Showing papers on "Temporal cortex published in 1976"
TL;DR: The results indicate that a single symptomatic exposure or a series of subclinical exposures to sarin or dieldrin can alter the frequency spectrum of the spontaneous EEG for up to 1 yr.
111 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that removal of superior temporal cortex does not impair auditory memory and that the earlier suggestion that it does is incorrect, and a defect in recognition or coding of temporal pattern is interpreted.
64 citations
TL;DR: Findings are discussed in terms of their significance for a possible role for the insular and temporal neocortex (I-T) in both multimodal sensory discrimination and sensory-visceral integrative functions.
49 citations
TL;DR: The results showed that in the areas of cortex examined, the number of inclusions in neuronal processes did not increase with age, however,The number of dense deposits in the cell bodies and processes of oligodendrocytes did increase significantly with age and corpora amylacea were found in astrocytic processes.
Abstract: A recent quantitative electron microscopic study of biopsy samples of the cerebral cortex of neurologically normal individuals, aged between 15 and 54 years, has shown that atypical inclusions are present in neuronal and glial processes in small but appreciable numbers (Rees). It would be of interest to know whether these inclusions accumulate with age. This study therefore applied the same quantitative methods used in the previous study, to autopsy samples of frontal and temporal cortex from 3 non-demented ageing human brains (70-76 years). The results showed that in the areas of cortex examined, the number of inclusions in neuronal processes did not increase with age. However, the number of dense deposits in the cell bodies and processes of oligodendrocytes did increase significantly with age. In agreement with previous studies corpora amylacea were found in astrocytic processes. Senile plaques were not observed.
34 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The cortical response developed from a simple negative wave in the youngest embryos into an intricate complex with an initial positive component in newborn guinea-pigs, which influenced the stability of the more recent components of the cortical auditory response in mature foetuses.
Abstract: Development of the response of the auditory cortex to unilateral acoustic stimulation by a chick was studied in guinea-pig foetuses from the 50th day to the end of gestation and in newborn animals. The first cortical response appeared on the 52nd to 53rd day of gestation. The maximum responses were concentrated in the temporal cortex, between the somatosensory (parietal) and optic (occipital) area. The progressive development of the latent period of the cortical response and of its various components distinctly slowed down on the last days of gestation. At the same time, the amplitude of the cortical response was temporarily augmented. The cortical response developed from a simple negative wave in the youngest embryos into an intricate complex with an initial positive component in newborn guinea-pigs. The basic components of this complex were already discernible on the 64th to 65th day of gestation. The ability to react to repeated peripheral stimulation of 0.1-2 c/s frequency increased with foetal age, with temporary deterioration on the last days of gestation. Resistance of the cortical auditory response to cerebral anoxia rose up to term, with a temporary drop from the 64th day of gestation. After the initiation of independent respiration, cerebral hypoxia and bilateral vagotomy chiefly influenced the stability of the more recent components of the cortical auditory response in mature foetuses.
11 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: It is concluded that the basolateral part of the amygdala in the dog has a complex and highly developed connections with the archi-, paleo- and neocortex.
Abstract: Small electrolytic lesions were placed in the basal and lateral amygdaloid nuclei of the dog and the distribution of degenerating fibers was studied with Nauta and Fink-Heimer modifications of the impregna- tion methods. Degenerating axons were followed into the hippocampal region and entorhinal cortex as well as insular and temporal cortices. The present results suggest that: (i) The hippocampal region receives projections from the basal parvocellular and basal magnocellular nuclei; (ii) the entorhinal cortex from the lateral and basal parvocellular nuclei; {iii) the insular cortex, cortex of the anterior ectosylvian and sylvian gyri, and to a smaller degree the claustrum, from the lateral and basal magno- cellular nuclei; (iv) the temporal cortex of the posterior suprasylvian gyrus from all nuclei of the basolateral part of the amygdala. It is con- cluded that the basolateral part of the amygdala in the dog has a complex and highly developed connections with the archi-, paleo- and neocortex.
10 citations
TL;DR: In 12 rhesus monkeys the injection of alumina cream into the temporal cortex, amygdala or hippocampus induced seizures after a latent period of six weeks to three months may provide a proper model for the study of clinical psychomotor epilepsy.
Abstract: In 12 rhesus monkeys the injection of alumina cream into the temporal cortex, amygdala or hippocampus induced seizures after a latent period of six weeks to three months. Clinically the attacks are characterized by an arrest of movement, staring, unresponsiveness to most stimuli, wandering conjugate eye movements, automatisms, twitching of the contraleteral ear and less commonly commonly vocalization, chewing, hiccoughing, vomiting, adversive head movements and twitching of the face. The spiking from the amygdala and hippocampus, which usually fire together, propagates to the temporal cortex and multiple subcortical structures including the hypothalamus, anterior perforated space, anteromedial thalamus, cingulate gyrus, putamen, globus pallidus, subthalamus and mesencephalic reticular formation; from the temporal cortex to the amygdala and hippocampus, and secondarily to the diencephalic centers. There is a fairly consistent sequence of preferential propagation. Although there are some differences in the occurrences of clinical manifestations depending upon the sites of the focus, no specific structural correlation with clinical manifestations could be established. This experimental condition may provide a proper model for the study of clinical psychomotor epilipsy.
3 citations
TL;DR: The term “multifocal epilepsy” has not been clearly defined but all cases of partial epilepsy with multiple independent electrical foci, either unilateral or bilateral, are considered to be multifocal.
Abstract: The term “multifocal epilepsy” has not been clearly defined. “Multifocal epilepsy” includes all cases of partial epilepsy with multiple independent electrical foci, either unilateral or bilateral (Marossero et al. 1975).
2 citations
TL;DR: It was shown by statistical analysis of electroencephalograms that on micropolarization of the temporal cortex or hypothalamus a stepwise reorganization ofθ-, α-, andβ-rhythms takes place in the temporal and motor cortex, hypothalamus, and mesencephalic reticular formation only with certain values of the current.
Abstract: It was shown by statistical analysis of electroencephalograms in the manner suggested that on micropolarization of the temporal cortex or hypothalamus a stepwise reorganization ofθ-, α-, andβ-rhythms takes place in the temporal and motor cortex, hypothalamus, and mesencephalic reticular formation only with certain values of the current. The principles governing the changes in the biorhythms (their relations with each other, thresholds of origin, connection between focal and distant changes) thus revealed are regarded as a reflection of the fine regulation of the functional state of the structures and also as the mutual influence of the cortex and deep brain formations causing modulation of mnemic processes.
TL;DR: Although spiking occurs in the temporal cortex, amygdala and hippocampus at different times, no specific structural correlation with clinical manifestations could be established and the interictal spikes tended to remain within the temporal lobe, and were influenced by sleep.
Abstract: In 12 rhesus monkeys the injection of alumina cream into the temporal cortex, amygdala or hippocampus induced seizures after a latent periods of six weeks to three months. Clinically the attacks are characterized by an arrest of movement, staring, unresponsiveness to most stimuli, wandering conjugate eye movements, automatisms, twitching of the contralateral ear and less commonly vocalization, chewing, hiccoughing, vomiting, adversive head movements and twitching of the face. The spiking from the amygdala and hippocampus, which usually fire together, propagates to the temporal cortex and multiple subcortical structures including the hypothalamus, anterior perforated space, anteromedial thalamus, cingulate gyrus, putamen, globus pallidus, subthalamus and mesencephalic reticular formation : from the temporal cortex to the amygdala and hippocampus, and secondarily to the diencephalic structures. There is a fairly consistent sequence of preferential propagation. Although spiking occurs in the temporal cortex, amygdala and hippocampus at different times, no specific structural correlation with clinical manifestations could be established. The interictal spikes tended to remain within the temporal lobe, and were influenced by sleep. Generalization of the seizures usually occurs from progressive involvement of more and more subcortical and cortical structures.