end of 5 different 10-week sex therapy groups, are reported.
TL;DR: Pelvic autonomic neuropathy in diabetic men frequently results in erectile and ejaculatory problems and there have been several reports of the condition in men in the 20-40 years age group.
TL;DR: Comparisons reveal that programs for the SCI devote relatively more attention to 1) education and information, 2) attitude change, and 3) prescribing changes in behavior than other areas.
Abstract: Sexual counseling programs for the spinal cord injured (SCI) have received relatively less focus than other areas of sexual counseling. This article examines five programs that have been described in the literature and compares their formats to guidelines proposed for the treatment of sexual dysfunction in the nonphysically disabled. Comparisons reveal that programs for the SCI devote relatively more attention to 1) education and information, 2) attitude change, and 3) prescribing changes in behavior than other areas.
TL;DR: The high level of sexual dysfunction in this sample requires confirmation but may have implications for counseling, compliance and hypertension control.
Abstract: Experience in a university hypertension unit led to a questioning of the low reported incidence of sexual dysfunction associated with beta-blocker therapy. To examine the question further, 225 patients with hypertension, angina or migraine were surveyed by mailed questionnaire. Changes in energy, mood, sleep and sexual function were compared in groups treated with or without beta-blockers and with or without hypertension. Analysis was done by chi square, male diabetics excluded. Perceived dysfunctions were greater among those on beta-blocker therapy (either alone or in combination) than among those on alternate therapy. Males were more likely to perceive diminished libido than females. Decreases were positively correlated with age in men but not in women. No pattern of female orgasmic change was noted. Hypertension itself seemed unlikely as the important determinant, as prevalence was lower in this group. Many patients attributed perceived decreases in sexual function to medication. Most patients are not told that beta-blocker therapy can alter awareness of sympathetic responses during sexual excitement. The high level of sexual dysfunction in this sample requires confirmation but may have implications for counseling, compliance and hypertension control.
TL;DR: The referral pattern of impotent men from a urology clinic to a sexual dysfunction clinic was investigated and it was found that only 62% of referred patients made such recommended appointments.
Abstract: The referral pattern of impotent men from a urology clinic to a sexual dysfunction clinic was investigated. Only 62% of referred patients made such recommended appointments. Of the patients for whom sex therapy was recommended, only 32% accepted this recommendation. Of those accepting a recommendation for treatment, 57% prematurely terminated treatment against medical advice. The implications of this for referring physicians and alternative treatment approaches are discussed.