Showing papers on "Stylus published in 1976"

Hall effect displacement transducer using a bar magnet parallel to the plane of the Hall device

Abstract: A position indicating device for providing a generally linear output in response to displacement; the system includes a Hall effect device and apparatus for providing a response therein in accordance to displacement of a movable stylus or plunger and the method of making the same.

Lucent electrographic sensor for determining planar coordinates

Abstract: An electrographic sensor for determining planar coordinates is described whereby graphical material to be analyzed may be placed beneath, or projected against, the rear surface of the sensor. This sensor is of particular value for placing on the face of a cathode ray tube. The sensor includes a rigid, optically transparent substrate having an extremely uniform, substantially transparent resistive layer applied to one surface, small electrodes in contact with the resistive layer and individual resistors connected between adjacent electrodes to produce a resistance network around the perimeter of the substrate. Means are provided to produce orthogonal electrical fields in the resistive layer whereby the contacting of the resistive layer with a conductive stylus produces voltage signals at the stylus which are proportional to the coordinates of the point of contact. The second surface of the substrate may be made translucent for projecting optical images thereagainst.

Mapping a small area of a surface

Abstract: The design, construction and use of an automated system for mapping, measuring and analysing small areas of surfaces are described. A modified stylus instrument scans the workpiece in a number of parallel profiles, recorded on-line by a digital computer, which also controls operation of the instrument. The system can scan an area of up to 8 mm*8 mm in 2 h and record it as nearly half a million height readings. Examples of isometric and contour plots of recorded data are presented.

Optical Readout of Videodisc

Abstract: At first sight optical readout of videosignal stored on a disc seems to be a difficult and critical task due to what is paradoxically one of its most interesting features: no mechanical contact between the readout "stylus" and the information carrying surface of the disc. Since the readout "stylus" used here is a light beam, it cannot be simply mechanically guided by a groove, the way it is accomplished, for example with conventional audio records.

Bi-axial probe

Abstract: A probe for measuring coordinate positions on an object by sensing a displacement of the stylus which contacts the object. The probe is responsive to forces which result from the contact between the object and the stylus to indicate coordinate positions of the object. The probe includes a replaceable stylus having a shank portion defining an axis, with a transversely-extending portion extending from the shank portion for sensing forces exerted by objects in the axial direction away from the probe, while the stylus shank portion is responsive to forces in the radial and axial (toward the probe) directions. The probe is thus responsive to forces exerted on the stylus in any direction.

Disk tracking and support apparatus

Abstract: Improved apparatus and methods for tracking a stylus on a rotating disk are disclosed. The apparatus preferably takes the form of an inertially balanced four bar linkage. Also disclosed herein are improved apparatus for supporting a rotating disk, improved apparatus for driving a rotating platter which supports a disk and improved apparatus for following a stylus and supplying power thereto as it crosses the disk.

Key cutting machine for producing obliquely oriented bitting

Abstract: A rotary cutter type key cutting machine for duplicating keys in which the V-shaped notches that define the bitting are obliquely oriented both left and right. Identical vises mounted on a hinged carrier which swings about an axis parallel to that of the rotary cutter, grip the pattern key and the key blank and present the same respectively to a position-identifying stylus and the rotary cutter. The vises are rotatable in unison about their connections with the carrier, permitting them to be so oriented that as the carrier is swung towards the axis of the cutter, the bitted and about-to-be-bitted edges of the pattern key and the key blank are either parallel to the cutter axis or inclined with respect thereto in one direction or the other depending upon the direction the vises have been rotated. The stylus is yieldingly projected to a position at which its key-engaging tip is spaced a distance from the cutter axis greater than the radius of the cutter, so that a selected V-bit in the pattern key can be engaged with the stylus and rotary adjustment of the vises as needed to have the selected V bit fit the stylus can be effected before the key blank contacts the cutter.

Apparatus for electromechanical recording of short wavelength modulation in a metal master

Abstract: An unheated cutting stylus is positioned with respect to a metal master in order to cut a groove having a quiescent groove depth less than one micrometer while relative motion is established between the cutting stylus and the metal master. The cutting stylus is vibrated about the quiescent position thereof in response to a relatively high frequency signal while cutting the groove in order to cut an information track comprising short wavelength modulation (e.g., 0.6 to 1.6 micrometers) of groove depth in the bottom of the groove having a peak-to-peak dimension less than the quiescent groove depth. The cutting stylus vibration is effected by a piezoelectric element which is mounted directly between a pedestal and the cutting stylus by means of bonding materials. The pedestal, the piezoelectric element, and the cutting stylus are shaped to form a cutterhead structure having all external surfaces disposed in anti-parallel relationship to each other.

Method of and apparatus for controlling turntable speed

Abstract: The linear speed of a disc on a turntable with respect to the stylus of a pick-up device is maintained constant regardless of the radial position of the stylus. The speed control is accomplished through the use of a sensor mounted on a low-mass rod which is connected to and pivots about the same vertical axis as the stylus arm. The sensor is located below the turntable and provides pulses commensurate with radiation received from a timing disc on the underside of the turntable. The sensor produced pulses are delivered to electronic circuitry which continuously measures the linear speed of the timing disc, compares the measured speed to a reference standard, and adjusts the turntable electronically to keep the linear speed constant.

Side scan sonar system

Abstract: A side scan sonar system which records return echoes in a manner which realistically displays the spatial relationship between the sonar transducer and the echo producing topographical feature on the sea floor. The system includes a dual channel strip chart recorder having a continuous transverse belt carrying a pair of equally spaced writing styli. The belt circulates at a constant speed with each stylus moving across the paper, first in one direction and then in the opposite direction. One of the styli records starboard channel data when that stylus is moving across the paper toward the right, while the other stylus records port channel data when that stylus is moving across the paper toward the left. The channels may be recorded individually across the entire width of the paper, or they may be recorded simultaneously with the left going stylus recording the port channel from the center to the left edge of the paper, and the right going stylus recording the starboard channel from the center to the right edge of the paper. Belt guides are provided for spacing the transverse portions of the belt loop closely adjacent each other so that port channel data is plotted on approximately the same line along the length of the paper as the starboard channel data. A sonar pulse is transmitted when the writing styli are at a predetermined starting point on the paper, and the return echoes are plotted on the paper at a point spaced from the starting point a distance corresponding to the belt movement during the period from transmission of the sonar pulse to reception of the return signal.

Electrical duplicating control apparatus

Abstract: An electrical duplicating control apparatus, in particular a duplicating milling machine, having a sensing stylus which can be deflected in three dimensions with three sensing systems in which the amount of spatial deflection of the sensing stylus is held constant by means of a deflection control acting on the feed rate control and in which the sensing stylus deflection and the travel velocity can be varied independently of each other.

Pickup circuitry for a video disc player with printed circuit board

Abstract: Stylus, having a conductive electrode, is mounted at one end of a pivoted stylus support arm within a pickup cartridge body of non-conductive material, removably received in a conductive housing. A conductive spring, with one end in electrical contact with the stylus electrode, is secured at its opposite end to the cartridge body. A printed circuit board, mounted within the conductive housing, comprises a dielectric substrate bearing a conductive coating in several elongated surface regions. The conductive coating in two of said regions defines first and second conductors, lying substantially parallel to each other. When the cartridge is received in the housing, electrical contact is established between the body-secured spring end and one end of the first conductor. Capacitive elements couple the other end of the first conductor to the housing. The spring, first conductor, and housing form a transmission line, which resonates with the end-loading capacitive elements and a variable capacitance formed between stylus electrode and the disc record, at frequencies in a selected range. UHF oscillations at a frequency adjacent said range are inductively coupled to the transmission line. AM detector, connected to second conductor, recovers recorded information.

Defect plotting system

Abstract: High speed writing apparatus, for mapping 1:1 polar plots of disc record defect locations on disc-shaped electrosensitive paper, accepts electrical signals representing defect occurrences from a defect detector which scans the disc record surface in a spiral scanning pattern. These signals activate a high voltage switch circuit that produces an electric current between an electric writing pen stylus and a conducting surface of a turntable of the printing apparatus upon which the disc shaped electrosensitive paper is mounted. Relative motion is established between the turntable and the writing pen in a manner causing markings resulting from pen activations to be located on the electrosensitive paper with radial and circumferential positions corresponding to the locations of the defects appearing on the disc record, thereby generating 1:1 polar plots of the defect locations on the paper. The writing pen scans the paper disc surface in a spiral scanning pattern in synchronization with the defect detector scanning of the disc record. The writing pen is a multistylus pen used in a balanced configuration to effect high speed marking of defect locations without causing damage to the paper.

Cleaning devices for records and pickup styli

Abstract: A cleaning device for records and pickup style is disclosed, including a cleaning element supporting a stylus brush and having on its lower side a cleaning cover or layer for wiping over the record. A trough-like container is provided into which the cleaning element can be inserted so that its cleaning surface is enclosed. The stylus brush is detachably supported on the cleaning element by means of a fastening device.

Disc-record players

Abstract: An anti-skating and/or arm-moving device for a disc-record player comprises two permanent-magnet plates carried by the pickup-arm support and each extending over a sector of a circle round the same, the plates being magnetized, each across its thickness, with opposite polarities to produce each a magnetic flux at right angles to the direction of plate movement, and a coil fixed to the player structure in which two conductor elements extend across the flux of each magnet plate respectively, transversely to the direction of magnet movement, and carry the coil current in opposite directions Current cut-off means are preferably provided for cutting off the anti-bias current in the winding when, particularly during a manual cueing operation, the pickup stylus is lifted from the record surface, and conversely preventing the application of arm-moving current when the stylus rests on a record

Capacitance type pickup stylus and method of producing same

Abstract: A stylus for the capacitive pickup of information signals inscribed in a recording medium as a geometrical variation comprises a corundum single crystal rod having two parallel side faces, which are inherently flat and optically smooth, and a thin electrode film coated on one of these two side faces. The electrode film is normal to the c-axis of the crystal, and the longitudinal axis of the rod coincides with one of the a-axes. The rod is formed by the "edge defined film fed growth" method, wherein corundum melt is made to spread as a film over a flat shape-defining surface and a seed crystal is pulled vertically through a capillary so that an elongated crystal is continuously grown. The c-axes of the grown and seed crystals are parallel to the shape-defining surface and normal to the growth direction. Thereby, the rod is formed without the need of machining and abrading steps, other than steps for the shaping of a tip.

Stylus arm lifting/lowering apparatus for a video disc player system

Abstract: A video disc system includes an apparatus for lifting and lowering a stylus arm carrying a stylus. A permanent magnet embedded in a movably mounted element is repelled by an electromagnet to effect lowering of the stylus on a record rotatably disposed on a turntable of the video disc system. A selectively operated circuit is provided to control the rate of increase of voltage across the coil to obtain a smooth landing of the stylus on the record for playback.

Personal identification apparatus

Abstract: Apparatus used in identifying a person by means of pressure patterns associated with a signature comprises first and second spaced and parallel planar conductor elements with a lamina of elastomeric material on an exposed surface of one of the elements to provide a writing surface for a user who, by means of a stylus, exerts a varying pressure pattern via the lamina onto one of the elements to produce a varying capacitance signal.

Apparatus for engraving the sidewall of a tire

Abstract: A portable apparatus which can be used by local tire distributors to customize a tire by forming in the sidewall of the tire, personalized indicia requested by the owner of the tire. The apparatus has a support for holding the desired pattern of indicia, a stylus that is traceable on the indicia, and a small router-like engraving tool which is movable, in unison, with the stylus for grinding into the sidewall of the tire, indicia corresponding to that of the desired pattern.

Instructional apparatus with elastic sheet

Abstract: Instructional apparatus employs a holding mechanism which has depressions in its upper surface of either one depth or different depths. A printed format containing pre-punched openings representing answer selections is disposed over the upper surface, and some or all of the openings are aligned with corresponding depressions. Sandwiched between the printed format and the upper surface is a highly elastic sheet of rubber-like material. The user pushes a rounded tip stylus through the selected opening and thence into the elastic sheet, and the degree of penetration by the stylus through the upper surface down into an underlying depression or hole indicates the correctness of the response and provides instantaneous feedback. Upon withdrawal of the stylus the elastic sheet returns to its former shape with no deformation; thus the apparatus may be used by many students without replacing formats or other used components.

A Study of Blazed Diffraction Grating Groove Profiles Using an Improved Talystep Stylus

Abstract: A new stylus with which it is possible to measure both the steep and shallow sides of diffraction grating grooves is described. The relations between the ruling tool profile and the groove profiles have been investigated and it is shown that the included angle of grating grooves may be considerably less than that of the ruling tool. Recent theoretical predictions of the dependence of peak efficiencies and Wood's anomalies on groove angles have been confirmed and, in particular, a groove included angle of 90° has been found to give higher efficiencies than one of 110°.

Recording sphygmomanometer sphygpressure graph

Abstract: A sphygpressure graph of the aneroid gauge type including a housing, connected with a sphygmocuff, supporting a series of telescoping tubes, connected in right angular relation, and a stylus, mounted on the endmost tube, movable over a chart to scribe the blood pressures. A ratchet and pawl arrangement engaging the telescoping tubes prevents reciprocating action of pulse pressure moving the stylus in a to and fro movement transversely over a graph paper but records the pulse by longitudinally scribing a graph paper during release of pressure from the sphygmocuff.

Stylus arm lifting/lowering apparatus for a video disc player

Abstract: A video disc player includes a stylus arm carrying a stylus at one end thereof. The stylus is subject to engagement with a grooved record rotatably disposed on a turntable for playback. The other end of the stylus arm is pivotally secured within a stylus housing by a flexible coupler. The stylus housing is mounted for lateral motion relative to a base of said player between an off-record rest position and an over-record play position. A stylus arm rest is mounted within the stylus housing for motion between an elevated position and a depressed position. The stylus arm rest in the elevated position supports the stylus arm in a manner precluding stylus/record contact when the stylus housing is in the over-record play position. The stylus arm rest in the depressed position permits the stylus arm to occupy a lowered position. The lowered position of the stylus arm is such that the stylus/record contact is established when the stylus housing is in the over-record play position. The axis of the flexible coupler is aligned with the axis of the stylus arm when the stylus arm is in the lowered position, thereby relaxing the coupler. When the stylus housing moves from the over-record play position to the off-record rest position, a cam secured to the base engages a plunger linked to the stylus arm rest to cause motion of the stylus arm rest from the elevated position to the depressed position. When the stylus housing is in the over-record play position, an electromagnet mounted in the stylus housing is energized to repel a permanent magnet secured to the stylus arm rest to cause the stylus arm rest to assume the depressed position. The stylus arm rest is biased to occupy the elevated position in the absence of the cam/plunger engagement and the electromagnet energization.

Stylus cleaning system for disc record player

Abstract: A pickup arm, pivotally mounted at one end within an arm housing, supports a stylus at its free end. The housing is subject to translatory motion between a rest position, clear of a disc record supporting turntable, and playback positions over the turntable. A brush is mounted in proximity to the turntable and beneath the path of travel of the housing, with the bristles of the brush extending from a holder in directions substantially parallel to the direction of housing travel. As the housing reaches an intermediate position in passage toward the rest position, the pickup arm is depressed to cause stylus engagement with the brush bristles, which clean debris from the stylus during completion of the passage. At the rest position, the stylus is supported by the brush bristles at an elevation substantially corresponding to the stylus elevation obtained during disc record engagement in the course of playback. Additional cleaning is effected during housing passage from rest to intermediate position upon commencement of a playback sequence. Pickup arm elevation causes stylus retraction within housing during travel between intermediate and playback positions. A rotatable brush cleaning member, responsive to the translatory motion of the housing, causes agitation of the brush bristles during housing travel between playback and intermediate positions to remove debris from the brush.

Duplicating method and arrangement

Abstract: The movement of a template past a stylus is controlled by furnishing desi velocity signals to first and second motors driving the template along two mutually perpendicular axes. Two wheatstone bridge strain gauge arrangements, one for each axis, and energized by quadrature voltages furnish signals which are combined in a summing amplifier to yield a signal having an amplitude and angular deflection corresponding to that of the stylus. The signal is rectified yielding a signal corresponding to the amplitude of stylus deflection and is further used to synchronize a sawtooth wave generator in accordance with the angle of deflection. The sawtooth wave output and the amplitude signal output are compared and when equal set a monostable multivibrator which closes two switches each sampling the output of one of the quadrature voltage generators energizing the strain gauges. Each of the so sampled voltages is applied to a potentiometer the output of which controls a corresponding one of the drive motors for the template.

Electric spark recording

Abstract: A graphic recording technique is disclosed for the enlargement of a relief configuration. A micro-stylus is used to scan the configuration laterally while measuring vertical irregularities in the surface; and a recorder stylus is synchronized therewith to record the scan. A series of scans are provided where each successive scan is offset from the previous scan to produce a topographical representation of the relief configuration from the recorder stylus. Vertical movements of the micro-stylus along the surface of the relief configuration are reproduced by the recorder stylus as movements on the ordinate axis in combination with the scan offset thus producing a two dimensional graphical display of a three dimensional relief configuration. Hidden contours of the relief configuration are accurately suppressed by causing the recorder stylus to stop recording at the boundary of a previously written scan area and to begin recording once the previously recorded area has been departed.

Releasable stylus arm magnetic coupling

Abstract: A pickup cartridge for a video disc player encloses a stylus arm unit comprising a stylus arm carrying a stylus at one end and a magnetizable connector plate secured at its other end. A permanent magnet is centrally located in a recess provided in a magnetizable support member which is mounted in a carriage of the player. When the connector plate is engaged with the support member, the separation between the connector plate and the permanent magnet is greater than the separation between the permanent magnet and the walls defining the recess.

Grouped stylus electrostatic recording head

Abstract: An electrostatic recording device for the recording of grey shades which are obtained by variation of the number of image dot elements per image dot. Each pin-shaped recording electrode consists of several sub-electrodes which are electrically insulated with respect to each other and which are divided into groups. Each of these groups is separately electrically switchable.