Showing papers on "Taguchi methods published in 1991"
TL;DR: The process capability indices Cp and Cpk are widely used to provide unitless measures of process potential and performance as mentioned in this paper, but these indices do not adequately address the issue of process centering.
Abstract: The process capability indices Cp and Cpk are widely used to provide unitless measures of process potential and performance. These indices do no adequately address the issue of process centering. An alternative definition of Cp advocated by Taguchi addr..
525 citations
TL;DR: This article further develops and strengthens the response-model/combined-array approach and recommended examination of control-by-noise interaction plots suggested by the fitted-response model, which can reveal control-factor settings that dampen the effects of individual noise factors.
Abstract: Taguchi's robust-design technique, also known as parameter design, focuses on making product and process designs insensitive (i.e., robust) to hard-to-control variations. In some applications, however, his approach of modeling expected loss and the resulting “product array” experimental format leads to unnecessarily expensive experiments. As an alternative to Taguchi's “loss model/product array” formulation. Welch, Yu, Kang, and Sacks proposed combining control and noise factors in a single array, modeling the response itself rather than expected loss, and then approximating a prediction model for loss based on the fitted-response model. In this article, we further develop and strengthen this response-model/combined-array approach. We recommended examination of control-by-noise interaction plots suggested by the fitted-response model. These plots can reveal control-factor settings that dampen the effects of individual noise factors. We also show that the run savings from using combined arrays are due to t...
267 citations
181 citations
TL;DR: The structure and constructions of Taguchi's orthogonal arrays are described, their fractional factorial nature is illustrated, and it is pointed out that Taguchi’s catalog can be expanded to include orthogonic arrays developed since 1960.
Abstract: Taguchi's catalog of orthogonal arrays is based on the mathematical theory of factorial designs and difference sets developed by R. C. Bose and his associates. These arrays evolved as extensions of factorial designs and latin squares. This paper (1) describes the structure and constructions of Taguchi's orthogonal arrays, (2) illustrates their fractional factorial nature, and (3) points out that Taguchi's catalog can be expanded to include orthogonal arrays developed since 1960.
155 citations
TL;DR: In this article, Deming's 14 points for management basic probability and statistical theory constructing orthogonal arrays Taguchi's recommended designs and interation matrices statistical tables probability distributions.
Abstract: Japanese quality improvement fundamentals of data analysis designing experiments further design and analysis techniques response surface methods and designs off-line quality control principles simulation and tolerance design. Appendices: Deming's 14 points for management basic probability and statistical theory constructing orthogonal arrays Taguchi's recommended designs and interation matrices statistical tables probability distributions.
133 citations
TL;DR: The Taguchi method of product design is an experimental approximation to minimizing the expected value of target variance for certain classes of problems as mentioned in this paper, and it is extended to designs which involve variables each of which has a range of values all of which must be satisfied (necessity), and designs that involve variables with any number of values any of which might be used (possibility).
Abstract: The Taguchi method of product design is an experimental approximation to minimizing the expected value of target variance for certain classes of problems. Taguchi’s method is extended to designs which involve variables each of which has a range of values all of which must be satisfied (^necessity), and designs which involve variables each of which has a range of values any of which might be used (^possibility). Tuning parameters, as a part of the design process, are also introduced into Taguchi’s method. The method is also extended to solve design problems with constraints, invoking the methods of constrained optimization. Finally, the Taguchi method uses a factorial method to search the design space, with a confined definition of an optimal solution. This is compared with other methods of searching the design space and their definition of an optimal solution.
121 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the philosophy, teachings, and methodology of Genichi Taguchi in the field of quality engineering, both his success and mistakes have been cited by practitioners and experts.
Abstract: [This abstract is based on the author's abstract.] Considerable debate surrounded the philosophy, teachings, and methodology of Genichi Taguchi in the field of quality engineering. Both his success and mistakes have been cited by practitioners and ..
111 citations
01 Jan 1991
TL;DR: A statistically oriented methodology for optimization and sensitivity analysis of VLSI process, device, and circuit design through computer simulation has been developed and can play a key role in designing for manufacturability.
Abstract: Previously, the use of computer simulation, statistically designed experiments, and response surface methods have been pro- posed to aid in the optimization of VLSI process, device, and circuit design Here methodology which incorporates the philosophy and methods of Taguchi is developed to address the issues of designing for manufacturability and sensitivity analysis Specifically one wants to obtain responses (outputs) at or near required targets and minimize output variability when the inputs are subject to manufacturing tol- erances The desirability functions, which generalize the notion of yield, are used to assess how close responses are to their targets Manufac- turing tolerances in the inputs are incorporated in the analysis by means of the expected loss of the desirability function which is estimated by a Taguchi outer array approach The desirability expected loss is used to determine an optimum nominal input point to give responses close to target with small variability The sensitivity of the various responses to the inputs is determined by an analytical method and an analysis of variance approach using a Taguchi outer array The methods are ap- plied to the optimization of a BIMOS NPN transistor
99 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors introduce tuning parameters into the design methods of: optimization, Taguchi's method, and the method of imprecision, which can result in designs that are more tolerant of variational noise.
Abstract: In the design and manufacture of mechanical devices, there are parameters whose values are determined by the manufacturing process in response to errors introduced in the device’s manufacture or operating environment. Such parameters are termed tuning parameters, and are distinct from design parameterswhich the designer selects values for as a part of the design process. This paper introduces tuning parameters into the design methods of: optimization, Taguchi’s method, and the method of imprecision [8]. The details of the mathematical formulation, along with a design example, are presented and discussed. Including tuning parameters in the design process can result in designs that are more tolerant of variational noise.
81 citations
22 Sep 1991
72 citations
TL;DR: In this article, Genichi Taguchi designed experiments in research and development and four case studies, Karen Kafadar Biotechnology Experimental Design, Chistopher J. Nachisheim, Paul E. Johnson, Kenneth D. Kotnour, Ruth K. Meyer, and Imran A. Zualkernan The Effect of Ozone on Asthmatics and Normals: An Unbalanced ANOVA Example, Thomas J. Lorenzen Sensitivity of an Air Pollution and Health Study to the Choice of a Mortality Index, Diane I. Gibbons and
Abstract: "Applications Experimental Design for Product Design, Genichi Taguchi Designing Experiments in Research and Development: Four Case Studies, Karen Kafadar Biotechnology Experimental Design, Perry D. Haaland Expert Systems for the Design of Experiments, Chistopher J. Nachisheim, Paul E. Johnson, Kenneth D. Kotnour, Ruth K. Meyer, and Imran A. Zualkernan The Effect of Ozone on Asthmatics and Normals: An Unbalanced ANOVA Example, Thomas J. Lorenzen Sensitivity of an Air Pollution and Health Study to the Choice of a Mortality Index, Diane I. Gibbons and Gary C. McDonald Methods Mixture Experiments, John A. Cornell Response Surface Designs and the Prediction Variance Function, Raymond H. Myers The Analysis of Multiresponse Experiments: A Review, AndrE I. Khuri The Role of Experimentation in Quality Engineering: A Review of Taguchi's Contributions, Vijay N. Nair and Anne C. Shoemaker SEL: A Search Method Based on Orthogonal Arrays, C. F. Jeff Wu, S. S. Mao, and F. S. Ma Modern Factorial Design Theory for Experimenters and Statisticians, Jagdish N. Srivastava New Properties of Orthogonal Arrays and Their Statistical Applications, A. Sam Hedayat Construction of Run Orders of Factorial Designs, Ching-Shui Cheng Methods for Constructing Trend-Resistant Run Orders of 2-Level Factorial Experiments, Mike Jacroux Measuring Dispersion Effects of Factors in Factorial Experiments, Subir Ghosh and Eric S. Lagergren Designing Factorial Experiments: A Survey of the Use of Generalized Cyclic Designs, Angela M. Dean Crossover Designs in Industry, Damaraju Raghavarao "
Journal Article•
TL;DR: This article developed a catalog of orthogonal arrays from mathematical procedures published in well-known English language journals, which evolved as extensions of factorial plans and latin squares and illustrate the fractional factorial n..
Abstract: Taguchi developed his catalog of orthogonal arrays from mathematical procedures published in well-known English language journals. These arrays evolved as extensions of factorial plans and latin squares. This paper illustrates the fractional factorial n..
TL;DR: The authors developed a catalog of orthogonal arrays from mathematical procedures published in well-known English language journals, which evolved as extensions of factorial plans and latin squares and illustrate the fractional factorial n..
Abstract: Taguchi developed his catalog of orthogonal arrays from mathematical procedures published in well-known English language journals. These arrays evolved as extensions of factorial plans and latin squares. This paper illustrates the fractional factorial n..
01 Dec 1991
TL;DR: The authors use examples to illustrate concepts such as the simultaneous treatment of variability and mean of performance measures, strategies for achieving system robustness, and implementation of noise through factorial designs.
Abstract: G. Taguchi (1987) has made an innovative contribution to quality planning activities through the integrated use of loss functions and orthogonal arrays. The authors focus on the improvement and implementation of some of these techniques in the simulation arena. The orthogonal arrays advocated by Taguchi are related to classical experimental designs, which have played important tactical roles in the exploration of mathematical metamodels for the simulation response surface. However, the loss function and the associated robust design philosophy provide fresh insights into the process of optimizing or improving the simulation's performance. The authors use examples to illustrate concepts such as the simultaneous treatment of variability and mean of performance measures, strategies for achieving system robustness, and implementation of noise through factorial designs. Relationships to other issues in designing and analyzing simulation experiments, such as response surface metamodels and variance reduction, are discussed. >
Book•
01 Jan 1991
TL;DR: In this article, the authors illustrate various types of S/N ratios, using examples from mechanical, chemical, electrical, and measurement fields, and show engineers how to use these ratios to evaluate quality and reliability of products and processes.
Abstract: To quality engineers, noise refers to any factor that alters a product's designated function. Signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios--commonly used to evaluate the quality of communications systems--can help keep this type of instability to a minimum in products and processes. This book illustrates various types of S/N ratios, using examples from mechanical, chemical, electrical, and measurement fields, and shows engineers how to use these ratios to evaluate quality and reliability of products and processes.
01 Dec 1991
TL;DR: This paper proposes an experimental design strategy for designing robust systems using discrete-event simulation motivated by Genichi Taguchi's strategy for improving product and process quality in manufacturing.
Abstract: Well designed experiments can dramatically improve the statistical accuracy of simula tion output data and facilitate the statistical analysis. In this paper we propose an experimental design strategy for designing robust systems using discrete-event simulation. The proposed strategy is motivated by Genichi Taguchi's strategy for improving product and process quality in manufacturing. Robust systems are systems that not only satisfy performance criteria, but also are not sensitive to uncontrollable environmental conditions or noise in the system's environment. We demonstrate the proposed experimental design strategy with a jobshop example and discuss the potential benefits of employing such a strategy for designing robust systems in general.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors considered a design problem with a set specification: fixed center distance, speed ratio, and transmission torque, and developed an algorithm to find a limited number of candidate designs by applying conventional design generation techniques and some design heuristics.
Abstract: This paper deals with the design of spur gears that have minimum transmission error and are insensitive to manufacturing variance. We address two stages of design: (1) generation of candidate designs (selection of number of teeth, pressure angle, etc.), and (2) tooth profile modification. The first stage involves a search of discrete combinations of design variables, while the second stage utilizes numerical optimization techniques. The key research issue is finding a candidate design and its profile modification that not only has low transmission error, but is insensitive to variations in the design values caused by the manufacturing process. To achieve this goal, the procedure applies Taguchi’s concept of parameter design. In this paper, we consider a design problem with a set specification: fixed center distance, speed ratio, and transmission torque. We seek to find a limited number of candidate designs by applying conventional design generation techniques and some design heuristics. For each candidate design, the procedure determines the optimum profile modification (linear tip relief) by linking the Load Distribution Program (LDP) for gears with an optimization program package (OPTPAK). From the resulting peak optimum, we further seek the statistical optimum using an algorithm developed in this paper. The statistical optimum shows a nominal increase in the transmission error, but is quite insensitive to typical process error associated with gear manufacturing. The developed algorithm readily applies to other gear designs as well as other types of machine elements. In particular, we foresee our procedure to be particularly effective for helical gears. We hope to further our method by developing a means to add statistical heuristics to the discrete design generation stage.
TL;DR: In this article, a dual response surface approach is discussed and illustrated for robust parameter design, which alleviates criticisms of the Taguchi approach and alleviates the impact of the taguchi approach.
Abstract: Recent work has lead to development of robust parameter design which alleviates criticisms of the Taguchi approach. A dual response surface approach is discussed and illustrated.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, a dual response surface approach is discussed and illustrated for robust parameter design which alleviates criticisms of the Taguchi approach and alleviates the taguchi approach's shortcomings.
Abstract: Recent work has lead to development of robust parameter design which alleviates criticisms of the Taguchi approach A dual response surface approach is discussed and illustrated
TL;DR: Methodology which incorporates the philosophy and methods of Taguchi is developed to address the issues of designing for manufacturability and sensitivity analysis and is applied to the optimization of a BIMOS NPN transistor.
Abstract: Methodology which incorporates the philosophy and methods of Taguchi is developed to address the issues of designing for manufacturability and sensitivity analysis. Specifically, the goal is to obtain responses (outputs) at or near required targets and to minimize output variability when the inputs are subject to manufacturing tolerances. The desirability functions, which generalize the notion of yield, are used to assess how close responses are to their targets. Manufacturing tolerances in the inputs are incorporated in the analysis by means of the expected loss of the desirability function which is estimated by a Taguchi outer array approach. The desirability expected loss is used to determine an optimum nominal input point to give responses close to target with small variability. The sensitivity of the various responses to the inputs is determined by an analytical method and an analysis of variance approach using a Taguchi outer array. The methods are applied to the optimization of a BIMOS NPN transistor. >
TL;DR: In this paper, a comparison of traditional statistical process control (SPC) methods and Taguchi methods (TM) of quality management is presented, showing how the Taguchi method complements many of the features of SPC.
Abstract: Most manufacturing processes do not produce completely identical characteristics for successive units of the same product. There are many different sources of manufacturing variability. Product design has a significant impact on manufacturing variability. The design flows of a particular product cannot be predicted, making it difficult to apply effectively traditional statistical process control (SPC) methods. In this article, a comparison of traditional SPC methods and Taguchi methods (TM) of quality management is presented. We show how the Taguchi method complements many of the features of SPC. Finally, we argue for adoption of TM for implementation into a total quality program.
TL;DR: The Successive Quadratic Variance Approximation Method (SQVAM) as mentioned in this paper is based on conventional optimization techniques, and assumes that the functional relationship between the input parameters and the performance characteristic of interest is either known or could be well approximated.
TL;DR: In this paper, a second order approximation of the average loss function for on-line control procedure is developed under a Brownian motion model, depending on whether the ratio of the adjustment cost to the inspection cost is small or large.
Abstract: In this paper, a second order approximation of the average loss function for on-line control procedure is developed under a Brownian motion model. The approximation depends on whether the ratio of the adjustment cost to the inspection cost is small or large. Both cases are dealt with. Simple formulae for the optimal parameters are given for both cases. These approximations are shown to be better than the ones given by Taguchi et al.(1989) and Adams and WoodaU(1989).
TL;DR: In this article, the robust design method for reducing cost and improving quality is discussed and its application is demonstrated by the use of an example and the results suggest that robust design is an efficient, disciplined approach that can aid product delivery teams in designing for cost.
Abstract: This paper discusses the robust design method for reducing cost and improving quality. Robust design is Dr. Taguchi''s approach for determining the optimum configuration of design parameters for performance, quality and cost. The method is briefly explained and its application is demonstrated by the use of an example. The results suggest that the robust design method is an efficient, disciplined approach that can aid product delivery teams in designing for cost.
TL;DR: The quality control robust design and the taguchi method PDF is available at the online library for free.
Abstract: QUALITY CONTROL ROBUST DESIGN AND THE TAGUCHI METHOD PDF Are you looking for quality control robust design and the taguchi method Books? Now, you will be happy that at this time quality control robust design and the taguchi method PDF is available at our online library. With our complete resources, you could find quality control robust design and the taguchi method PDF or just found any kind of Books for your readings everyday.
TL;DR: The idle column method, proposed by Taguchi, enables a two-level orthogonal array to be used as the basis of a mixed-level fractional factorial experiment as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The idle column method, proposed by Taguchi, enables a two-level orthogonal array to be used as the basis of a mixed-level fractional factorial experiment. The resulting designs are not orthogonal but can in some circumstances be described as nearly orthogonal. The method must be applied with care, because an apparently minor change in the technique produces a different kind of design. We illustrate these points with a simple example. The same example is used to compare the "orthogonal" analysis of nonorthogonal designs, as advocated by Taguchi, with the least squares method. Finally, we examine some alternative designs and try to identify the circumstances in which the idle-column method is likely to be most useful.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a review of the currently available procedures for parameter design in terms of minimizing expected loss, and provide guidelines for the choice of an appropriate procedure for a given parameter design problem.
Abstract: The Taguchi idea of parameter design has received considerable attention from statisticians and engineers. However, it is only recently that some of the underlying principles of his ideas have been clarified and other alternative procedures have been proposed. This paper reviews the currently available procedures for parameter design in terms of minimizing expected loss. Advantages and disadvantages of each procedure are discussed for the three types of performance characteristics, and guidelines are provided for the choice of an appropriate procedure for a given parameter design problem.
TL;DR: In this paper, a Taguchi methods-based systematic methodology is used to determine a vision system's three-dimensional (3D) coordinate measurement capability, which reduces the effect of the noise factors rather than removes them which may be costly.
Abstract: Before a machine vision system can be used effectively in a production environment, its capability (accuracy and repeatability) must be determined. In this project, a Taguchi methods-based systematic methodology is used to determine a vision system's three-dimensional (3D) coordinate measurement capability. This methodology reduces the effect of the noise factors rather than removes them which may be costly. Seven factors (i.e., lens type, colour of background, distance between two objects, distance between camera and target, filter, lighting source, and angle between the camera's optic axis and the target's surface) are studied in an L27(313) orthogonal array. The experiment results show that when set up correctly, the selected vision system can measure to 0·004 inch (1 in. = 25·4mm) of accuracy and 0·001 in. of repeatability. The process capability percent and response figures show the amounts of change when the setup factor levels deviate from the optimal one.
TL;DR: An overview of the Taguchi methodology and more specific of its key step: parameter design is given to bring quality into the product/process by determining the relevant parameters and their optimal settings such that the quality characteristics of the product are optimised and have minimal sensitivity to “noise”.
TL;DR: In this paper, a methodology based on Taguchi methods was implemented to determine/optimize robot process capability (RPC) for path following, which consists of the characterization of the robot path data, the experimental design, the data analysis procedure, and the verification of the results.
Abstract: A methodology based on Taguchi methods was implemented to determined/optimize robot process capability (RPC) for path following. The methodology consists of the characterization of the robot path data, the experimental design, the data analysis procedure, and the verification of the results. Four figures of merit (FOMs) for accuracy and four FOMs for repeatability were used to characterize a robot's controlled path capability. The experiment considered seven controllable factors (i.e. load, speed, shape, size, direction, orientation, and height) and used an L 27 (3 13 ) orthogonal array. From the results of the data analysis, the optimal factor-level combinations for the best path capability and minimum process variation were determined. The experimental runs were verified. The recommended methodology has the advantages of cost effectiveness, efficiency, data compression, and flexibility.